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Comparative Analysis of Carburetor and Fuel Injection System

This presentation provides an overview and progress update on a comparative analysis project of carburetor and fuel injection systems using the Apache 160 motorcycle as a case study. The objectives are to analyze emissions, sound levels, performance, efficiency and cost-effectiveness. Work completed so far includes background research on carburetors and fuel injection. Remaining tasks are emission testing, sound analysis, and an economic comparison. Preliminary findings suggest fuel injection provides more precise fuel metering and air-fuel mixing for better power and emissions control compared to carburetors.

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Prabesh Poudel
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458 views

Comparative Analysis of Carburetor and Fuel Injection System

This presentation provides an overview and progress update on a comparative analysis project of carburetor and fuel injection systems using the Apache 160 motorcycle as a case study. The objectives are to analyze emissions, sound levels, performance, efficiency and cost-effectiveness. Work completed so far includes background research on carburetors and fuel injection. Remaining tasks are emission testing, sound analysis, and an economic comparison. Preliminary findings suggest fuel injection provides more precise fuel metering and air-fuel mixing for better power and emissions control compared to carburetors.

Uploaded by

Prabesh Poudel
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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You are on page 1/ 17

November 24, 2010

A PROGRESS PRESENTATION ON

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF
CARBURETOR AND FUEL INJECTION
SYSTEM
(a case study of Apache 160)

Presented by :
Netra Jung Karki (41066)
Prabesh Poudel (41075)
Prajwol Shrestha (41086)
INTRODUCTION TO THE TOPIC
 This project aims to carry out the study and analysis of
different parameters of carburetor and fuel injection fuel
supply systems and also analyses the necessity of either of the
systems for locally available motorbikes.

 Carburetor is the earliest form of fuel supply mechanism to


mix just the right amount of gasoline with air for engine
combustion.

 Replacing the carburetor, fuel injection system has been


developed for reliable and efficient fuel supply to the
combustion process using sensors and electronics.
OBJECTIVES
 To perform emission analysis between carburetor and
fuel injection system

 Analysis of sound level, pick-up, power, efficiency and


economy between the two systems with reference to
Apache 160 model

 Selection of best alternative


WHY APACHE 160 ?
 Bajaj Pulsar 220 DTS-Fi, Hero Honda Karizma ZMR, Apache
RTR 160 Fi, Yamaha FZ16, Yamaha YZF R15 have introduced
fuel injection system in Nepal

 Apache has got both systems in identical engine in terms of cc.


- Apache FI 160 (Fuel Injection system)
- Apache RTR 160 (Carburetor System)
Apache FI 160
(Fuel Injection)

Apache RTR 160


(Carburetor)
CARBURETOR
 Earliest form of fuel supply mechanism for modern automobile
 Essentially a tube with throttle plate, venturi and jet

Schematic Diagram of a simple or elementary


carburetor
CARBURETOR....

 All carburetors work on the “Bernoulli Principle”


 Air flowing through the throat of the carburetor will be at a pressure less
than atmospheric pressure, and related to the velocity (and hence to how
much air is being fed into the engine).
 A choke is simply a plate that can be maneuvered so that it completely (or
very nearly) blocks off the carburetor throat at its entrance.
 The more air that the engine pulls through the carburetor throat, the
greater the pressure drop across the jet, and the more fuel that gets pulled
in.

A motorcyle carburetor
FACTORS INFLUENCING CARBURETION

 The engine speed; the time available for the preparation of the
mixture.
 The vaporization characteristics of fuel.

 The temperature of the incoming air

 The design of the carburetor.


TYPES OF CARBURETORS
- Open choke type - Constant vaccum type
venturi is of fixed dimensions area of the air passage is varied automatically
metering is affected by varying the pressure drop across it pressure drop is kept approximately constant

Basic forms of Carburetor

 Updraught
 Downdraught

 Horizontal
FUEL INJECTION
 fuel is directly supplied to the cylinder in the intake
chamber. Sensors located in such engines will regulate
the flow; electronic system
 three basic sub-systems; fuel delivery , air induction ,
and the electronic control system

Schematic Diagram of simple


EFI system
HISTORY OF FUEL INJECTION
 Electronic fuel injection had its beginnings in Italy by an engineer named Ottavio
Fuscaldo in late 1880s
 in 1949, Stuart Hillborn featured a fuel injected Offenhauser with indirect injection
system
 Chevrolet introduced the Rochester Ramjet in 1957
 GM then in 1975 introduced the first mass produced domestic fuel injection system
on the 1976 model Cadillac Seville
 Later in 1980, the first digital computerized control was introduced for Cadillac called
Digital Fuel injection (DFI), originally conceptualized as a multipoint injection, with
two fuel injectors
 In 1982, Pontiac introduced the single injector throttle body system on its 2.5L 4
cylinder "iron duke" engine
 A technological milestone was reached in 1985 with the introduction of the Multiport
Fuel Injection on its 2.8L used in the Celebrity, Camaro, Cavalier, Citation and a
multitude of other GM division vehicles
 In 1989, the cold start injector was eliminated. In 1990, the mass air flow was
OPERATION CYCLE OF ELECTRONIC
FUEL INJECTION (EFI)

 Air enters the engine through the air induction system


 Fuel injectors are arranged in the intake manifold behind each intake valve
 The ECU pulses the injector by switching the injector ground circuit on, off
 When the injector is turned on, it opens, spraying atomized fuel
 It mixes with the incoming air and vaporizes due to the low pressures in the
intake
 The ECU signals the injector to deliver just enough fuel to achieve an ideal
air/fuel ratio
 The ECU determines the basic injection quantity based upon measured
intake air volume and engine rpm.
 Depending on engine operating conditions, injection quantity will vary
ADVANTAGES OF FUEL INJECTION
WITH RESPECT TO CARBURETOR

 Uniform Air/Fuel Mixture Distribution


 Highly Accurate Air/Fuel Ratio Control

 Superior Throttle Response and Power

 Excellent Fuel Economy With Improved Emissions Control

 Improved Cold Engine Startability and Operation

 Simpler Mechanics, Reduced Adjustment Sensitivity


TYPES OF FUEL INJECTIONS
 Throttle-body injection: Commonly known as TBI, this
system injects fuel at the throttle body.
 Continuous injection: fuel sprays continuously from injector

rather than getting pulsed every time a stroke is given to the


engine.
 Multi-point fuel injection: the fuel is injected into the intake

port along the side of cylinder’s intake valve rather than a


central point.
 Central port injection: tubes along with valves are used to

spray fuel at each intake rather than full throttle body.


 Direct Injection: the nozzle used for injection is placed in the

combustion chamber and the piston causes a depression


when an initial combustion takes place.
RISKS OF FUEL INJECTION

 Due to the high pressure developed in the engine, a fuel


injection system causes some potential hazards

 A residual pressure may remain in the engine even after the


engine is turned off and it may cause an injury to the operator
PROGRESS...
Work targeted for this semester
 Detail study of Carburetor and Fuel Injection

 Detail study about Emission standards


 Sound and Economic Analysis
 Progress report and Presentation

Work completed :
 Study of Carburetor and Fuel Injection

 Study about Emission standards (in progress..)


 Sound Analysis (in progress..)

Remaining Work :
⇑ Economic analysis
CONCLUSION
 As, fuel injection system bikes has been recently
introduced in Nepal, we will find out the importance of it
in present context.
 provide the comparative data between power, economy,
efficiency which can be used for different class of people
for the bike selection.
 Project is running smoothly..

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