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Joint Probability

1. A survey was conducted of 100 engineering students to determine which subjects (Calculus, Physics, Communication) they found most difficult. 2. The survey results were organized into a joint probability distribution table showing the number of students from Section A and Section B finding each subject difficult. 3. The joint probability distribution can be used to calculate probabilities of student attributes and subject difficulties, such as the probability a student from Section A finds Calculus difficult.

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Mercedes
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113 views12 pages

Joint Probability

1. A survey was conducted of 100 engineering students to determine which subjects (Calculus, Physics, Communication) they found most difficult. 2. The survey results were organized into a joint probability distribution table showing the number of students from Section A and Section B finding each subject difficult. 3. The joint probability distribution can be used to calculate probabilities of student attributes and subject difficulties, such as the probability a student from Section A finds Calculus difficult.

Uploaded by

Mercedes
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Joint Probability

Distribution
Group Members:
Filog, Earl Kane
Samdao, Wesley
Pangog, Tranquilino
Aligmayo, Mercedes
Sitan, Greycel
O Joint probability distribution is used to
determine the relationship between two or
more random variables e.g. the variables X
and Y
O It is defined as PX,Y (x, y) = P(X = x, Y = y).
A survey is taken on 100 first year engineering
students to determine which subjects they find
difficult.
Section A Section B
CALCULUS 20 23 43
PHYSICS 20 17 37
COMMUNICATION 10 10 20
50 50 100
Joint Probability Distribution
Section A Section B Total
CALCULUS 0.20 0.23 0.43
PHYSICS 0.20 0.17 0.37
COMMUNICATION 0.10 0.10 0.20
Total 0.50 0.50 1

Example

1. What is the probability of an engineering student finding Calculus


as the most difficult subjects from Section A?
PX,Y (Sec. A, Calculus)=P(X=Sec. A, Y=Calculus)
=0.20

The sum of all the probabilities is 1.


Joint Probability Distribution
Suppose we let the two random variables as
X =1 if the student is from section A
=2 if the student is from section B
And
Y =1 if student find Calculus difficult
=2 if student find Physics difficult
=3 if student find Communication difficult
Joint Probability Distribution
X= 1 X= 2 Total
Y= 1 0.20 0.23 0.43
Y= 2 0.20 0.17 0.37

Y= 3 0.10 0.10 0.20


Total 0.50 0.50 1
Find
1. P(X + Y ≤ 3)
P(X + Y ≤ 3) = P(X = 1, Y = 1) + P(X = 1, Y = 2) + P(X = 2, Y = 1)
= 0.20 + 0.20 + 0.23
= 0.63
2. Pxy(2, 1)= 0.23
Marginal Probability
Distribution
O
Marginal Probability
Distribution
X= 1 X= 2 Total
Y= 1 0.20 0.23 0.43
Y= 2 0.20 0.17 0.37

Y= 3 0.10 0.10 0.20


Total 0.50 0.50 1
Find
1. Px (X=1)
Px(X =1) = P(X = 1, Y = 1) + P(X = 1, Y = 2) + P(X = 1, Y = 3)
= 0.20 + 0.20 + 0.10
= 0.50
2. Py(Y=2)= P(X=1, Y=2)+ P(X=2, Y=2)
=0.20+0.17
=0.37
Marginal Probability
Distribution
Section A Section B Total
CALCULUS 0.20 0.23 0.43
PHYSICS 0.20 0.17 0.37
COMMUNICATION 0.10 0.10 0.20
Total 0.50 0.50 1
The sum of all the probabilities is 1.

Example

1. What is the probability of an engineering student finding Calculus


as the most difficult subject?
P(Calculus)= 0.43
2. What is the probability that the student is from section A?
P(Sec. A)= 0.50
Marginal Probability
Distribution
Section A Section B Total
CALCULUS 0.20 0.23 0.43
PHYSICS 0.20 0.17 0.37
COMMUNICATION 0.10 0.10 0.20
Total 0.50 0.50 1
The sum of all the probabilities is 1.

Example

3. What is the probability that the student find communication difficult


and from Sec. B?
P(Communication ∩ Sec. B)= 0.10
4. What is the probability that the student is from sec. A or finds
physics difficult?
Conditional Probability
Distribution
O
Conditional Probability
Distribution
Section A Section B Total
CALCULUS 0.20 0.23 0.43
PHYSICS 0.20 0.17 0.37
COMMUNICATION 0.10 0.10 0.20
Total 0.50 0.50 1

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