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Dimensionless Number

This document discusses several dimensionless numbers that are important in engineering. It defines the Reynolds number, Schmidt number, Sherwood number, Biot number, and Lewis number. It also discusses characteristic length and hydraulic diameter. The document concludes with a sample problem asking the reader to calculate these various dimensionless numbers given conditions of gases mixing in a tank.

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Sarang Kumar
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151 views

Dimensionless Number

This document discusses several dimensionless numbers that are important in engineering. It defines the Reynolds number, Schmidt number, Sherwood number, Biot number, and Lewis number. It also discusses characteristic length and hydraulic diameter. The document concludes with a sample problem asking the reader to calculate these various dimensionless numbers given conditions of gases mixing in a tank.

Uploaded by

Sarang Kumar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Dimensionless Numbers

Engineer Zubair Hashmi


Importance Of dimensionless Number
• It is used to predict the behavior of process
which may be find by the experimental
approach but very time consuming and also
expensive
• It is used to scale up the equipment and its
related accessories.
• It may help in designing equipment to relate
different parameters
Hydraulic Diameter

• For the flow which is passes through non-


circular pipes we used hydraulics diameter
instead of diameter while calculating Reynolds
number
Ranges of Reynolds Numbers
• Under most practical condition the ranges of
Reynold’s number
CHARACTERISTIC LENGTH
• Characteristic length is a term commonly used
to represent a typical dimension in a fluid flow
medium when studying it in fluid mechanics.
Sherwood number
• The Sherwood number (Sh) (also called the mass
transfer Nusselt number) is a dimensionless number used
in mass-transfer operation.
• It represents the ratio of the convective mass transfer to
the rate of diffusive mass transport, and is named in honor
of Thomas Kilgore Sherwood.
• It is defined as follows

• where
• L is a characteristic length (m)
• D is mass diffusivity (m2.s−1)
• K is the convective mass transfer film coefficient (m.s−1)
Schmidt number
• Schmidt number (Sc) is a dimensionless
number defined as the ratio of momentum
diffusivity (kinematic viscosity) and mass
diffusivity, and is used to characterize fluid flows
in which there are simultaneous momentum and
mass diffusion convection processes.
• It was named after the German engineer Ernst
Heinrich Wilhelm Schmidt (1892–1975).
• The Schmidt number is the ratio of the shear
component for diffusivity viscosity/density to
the diffusivity for mass transfer D
LEWIS NUMBER
• The Lewis number (Le) is a dimensionless
number defined as the ratio of thermal
diffusivity to mass diffusivity. It is used to
characterize fluid flows where there is
simultaneous heat and mass transfer.
• It is defined as
• The Lewis number can also be expressed in
terms of the Prandtl number and the Schmidt
number
BIOT NUMBER
• An analogous version of the Biot number
(usually called the "mass transfer Biot number
is also used in mass diffusion processes
PROBLEM
• Oxygen and carbon dioxide stored in a vessel separately these two gases
is at temperature of 5 C and 20 C respectively. Pressure is to be maintain
at 150 Kpa. When these two materials exposed with each other in a
mixing tank its mass transfer coefficent become a function of Diffusivity by
the factor of 4 times of D at the velocity of 80 cm/s2. Assume the
kinematic viscosity of mixture is 1.31689 kg/m3. densities of both gases
are 1.0016 kg/m3 and 0.987 kg/m3, if the thermal conductivity is 0.00187
watt/C m2 and it has Cp value of (7/5)R. the mixing tank is rectangular in
shape having dimensions 5:3 in meters . Calculate the following
• Characteristic length
• Hydraulic diameter
• Reynolds Number
• Sherwood Number
• Schmidt Number
• Biot Number
• Lewis Number

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