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Friction and Gravity

Friction and gravity are forces that affect the motion of objects. Friction is a force that opposes the relative motion between two surfaces in contact and includes static, kinetic, sliding, fluid, and rolling friction. Gravity is the force that attracts objects toward each other without direct contact. Friction tends to slow motion while gravity causes objects to accelerate toward each other. The effects of these forces can be seen when objects slide, roll, or move through air or water. Reducing friction and the forces acting on surfaces can make movement easier.

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Yahaira Cleigh Ruz Yap
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485 views

Friction and Gravity

Friction and gravity are forces that affect the motion of objects. Friction is a force that opposes the relative motion between two surfaces in contact and includes static, kinetic, sliding, fluid, and rolling friction. Gravity is the force that attracts objects toward each other without direct contact. Friction tends to slow motion while gravity causes objects to accelerate toward each other. The effects of these forces can be seen when objects slide, roll, or move through air or water. Reducing friction and the forces acting on surfaces can make movement easier.

Uploaded by

Yahaira Cleigh Ruz Yap
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Friction is a force that holds back the movement of a how friction and gravity affect movements of

sliding object. ... The force acts in the opposite direction Different objects
to the way an object wants to slide. If a car needs to stop Forces (including gravity and friction) can affect the
at a stop sign, it slows because of the friction between speed and direction of anobject. Gravity is a force that
the brakes and the wheels. always attracts or pulls objects toward each other
without direct contact or impact. ... The force of gravity,
Types of friction
like all other forces, can cause changes in the speed
Static friction
of objects.
“The frictional forces acting between the surfaces at rest
with respect to each other are called forces of static
friction.”
Kinetic friction There are a number of ways to reduce friction:
“The frictional forces acting between the surfaces in relative 1.Make the surfaces smoother. ...
motion are called the force of kinetic friction.” 2.Lubrication is another way to make a surface
Sliding friction smoother.
When an object slides over another surface, the frictional 3.Make the object more streamlined.
force that comes into action is sliding friction. 4.Reduce the forces acting on the surfaces.
• Sliding friction examples Rubbing both hands with each 5.Reduce the contact between the surfaces.
other is the simple example of sliding friction. 6.Roll the bodies instead of sliding them.
Fluid friction
“The frictional force of an object moving through a fluid like Why is reducing friction important?
water or air is called fluid friction. "It is also called drag force. • to make movement easier or reduce the wear and
Rolling friction tear on a surface.
Rolling resistance, sometimes called rolling
friction or rolling drag, is the force resisting the motion when
a body (such as a ball, tire, or wheel) rolls on a surface.
examples of static friction
• A car parked on a hill. The brakes apply static friction to
the wheel hubs, and the wheels hold fast to the ground
examples of kinetic friction because of static friction.
1.Combing hair.. friction between comb and hair is what • A tightened bolt. If too loose, it may shake loose and
makes you hair feel combed. fall out. But if properly tightened, there is strong static
2.Wearing shirt/trouser.. friction between skin and shirt. friction between the threads of the bolt and the nut,
3.Swimming.. drag force of water on your body. and it won’t come loose.
4.Brakes applied on wheels.. due to kinetic friction when • Papers on a tabletop. We count on them not falling off.
the breaks are applied vehicle stops. However, sufficient wind force or earthquake vibrations
5.Walking.. friction between shoe and ground. can dislodge the papers and other objects, overcoming
6.Stirring liquid in a container.. the static friction force.
7.Painting.. friction between brush and wall. • A towel hanging on a rack. We expect it to stay put.
8.Vacuum cleaning.. However, if one end is too long, we may come back to
9.Sweeping floor.. find the towel on the floor, because the weight
10.Swiping card.. difference overcame the static friction between the
11.May be our blood experiences a kinetic friction with towel and the rod.
skin,nerves and bones.. • A bookmark in a book. It is supposed to stay in place.
But if the bookmark is slick plastic, it may not have
How does friction affect motion? enough static friction to hold its place, and may fall out
Friction tends to slow down an objects motion of the book

why there is a need to be careful if the floor or road is


wet. IMPORTANE OF FRICTION
IF THE ROAD/FLOOR IS WET the water on • We need friction to walk; if we did not have
a road causes a loss of friction. As tires move over a wet any friction, everything would be slipping and sliding
surface, the water fills in the tiny pits in the road surface, away.
effectively smoothing out the surface. As a result, the • It is possible for us to write with paper or pencil on the
normal heat and friction created is decreased, leading to paper
a surface that is more slippery than when dry. • It is possible to walk on road because of Friction
between our feet and roads.
Why did the glass bottle slide down easily when the surface • It is possible to make a car move on road because of
of the tray was wet with water? Friction if there was no friction the car would have
• no friction to hold it …..the bottle slides EASILY slipped.
Gravity is a force which tries to pull two objects toward How does friction and gravity affect movements of
each other. Anything which has mass also has different objects?
a gravitational pull. The more massive an object is, the Forces (including gravity and friction) can affect the speed
stronger its gravitational pull is. Earth's gravity is what and direction of an object. Gravity is a force that always
keeps you on the ground and what causes objects to attracts or pulls objects toward each other without direct
fall. contact or impact. ... The pull of Earth's gravity keeps the
Moon in orbit; the moon is constantly changing direction
situation which show the presence of gravity because of gravity.
• a ball you throw in the air to come down again.
• a car to coast downhill even when you aren't stepping on How is friction affected by gravity?
the gas.
While sliding down a hill in a sled, the force
• a glass you drop to fall to the floor.
• an apple to fall downward from an apple tree. of gravity causes the sled to accelerate down the hill. The
• keeps you walking on Earth instead of floating away into force of friction eventually causes the sled to stop. ... These
space two forces affect many motions on Earth. So, it means the
• a jump rope to come back to the ground after you swing it effect of gravity maybe reduced due to friction of
over your head. molecules/particles in between

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