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Landforms and Processes

Geomorphology is the scientific study of landforms and the processes that shape them. Landforms are natural physical features on Earth's surface that are formed by various geological processes including wind erosion (aeolian landforms like dunes and loess), water erosion (fluvial landforms like deltas, meanders, and sea cliffs), glacial erosion (features like moraines, cirques, and fjords), and tectonic activity (volcanoes, mountains, and plateaus). Landforms are continually changed over time by these surface processes.

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78 views

Landforms and Processes

Geomorphology is the scientific study of landforms and the processes that shape them. Landforms are natural physical features on Earth's surface that are formed by various geological processes including wind erosion (aeolian landforms like dunes and loess), water erosion (fluvial landforms like deltas, meanders, and sea cliffs), glacial erosion (features like moraines, cirques, and fjords), and tectonic activity (volcanoes, mountains, and plateaus). Landforms are continually changed over time by these surface processes.

Uploaded by

Lanz Soquiat
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Landforms and Processes

Geomorphology is the
scientific study of
landforms and the
processes that shape
them.
•Landforms are defined
as the natural physical
features on the surface
of the Earth.
1. Aeolian landforms are
formed by the chemical
and mechanical action
of the wind.
Types of Aeolian Landforms
• a. Dunes are mounds or
small hills made up of
sand. They may be dome-
shaped, crescent-shaped,
star-shaped, linear-shaped
or parabolic.
b. Loess
•It is predominantly silt-
sized sediment formed
by the accumulation of
windblown dust.
b. Loess
•It appears yellowish or
brownish in color and it
exhibits ‘cat steps’.
• Also called rock pedestal
• A natural occurring rock
that resembles the shape
of a mushroom.
• Erosional landforms are
created from exclusively
erosional and weathering
actvities.
a. Mesas
• Also called table
mountains
• Elevated areas of
land with a flat top
& sides that are
usually steep cliffs.
OTHER OF EXAMPLES OF MESAS
b. Buttes
• It is similar to mesas as it has a flat-
topped hill and steep sides and are
formed in its arid to semi-arid desert
conditions.
• The difference is that buttes cover a
smaller amount of area.
• Its name is originated from a French
word w/c means “hillock” or “small hill”.
C. CANYONS

• Sometimes called ‘gorge’


• It is a deep ravine between cliffs that is often
carved from the landscape by a river, wind or
glacier
• They were not produced by tectonic activities
or natural disasters but by water and wind
erosion over a long period of time.
4. MOUNTAINOUS LANDFORMS

• Landforms that rise higher


than the rest of their
surroundings.
• They can be created by
tectonic activities.
TYPES OF MOUNTAINS

A. Volcanoes
It can be identified from its
opening at the top called
vent.
Smaller than mountains
Usually covered with grass and
used as grazing lands for goats,
cattles and carabaos
Formed by geologic aactivities
C. VALLEY

• Also called dale


• Low-lying area of land situated
between hills or mountains
• Formed by the actions of rivers and
glaciers
EXAMPLES OF VALLEY
• Results of the actions of
glaciers
• Created by the movement of
large ice sheets
a. ALPINE GLACIERS

• Alpine glaciers
are formed in
high mountains
B. CONTINENTAL GLACIERS

They are
formed in
cold polar
regions
• Landforms that underwent
sedimentation, erosion or deposition
on the river bed
• If the bodies of water associated
with these landforms interacted with
glaciers or ice caps, they are called
glaciofluvial or fluvioglacial.
TYPES OF FLUVIAL LANDFORMS
A. Delta
• Typically a low-
lying triangular
area located at the
mouth of rivers
where it meets an
ocean, a sea or an
estuary
B. Peninsula
• Also called byland
or biland
• A piece of land
projects into a body
of water & is
connected with the
mainland by an
isthmus.
C. Meander
• A bend in a
sinuous
watercourse of
river
• It is formed when
moving water in a
stream erodes the
out banks then
widens its valley.
D. Sea cliffs

• High rocky coasts


that plunge down
to the edge of the
sea
E. Plains
 Flat & broad land
areas that had no
great changes in
elevation when
measures with
reference to the
mean sea level
F. Plateaus
• Also known as table
lands or flat-topped
mountains
• Results of geologic
uplifts or the slow
movement of large
parts of stable areas
of Earth’s crust

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