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Introduction To Translation & Interpretation

Power point presentation for introducing translation and language interpretation to linguistics students

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Diba Artsiyanti Basar
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3K views28 pages

Introduction To Translation & Interpretation

Power point presentation for introducing translation and language interpretation to linguistics students

Uploaded by

Diba Artsiyanti Basar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to

TRANSLATION &
INTERPRETATION

By:
Diba Artsiyanti E. Putri
What is Translation

 Many theories stating the definition of


translation, including:
 Newmark (1988): Rendering the meaning of a
text into another language in the way that the
author intended the text.
 Nida & Taber (2004): Translation consists in
reproducing in the receptor language the
closest natural equivalent of the source-
language message, first in terms of meaning
and secondly in terms of style
PRACTICALLY...

Translation is the comprehension of


the meaning of a text and the
subsequent production of an
equivalent text, likewise called a
"translation," that communicates the
same message in another language in
the style and manner that the author
intends to be understood by the
readers.
Type of Translation Work

Written Translation
Language Interpretation
Translation
Challenges in Translating

 Grammar differences  e.g. compound


complex sentences vs. kalimat majemuk
bertingkat
 Foreignization vs. Domestication
 Fidelity vs. Fluency
 Dynamic equivalent vs. Formal equivalent
 Terminology difficulty
Foreignization Vs. Domestication

 Foreignization: a target text deliberately breaks


target conventions by retaining something of the
foreignness of the original  retaining cultural
atmosphere

 Domestication: fluent style is adopted in order


to minimize the strangeness of the foreign text
for target language readers  avoiding cultural
dispute and eliminating cultural barriers to
achieve cultural communication
Fidelity Vs. Fluency

 Fidelity: translation accurately renders the


meaning of the source text, without adding to or
subtracting from it, without emphasizing or de-
emphasizing any part of the meaning, and
otherwise without distorting it

 Fluency: a translation appears to a native


speaker of the target language to have originally
been written in that language, and conforms to
the language's grammatical, syntactic and
idiomatic conventions
Dynamic Equivalent Vs. Formal
Equivalent
 Dynamic Equivalent: conveys the
essential thought expressed in a source text
at the expense, if necessary, of literality,
original sememe and word order, the source
text's active vs. passive voice, etc.
 Formal Equivalent: attempts to render the
text literally, or "word for word" at the
expense, if necessary, of features natural to
the target language
Terminology Difficulty
 A same terminology often has very different
meanings in different field.
 e.g. the term “solution” in Math and Chemistry,
“preparation” in daily conversation, dentistry
and histology
 Clients sometimes use different equivalent for
a same terminology in the same field.
 e.g. premature rupture of membrane 
UNPAD  Ketuban pecah sebelum waktunya,
UI  Ketuban pecah dini
Becoming a Translator:
Necessary Skills & Knowledge
 Master at least two different languages  most translators
translate to his/her native languages
 Love reading and read a lot  familiarity with different
styles
 Knowledge and skills in:
 Linguistics: grammar, morphology, semantics, and pragmatics
 Non-Linguistics: scientific disciplines, literary, etc.  specialist
in certain field/s is preferred by clients/translation agency
 Good in researching terminologies, fast learner good
logical framework. Know how to create good keywords to
look for correct terms
Becoming a Translator:
Necessary Attitude
 Good time management and discipline
 Life-long learner
 Ability to work under tight deadline
 Good team player
 Always open to new knowledge
 Non-defensive attitude
Technical Resources for Translator
 A computer with Internet connection and an
office suite. Master all office softwares,
Acrobat reader, publishing software
(Indesign, etc), CAT Tools (Trados, Wordfast,
etc.)
 Dictionaries and reference books.
 Other good things to have, but not absolutely
required, include desktop publishing software
(such as PageMaker), a translation memory
or
A Translator should avoid…
 Missing the deadline – negotiate before starting
the job and stick with it.
 Translating texts that he/she knows that he/she
does not have capacity of
 Delegating his/her translation work to other
translator/s and send the result to client without
editing it.
 Working without clear agreement or contract
with client
Language Interpretation
What is Language Interpretation
 Language Interpretation is facilitating of oral
or sign-language communication, either
simultaneously or consecutively, between
users of different languages. The process is
described by both the
words interpreting and interpretation.
 Interpreting  the work, the process
 Interpretation  the actual product
Interpreter…
is a person who converts a thought or
expression in a source language into an
expression with a comparable meaning in a
target language in "real time". The
interpreter's function is to convey every
semantic element (tone and register) and
every intention and feeling of the message
that the source-language speaker is directing
to target-language recipients
Translating Vs. Interpreting
TRANSLATING INTERPRETING
 Text to Text  Verbal to Verbal/Sign
 Higher accuracy  As accurate as time
 Use dictionaries allowed
and reference book  No dictionary
 Need good skill and  Need good skill,
knowledge knowledge, and
attitude
Modes of Interpreting

Simultaneous interpreting
Consecutive interpreting
Whispered interpreting
Relay interpreting
Skills needed in Simultaneous
Interpreting
 Familiarity with the content/field to be
interpreted
 Like talking
 Vast vocabularies (No time to see dictionary)
 Ability to speak while listening (at the same
time) – Professional interpreter has the
accuracy of at least 95%
 Ability to mimic the speaker
 Familiarity with interpreting workplace
(instruments, etc.)
Interpreter Device
Interpreter Booth
Types of Interpreting
 Conference Interpreting
 Legal and Court Interpreting
 Escort Interpreting
 Public Sector Interpreting
 Medical Interpreting
 Sign Language Interpreting
 Media Interpreting
Interpreting Modalities
 On-site Interpreting
 Telephone Interpreting
 Video Interpreting
Challenges in Interpreting
 Various dialects, sometimes difficult to
understand
 Speaker speaks very fast
 Winding speech
 Speaker with poor language structure and
grammar skills
 Mixed language (e.g. with local language)
 Loose of concentration
 Forget terminology equivalent
 Cultural differences
 Mental barriers (e.g. medical interpretation)
Books on Interpretation
 Gillies, Andrew (2005) Note-taking for
Consecutive Interpreting
 Taylor-Bouladon, Valerie (2007) Conference
Interpreting — Principles and Practice, 2nd
Edition
 Refer to :
http://interpreters.free.fr/reading.htm
http://www.stjerome.co.uk/index.php
http://www.grantandcutler.com/
THANK YOU

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