Scribd
Upload
3K views

DCDA

The document describes the DCDA process for producing sulfuric acid. It involves 4 main stages: 1) Combining sulfur with oxygen to produce sulfur dioxide, 2) Oxidizing the sulfur dioxide with oxygen in the presence of a vanadium pentoxide catalyst to produce sulfur trioxide, 3) Absorbing the sulfur trioxide into concentrated sulfuric acid to form oleum, 4) Adding water to the oleum to produce concentrated sulfuric acid. The DCDA process allows for high sulfuric acid yields of around 99.7% and utilizes the heat produced in the reactions.

Uploaded by

Rushikesh Dhapse
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
3K views

DCDA

The document describes the DCDA process for producing sulfuric acid. It involves 4 main stages: 1) Combining sulfur with oxygen to produce sulfur dioxide, 2) Oxidizing the sulfur dioxide with oxygen in the presence of a vanadium pentoxide catalyst to produce sulfur trioxide, 3) Absorbing the sulfur trioxide into concentrated sulfuric acid to form oleum, 4) Adding water to the oleum to produce concentrated sulfuric acid. The DCDA process allows for high sulfuric acid yields of around 99.7% and utilizes the heat produced in the reactions.

Uploaded by

Rushikesh Dhapse
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 23

SULPHURIC ACID PRODUCTION

(DCDA PROCESS)
CONTACT PROCESS

Presented By
Mr. S. S. Haral
PROPERTIES OF H2SO4:

 Molecular weight: 98.08


 Molecular formula of sulphuric acid is H2SO4
 Melting point: 10.50C
 Boiling Point: 3400C
 Solubility: Completely miscible with water with large
heat of solution. SO3 soluble in H2SO4 to give varying
percentage of oleum.
Structure:
Safety Precautions with Sulfuric Acid
As sulfuric acid is very exothermic (when dissolving in
water), several safety precautions are taken with the
handling, storage, dilution and transportation of sulfuric
acid.
A strong acid which can corrode metals and other
materiSulfuric acid must be stored carefully in containers
made of nonreactive material (such as glass).als .
Sulfuric acid must be stored carefully in containers made
of nonreactive material (such as glass).
Always wear protective googles, gloves and a lab coat, as
concentrated H2SO4 causes serious damage to skin
USES
 Sulfuric acid is one of the most important industrial chemicals.
 "wet method" for the production of phosphoric acid.
 For iron and steel making industry to remove oxides from the surface
of metals.
 Production of fertilizers.
 Manufacture of aluminium sulphate.
 For making hydrochloric acid.
 It is also used in petroleum refining.
 Manufacture of dyestuffs, pigments (such as titanium dioxide),
and solutions.
 Sulphuric acid is the electrolyte in lead-acid (car) batteries.
 It is also used as a general dehydrating agent in its concentrated
form.(detergents).
Methods of Manufacturing

H2SO4

CONTACT
Wet Sulphuric
PROCESS/ CHAMBER
Acid
DCDA PROCESS
Process
PROCESS
DCDA PROCESS
DCDA PROCESS…

 DCDA is Double Contact Double Absorption


Process.
 It is also called as Contact Process.
 Highly used as yield obtained is high.
 More economical and preferable over Chamber
process.
Raw Materials

 Sulphur
 Oxygen
 Water
Chemical Reactions:

 Produce Sulphur dioxide:


S (s) + O2 (g) → SO2 (g) ∆H=-70Kcal
 Oxidise SO2 to SO3:-
2SO2 (g) + O2 (g) → 2 SO3 (g) ∆H=-23kcal
 Formation of H2SO4:-
SO3(g) + H2O (l) → H2SO4 (l) ∆H=-139kJ

 H2SO4(l) + SO3(g) → H2S2O7(l)


 H2S2O7(l) + H2O(l) → 2 H2SO4(l)
FLOW DIAGRAM
FOUR STAGES:

 Combining of sulphur and oxygen.


 Adding excess of oxygen to sulfur dioxide in
presence of catalyst vanadium pentoxide.
 Sulphur trioxide formed is added to sulfuric acid
which gives rise to oleum (disulphuric acid)
 The oleum then is added to water to form sulfuric
acid which is very concentrated
Combining of sulphur and oxygen:

 Sulphur and air are purified (drying with H2SO4)


 Formation of SO2 in burner.
 Exothermic reaction
 Removal of heat by water cooling.
 Passing of gases through gas filter for removal of
dust and impurities.

S (s) + O2 (g) → SO2 (g) ∆H=-70Kcal


Adding of oxygen to SO2

 Done in converter in two stages.


 Stage one-Temperature of 500-600°C & 30%
catalyst bed. Yield of 80% SO3.
 Cooling by heat exchanger. Temperature=300°C.
 Stage two-Temperature of 400-450. Yield of 97%
SO3.
 Catalyst used-Vanadium Oxide.
Oxidise SO2 to SO3:-
2SO2 (g) + O2 (g) → 2 SO3 (g) ∆H=-23kcal
Formation of oleum
 Hot sulphur trioxide passes through the heat
exchanger and is dissolved in concentrated H2SO4
in the absorption tower to form oleum.

H2SO4(l) + SO3(g ) → H2S2O7(l )


Formation Of H2SO4:
 Concentrated H2SO4 is formed.
 Acid is cooled and stored in storage tanks.

 H2S2O7(l ) + H2O(l ) → 2 H2SO4(l )


Advantages of Vanadium Pentoxide

 Good porosity
 Resistance to gases at high temperature
 Pellet form used in packed bed.
 Powder form used in fluidised bed.
 Less sensitive to poison.
 Low initial investment.
IMPORTANT QUESTIONS

 Multistage reactor used----WHY???


 Double Absorption---WHY???
 Oleum is used----Why????
WHY MULTISTAGE REACTOR??

 In stage one high reaction rate.


 Less residence time.
 Less conversion rate i.e 80%.
 Temperature increases.
 Conversion of SO2 decreases.
 To prevent backshift of reaction.
 With two stages conversion increases to 97%.
WHY DOUBLE ABSORPTION??

 Gases leaving first absorption tower have low SO3.


 Double Absorption increases yield upto 99.7%.
 High recovery rate ensured.
 Also called 3+1 configuration.
 Heat produced is used in waste heat
boilers,ecnomisers etc.
Why Oleum???
 Exothermic nature of reaction.
 Direct usage of H2O not preferrable.
 Acidic vapour or mists might be formed instead of
liquid.
 Oleum increases absorption of H2SO4.
Advantages Of DCDA Process:

 High concentration of sulphuric acid (99.7%).


 Utilization of heat.
 Reduces stack gases elimination.
 Utilizes nearly all SO3.

You might also like