Polynomials: Defining Polynomials Basic Operations
Polynomials: Defining Polynomials Basic Operations
Defining Polynomials
Basic Operations
Polynomials
•Polynomials – series of terms joined together by adding or
subtracting
• 4x + 6x2, 20xy - 4, and 3a2 - 5a + 4 are all polynomials.
Binomial: 2 terms
Ex: 3x - 5, or 4xy2z + 3ab
Trinomial: 3 terms
Ex: 4x2 + 2x - 3
Ex: 3x2 + x – 3
3x2 + 1x1 – 3x0
3x2 + 1x – 3x,0 ,Therefore, it is still the same
Polynomials
Example: 4x2 +3x-5
Answer: 3
Answer: 4 and 3
Answer: 5
Property of Terms and Polynomials
Degree –The degree of a polynomial is the highest degree of its terms monomial
x3+3x4+5+x+4x2
3x4+x3+4x2+x+5
Degree of Polynomials
Example: -3x4 – 4x2 + x – 1
Which are the terms are there in example?
Answer: -3x4 ,– 4x2,x, – 1
Which are the degree in the example?
Answer: 4,2,1,0
Which are the coefficient?
Answer: -3,-4,1,-1
Which is degree of this polynomial?
Answer: 4
Which is the constant of this polynomial?
Answer: -1
Basic
Operations
Adding Polynomials
Add: (x2 + 3x + 1) + (4x2 +5)
3) 2a 3a 5a a 4a 3
3 2 3
3a 3a 9a 3
3 2
Subtracting Polynomials
Subtract: (3x2 + 2x + 7) - (x2 + x + 4)
(3x2 + 2x + 7) + (- x2 + - x + - 4)
(3x2 + 2x + 7)
+ (- x2 + - x + - 4)
2x2 + x + 3
Subtracting Polynomials
• Subtract the following polynomials by changing to
addition (Keep-Change-Change.), then add:
(y + 3)(y + 7).
F tells you to multiply the FIRST
terms of each binomial.
y2
Multiplying Polynomials
(y + 3)(y + 7).
O tells you to multiply the OUTER
terms of each binomial.
y2 + 7y
Multiplying Polynomials
(y + 3)(y + 7).
I tells you to multiply the INNER
terms of each binomial.
• y2 + 7y + 3y
Multiplying Polynomials
(y + 3)(y + 7).
L tells you to multiply the LAST
terms of each binomial.
y2 + 7y + 3y + 21=
y2 + 10y + 21
Multiplying Polynomials
The third method is the Box Method. This
method works for every problem!
Here’s how you do it.
Multiply (3x – 5)(5x + 2)
Draw a box. Write a 3x -5
polynomial on the top and
side of a box. It does not
matter which goes where.
This will be modeled in the
5x
next problem along with
FOIL. +2
Multiplying Polynomials
( 6x 3) 3x
2
Dividing Polynomials
Step 1
( 6x 3) 3x
2
2
6x 3
3x 3x
Dividing Polynomials
Step 2
2
6x 3
3x 3x
• Factor each expression
2 3 x x 3
3 x 3 x
Dividing Polynomials
Step 3
2 3 x x 3
3 x 3 x
Divide out the common factors in each expression.
2 3 x
2 3 x x x 3 3 The numbers
3 x 3 x
and variables
3 x 3 x which are
crossed out
divide out to 1.
Dividing Polynomials
Step 4
2 3 x x 3
3 x 3 x
1
2x
x
Dividing Polynomials
8x 3
3x
Divide each term of the polynomial
by the monomial. 24 x 24 x
8 x x
2
3 x
Factor each expression.
3 8 x 3 8 x
8 x x2 3 x
Divide out the common factors in
each expression. 3 8 x 3 8 x
2
x 1
Write in simplified form.
3 8
Dividing Polynomials
(12x 2x 3) 2x
2
12 x 2 2 x 3
Divide each term of the polynomial
by the monomial. 2x 2x 2x
2 6 x x 2 x 3
Factor each expression.
2x 2 x 2x
Divide out the common factors in 2 6 x x 2 x 3
each expression.
2x 2 x 2x
3
Write in simplified form. 6x 1
2x