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Monitoring and Conservation of Animal Genetic Resources

The document discusses monitoring and conservation of animal genetic resources. It states that monitoring population sizes and identifying at-risk breeds through livestock censuses every 5 years is important for conservation. Risk status is determined based on population size, growth trends, and other factors. Higher-risk breeds should be prioritized for conservation through in situ and ex situ strategies like nucleus herds and semen banks. Regular monitoring is key to developing early warning systems and effectively conserving animal diversity.

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Ashish Chauhan
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© © All Rights Reserved
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146 views

Monitoring and Conservation of Animal Genetic Resources

The document discusses monitoring and conservation of animal genetic resources. It states that monitoring population sizes and identifying at-risk breeds through livestock censuses every 5 years is important for conservation. Risk status is determined based on population size, growth trends, and other factors. Higher-risk breeds should be prioritized for conservation through in situ and ex situ strategies like nucleus herds and semen banks. Regular monitoring is key to developing early warning systems and effectively conserving animal diversity.

Uploaded by

Ashish Chauhan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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MONITORING AND CONSERVATION OF

ANIMAL GENETIC RESOURCES

Submitted to-
Dr. S.S Dhaka
Professor
Dept. of Animal Genetics & Breeding
Submitted by-
Ashish Chauhan
2018V01M
INTRODUCTION

• Monitoring and conservation are the most important activities in animal


genetic resources management and are necessary to develop early warning
and response system for proper and effective conservation of animal
genetic resources.

• Conservation of animal genetic resources generally refers to all the human


activities including strategies, plans, policies and other actions undertaken.

• To ensure that the diversity of animal genetic resources being maintained to


contribute to food and agricultural production and productivity, or to
maintain ecological, cultural values of these resources now and in the
future.
• For conservation, the most critical steps are to monitor the population of
breeds over a time interval, identify breed(s) at risk, prioritize the breeds
for conservation, preferably for in situ and apply proper conservation
strategies.
POPULATION MONITORING
• Best way for monitoring the population is to conduct breed wise livestock
census at the time interval of 5 years (which should match with generation
interval).

• Breed wise livestock census can be best utilized to monitor the population
status and trend of the livestock breeds.

• A recognized breed can also be monitored by conducting monitoring


surveys in the breeding area.

• Baseline survey can provide a starting reference point for the monitoring of
the population in future.

• Monitoring survey for specific breed should be conducted at the interval of


5 years in cattle, buffaloes, equines, camels, yak and mithun; and 3 years in
sheep, goat and pig.
DETERMINING RISK STATUS

• The assessment of risk status of livestock breeds or populations is an


important factor in planning of animal genetic resources management,
conservation and genetic improvement.

• After getting demographic information and population growth trend about


the breed, the degree of risk should be assessed.

• Population size, number of breeding animals and rate of population decline


are the most important factors in determining the risk status of a breed.

• Smaller is the population, greater is the risk.


No breeding males or no breeding females

Total population <1000; breeding females


<500; breeding males <5

Total population 1000-10,000; breeding females


500-5,000; breeding males 5-20

Total population 10,000-20,000; breeding


females is 5,000-10,000; breeding males 20-40

Total population >20,000; breeding females >10,000; breeding males >40


• Upgrade/upscale the risk category in view of following factors, by one class
after classifying the risk status considering above population criteria
- Presence of population in less than 75 sq. Km area
- 10% or more degree of introgression per generation
- More than 3% rate of inbreeding per generation
PRIORITIZING BREED FOR CONSERVATION
• When more number of breeds are assigned to same or different risk
classes, then breeds should be prioritize in view of financial expenditure
and available infrastructure which restrict the number of breeds for
conservation at a given time.
• Firstly, prioritize the breeds as per their risk status. Any breed under high
risk status should be given higher weightage or priority for conservation.
Under the same risk category, priority should be given to the most
genetically diversed breed, likewise genetically superior for economically
important and unique traits.
STRATEGIES FOR CONSERVATION
• There is no single method of conservation which is optimal for all situations.

• During taking the decision for optimal conservation strategy, the available
resources and capacities, risk of failure and costs of conservation methods
should be considered.
IN SITU CONSERVATION
• The herds must be managed within the natural environment for that breed
and need to be exposed to conditions prevalent in the field.
• Nucleus herd should be established in respective native tract of particular
breed.
• The existing farms of indigenous breeds should be declared as germplasm
repositories and used for production of quality breeding males and semen.
• Gaushalas can be used for maintaining the purebred animals of different
indigenous breeds.

EX SITU CONSERVATION
• The animals may be kept outside their natural habitat.
• The young males from elite females should be selected and procured. The
males should be reared to maturity under intensive management. The
semen can be utilized in the breeding.
REQUIREMENT FOR MONITORING &
CONSERVATION
THANK YOU

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