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Biodiversity

This document provides information about biodiversity and the classification of organisms. It discusses the five major kingdoms of life and describes the characteristics of animals classified as vertebrates (animals with backbones) including mammals, birds, reptiles, fish and amphibians. Examples are given for different types of vertebrates and some include short video clips about specific animals. The document aims to teach about biodiversity and how organisms are classified.

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Norliyana Ali
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312 views32 pages

Biodiversity

This document provides information about biodiversity and the classification of organisms. It discusses the five major kingdoms of life and describes the characteristics of animals classified as vertebrates (animals with backbones) including mammals, birds, reptiles, fish and amphibians. Examples are given for different types of vertebrates and some include short video clips about specific animals. The document aims to teach about biodiversity and how organisms are classified.

Uploaded by

Norliyana Ali
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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What is the picture show?

SPIDER PORCUPINE
Is it vertebrate or invertebrate?
INVERTEBRATE VERTEBRATE
What can you see?

SNAKE FISH
VERTEBRATE VERTEBRATE
What can you see?

SNAIL FROG
INVERTEBRATE VERTEBRATE
Plant
What can you see from the picture?
 What is biodiversity?

 The wide variety of organisms on earth


is known as biodiversity or biological
diversity.

 Different characteristics for each


organism enable them to adapt and
survive in their environments.
Classification of Organisms
 Organisms are classified based on their
characteristics.
 2 major groups of organisms are the

animal and plant kingdoms.


 Organisms with similar characteristics

are placed under one group.


 Organisms are classified into 5 major

group called kingdoms. They are


animals, plants, fungi, bacteria and very
simple organisms.
BIODIVERSITY

PLANTS ANIMAL

Flowering Non-flowering Invertebrates Vertebrate


Classification of Animals
 Animals are divided into 2 groups : invertebrates
and vertebrates.

Invertebrates Vertebrates
Differences

No Backbone Yes
Body fluid
Support for Skeleton
or hard
body
exoskeleton
Nervous system Efficient
Usually
absent
Invertebrates
 Animals without backbone.
 Some of them are too tiny such as hydra
and amoeba and can be viewed by using
microscope.
 The body systems of the invertebrates are
much simpler.
 Most invertebrates are insects.
 Insects have 3 pairs of legs, 3 sections of
body ( head, thorax and abdomen).
Jellyfish Sea anemone

Amoeba

Spider
Invertebrates

Paramecium

Starfish
Lobster
Worm

Invertebrates

Centipede

Butterfly

Snail
Vertebrates
 Animals with a backbone.
 The backbone serves to protect the spinal cord.

Vertebrate

Mammals Bird Reptile

Fish Amphibian
Mammal
Characteristics of mammals:
 Live on land. Except for certain animal

such as blue whale and platypus which


live in water.
 Breathe through the lungs.

 Body is covered with fur or hair

 Have different types of teeth suited to

different functions.
 Have distinct (jelas) ears and ear pinna.
Example of mammals
 Rabbit
 Giraffe
 Cow
 Whale
 Platypus
 Cheetah
 Have sweat glands in the skin to
release sweat to the surface of the skin.
 Are warm-blooded (homoiothermic).
 Carry out internal fertilization.
 Females suckle the young. Milk is
produced by mammary glands of the
female.
 Brain is fully developed.
 Special cases : platypus, scaly ant-
eater, porcupine, blue whale, and bat.
Special case of mammals

Platypus Porcupine

Scaly ant-eater Blue whale Bat


Special videos on mammals

Elephants have
emotion too.

Swimming
whale.
Giraffe give birth.
Special videos on mammals

Hopping kangaroo. Sea otter is the


marine mammal.
Fish
Characteristics of fish:
 Are aquatic animals.

 Streamlined body helps in swimming.

 Breathe through the gills (‘insang’).

 Body covered with slimy scales

(sisik berlendir).
 Are cold-blooded (poikilothermic).

 Carry out external fertilization.

 Lay eggs(bertelur) without

shell(tempurung).
Example of fish
 Eel
 Shark
 Sea-horse
 Fish
Special video on fish

The great shark.


Amphibian
Characteristics of amphibians:
 Live partly on land and partly in water.

The young can only survive in water.


 Adults breathe through the lungs and the moist

skin. The young breathe through the gills.


 Practice external fertilization.

 Are cold-blooded.

 Have webbed feet (kaki berkulit selaput).

 Lay eggs in the water. Egg have no shell but

coated with a layer of jelly.


 Example of amphibian : frog and

salamander.
Special video on amphibian
Modes of Frog Reproduction

Many frogs lay their eggs in water and then abandon


(meninggalkan) them, but some frogs exhibit unique
and sometimes elaborate reproductive behaviors.
Reptile
 Characteristics of reptile:
 Most live on land but a few reptiles
such as the water snake and turtle live
in water.
 Breathe through the lungs.
 Body covered with hard and dry scales
(sisik keras dan kering).
 Have 1 type of teeth. Teeth are
cone-shaped and sharp.
 Are cold-blooded.
 Carry out internal fertilization.
 Lay egg with shell.
Example of reptile
 Turtle
 Lizard
 Crocodile
 Snake
Special videos on reptiles

Big lizard. Sea turtle…


Bird
Characteristics of birds:
 Live on land. Breathe through lungs.

 Most can fly but some can also swim.

 Body covered with feathers. Feather

help in flight.
 Are warm-blooded. They can maintain

their body temperature.


 Carry out internal fertilization.

 Lay eggs. Eggs have hard shell.


Example of bird
 Parrot
 Sparrow
 Penguin
 Eagle
 Heron
 Duck
Special videos on birds

Hummingbird with flower. Beautiful flamingoes.

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