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Revision Notes For Rational Numbers Class 10

This document summarizes key concepts about real numbers. It defines rational and irrational numbers, describing how rational numbers have either terminating decimal or recurring decimal expansions, while irrational numbers have non-terminating, non-recurring expansions. It also explains Euclid's division lemma, which states that for any two positive integers a and b, there exist unique integers q and r such that a = bq + r, where 0 ≤ r < b. This is analogous to the division algorithm of dividend = divisor × quotient + remainder, with the remainder being less than the divisor. The document concludes by describing how to find the highest common factor of two numbers using the Euclid division algorithm through repeated division until getting a remainder of

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156 views

Revision Notes For Rational Numbers Class 10

This document summarizes key concepts about real numbers. It defines rational and irrational numbers, describing how rational numbers have either terminating decimal or recurring decimal expansions, while irrational numbers have non-terminating, non-recurring expansions. It also explains Euclid's division lemma, which states that for any two positive integers a and b, there exist unique integers q and r such that a = bq + r, where 0 ≤ r < b. This is analogous to the division algorithm of dividend = divisor × quotient + remainder, with the remainder being less than the divisor. The document concludes by describing how to find the highest common factor of two numbers using the Euclid division algorithm through repeated division until getting a remainder of

Uploaded by

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Revision Notes

for
Real Number

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www.studyrankers.com
Revision Real
Numbers

Rational Irrational
Numbers Numbers

Non-Integral Square root of not


Integral Rational Rational Numbers perfect square
Numbers -2,-3, 0,
-2/3, -4/7, 2/9, 1/8, 𝑬𝒙𝒂𝒎𝒑𝒍𝒆: 𝟐, 𝝅
4, 5,1..etc,
45/67 etc.

We know that all integers , fractions, whole number,


natural number falls in category of rational Numbers.
Another way to categories rational and Irrational
numbers was using Decimal Representation.
Terminating
decimal
Expansion
Rational
Non-Terminating
recurring decimal
Real Numbers Expansion

Non –Terminating
and non-recurring
Irrational Number
decimal
Expansion

So, rational numbers are having terminating decimal expansion


and non terminating Recurring expansion.
2 2
Examples = 0. 6ത ; = 0.4. Irrational numbers are having
3 5
non terminating non recurring expansion. Example 2.303003…
2 = 1.414 … . ., 𝜋 = 3.142 … … …
Euclid’s division Lemma
Statement:
For any two given positive integers a and b
their exist a unique whole number q and r
such that
𝑎 = 𝑏𝑞 + 𝑟 𝑤ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑒 0 ≤ 𝑟 < 𝑏

If you observe Carefully you will find it is similar to


𝑫𝒊𝒗𝒊𝒅𝒆𝒏𝒅 = 𝒅𝒊𝒗𝒊𝒔𝒐𝒓 × 𝒒𝒖𝒐𝒕𝒊𝒆𝒏𝒕 + 𝒓𝒆𝒎𝒂𝒊𝒏𝒅𝒆𝒓
Remainder < divisor
Divisor Dividend

Quotient 17= 3 ×5 + 2
5)17(3
Here,
15 a=17, b=5, q=3, r=2
2 Remainder

So, there is nothing different from division we have learnt in


earlier glass. There is just a proper statement for that.
Finding HCF using Euclid’s Division Algorithm
Here we will be finding HCF in similar way use to do in earlier
classes. The method was dividing until we get remainder zero.
The only difference is that we have to write the statements for
each steps. The first step is dividing Larger number by smaller
Number.

Note:- Lemma is a proven Statement. Algorithm is a step wise


method to solve problems.
Finding HCF of c and d
c>d

Apply division lemma on c and d


Perform division: c÷d; find quotient q
and remainder r

Apply division lemma


Yes No on q and r perform q÷r,
d is HCF r=0 repeat the process until
remainder is zero.

Euclid Division Algorithm

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