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Introductionto Geotechnical Engineering

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92 views

Introductionto Geotechnical Engineering

Uploaded by

Kimberly Buenaagua
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Introduction to Geotechnical Engineering

“Why You Should Study

Geotechnical Engineering”

or
“Who Needs a Foundation
Engineer Anyway???”

Dr. Syed Mohamed Ibrahim


PROFESSOR and Director
Department of Civil Engineering
Mohamed Sathak AJ College of Engineering
What is Geotechnical Engineering?

• Application of civil engineering to earthen materials

• Soil
• Rock
• Groundwater
What is the difference between
soil and dirt?

If you can grow food in it, get paid to


analyze it, or get college credit for playing
with it, it’s soil; otherwise it’s dirt.
Branches of Geotechnical Engineering

• Soil Mechanics
• Rock Mechanics
• Foundation Engineering
• Geoenvironmental Engineering
• Geotechnical Earthquake Engineering
• Geologic Engineering
Soil Behavior Introduction

“Concrete and Steel are textbook materials;


Soil is not.”
Soil is heterogeneous

Homogeneous

Heterogeneous
Soil is anisotropic

Anisotropic

Isotropic
Soil is nonconservative
Before After

Conservative

Before After

Nonconservative

(but that doesn’t mean it’s liberal)


Soil is nonlinear

Stress

Strain
Linear

Stress

Strain
Nonlinear
Examples of Geotechnical Projects
Panama Canal

Location: Panama
Completion Date: 1914
Length: 47.8 miles
Cost: $375 Million
Capacity: 14,000 vessels/yr.
Type: Lock canal
Materials: Rock, clay,
concrete
Panama Canal
Panama Canal
Culebra Cut
Panama Canal
Culebra Cut
•The excavation of the cut was one of the greatest areas of
uncertainty in the creation of the canal, due to the unpredicted
large landslides.

•The Americans had lowered the summit of the cut from 59


meters (193 feet) to 12 metres (40 feet) above sea level, at the
same time widening it considerably, and had excavated over 76
million cubic meters m³ (100 M cubic yards).

•Some 23 M m³ (30 M cubic yards) of this material was


additional to the planned excavation, having been brought into the
cut by the landslides.
Examples of Geotechnical Projects
Aswan Dam

Location: Aswan, Egypt


Completion Date: 1970
Cost: $1 billion
Capacity: 5.97 trillion ft3
Type: Embankment
Materials: Rock, clay
Aswan Dam
How do you keep the water out?
Aswan Dam
What about the core?
Aswan Dam
What is a grout curtain?
Examples of Geotechnical Projects
Chunnel

Location: Folkestone, England


Sangatte, France
Completion Date: 1994
Cost: $21 billion
Length: 163,680 feet (31 miles)
Purpose: Railway

Setting: Underwater
Tunnels
Old Way Graduate New Way
Students

Undergraduate
students

Professors
Examples of Geotechnical Projects
Golden Gate Bridge Foundations

Location: San Francisco and


Sausalito, California, USA
Completion Date: 1937
Cost: $27 million
Length: 8,981 feet
Type: Suspension
Golden Gate Bridge (Marin Pier)
1. Start rock dike
(Coffer)
2. Construct crib dike for
the part that is in
water (timber box
filled w/ rock and set
in place).
3. Install sheet piling.
4. Pump area dry.
5. Construct foundation
on rock surface
exposed below water
level.
Examples of Geotechnical “Structures”
Petronas Towers Foundations

Location: Kuala Lumpur,


Malaysia
Completion Date: 1998
Cost: $1.6 billion
Height: 1,483 feet

Stories: 88
Petronas Towers Foundations

Concrete mat

Pile Foundation
“Driven” Pile Foundations
Offshore Pile Foundations
Ground Improvement

Geopier® Rammed Aggregate Piers


Ground Improvement (cont)

Dynamic Compaction
Landslides
Thistle Slide – Spanish Fork Canyon
Mud Slide
Debris Flow (Mudslide with Boulders)
Sinkhole in Guatemala – February 2007
Geoenvironmental Engineering
Compacted Clay Cap for Refinery Site
Earthquake Hazards
(San Andres Fault )
Wasatch Fault (Its your Fault!)

Wasatch Fault – Little Cottonwood Canyon


Wasatch Fault (Is your house safe?)
Fault Rupture

1999 Chi-Chi Taiwan


Earthquake
Fault Rupture

1999 Chi-Chi Taiwan


Earthquake
Strong Ground Motion
Strong Ground Motion
Building Collapse (Turkey)
Liquefaction
Damage
Liquefaction
Damage
Earthquake-Induced Ground Failure

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