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Chapter9 - AdvocacyAgainstCorruption

Corruption involves abuse of power for private gain through acts like bribery, embezzlement, nepotism and kickbacks. It can take many forms, such as bid rigging, conflict of interest, vote buying, misuse of official position, extortion and nepotism. Corruption spreads when opportunities arise with minimal risk compared to benefits, or when faced with issues like career advancement or financial problems. It has ill effects on people through lack of services and justice, unemployment, and health issues, and harms society through lack of respect for government and loss of trust, and hurts economies by decreasing investment and delaying growth. Preventing corruption requires clear business processes, policies on gifts and conflicts of interest,

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924 views

Chapter9 - AdvocacyAgainstCorruption

Corruption involves abuse of power for private gain through acts like bribery, embezzlement, nepotism and kickbacks. It can take many forms, such as bid rigging, conflict of interest, vote buying, misuse of official position, extortion and nepotism. Corruption spreads when opportunities arise with minimal risk compared to benefits, or when faced with issues like career advancement or financial problems. It has ill effects on people through lack of services and justice, unemployment, and health issues, and harms society through lack of respect for government and loss of trust, and hurts economies by decreasing investment and delaying growth. Preventing corruption requires clear business processes, policies on gifts and conflicts of interest,

Uploaded by

Lee Aguila
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Advocacy Against Corruption

What is
CORRUPTION?

• • •
Corruption
• Abuse of private and public office for personal gain. It includes acts
of bribery, embezzlement, nepotism, kickbacks and state capture.
• This is ofteen associated with and reinforced by other illegal
practices.
• Simply defined as receiving, asking for or giving any gratification to
induce a person to do a favor for private gain.
• Misuse of entrusted power for private gain.
Corruption
• An improbity or decay in the decision-making process in which a
decision-maker consents to deviate or demands deviation from the
criterion which should rule his/her decision-making, in exchange for a
reward or for the promise or expectation of a reward, while these
motives influencing his/her decision-making cannot be part of the
justification of the decision.
• In general, it is a form of dishonesty or criminal activity undertaken by
a person an organization entrusted with a position of authority, often
to acquire illicit benefit.
How does corruption look
like?
Bid rigging Conflict of interest Vote buying
Conflict of interest is discrepancy Vote buying becomes an issue mainly
Bid rigging is an illegal between an official’s duties and during elections when the candidates
practice in which competing personal interests where the personal promise to return the favour, give a
parties collude to choose the interests may influence the gift, etc., to those who vote for them.
winner of a bidding process performance of duties. An official or a Vote buying should not be confused
person close to an official has personal with giving away free items (balloons,
while others submit interest in a decision or act that they matchboxes, etc.) during an election
uncompetitive bids. must perform themselves or that they campaign whereby the voter is not
can influence. directly obliged to vote for the
candidate.

Nepotism Misuse ofofficial position Extortion


Nepotism means preferring one’s Corruptive use of a public resource is the practice of obtaining something,
close relatives and in-laws, e.g., when the use of a material or another especially money, through force or
hiring. This also includes cases where resource, intended for the threats.
someone gets a job not because of performance of a public function, by
their skills but based on their party an official in breach of duty, for the
affiliations. Here the smallness of a benefit of the official him or herself or
local government can be a problem – a third person, if this brings an
it is hard to find jobs for people who unequal or unreasonable advantage to
are not related to each other. the official or third person from the
point of view of public interest.
Why and how does a person
become corrupt?
Corruptions spread when there are opportunities, when risk is minimal
in comparison to benefits obtained or when one is confronted with
issues like
• Career advancement
• Earning of more income
• Financial problems caused by illness, loss of property, etc.
Ill effects of corruption
Effects of corruption on people

• Lack of quality in services


• Lack of proper justice
• Chances of Unemployment
• Poor Health and hygiene
• Pollution
• Accidents
• Failure of genuine research
Effects of corruption on Society

• Disregard for officials


• Lack of respect for rulers
• Lack of faith and trust in the governments
• Aversion for joining the posts linked to corruption
Effects of corruption on Economy

• A decrease in foreign investment


• Delay in growth
• Lack of development
• Differences in trade ratios
Characteristics of
corruption
Characteristics of corruption

• Recipient and payers


• Extortion
• Lubricant of society
• An ethical dilemma
• Poverty alleviation
• Culture
• 'Kindness among friends'
Prevention of corruption
Prevention of corruption

• Clear business processes


• Policy on gifts and Entertainment
• Declaration of conflict of interest
• Convenient corruption reporting system
Thanks

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