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System Analysis in Control System1

The document discusses analyzing control systems using models in the time and frequency domains. It describes analyzing stability, speed of response, steady-state error, and oscillations. Methods like root locus, Bode plots, and Nyquist plots are used to design and improve system controllers.

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Phanindra
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117 views

System Analysis in Control System1

The document discusses analyzing control systems using models in the time and frequency domains. It describes analyzing stability, speed of response, steady-state error, and oscillations. Methods like root locus, Bode plots, and Nyquist plots are used to design and improve system controllers.

Uploaded by

Phanindra
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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System Analysis in Control

system
Once models of a system have been obtained, either in state-space
or transfer function form, we may then analyze these models to
predict how the system will respond in both the time and
frequency domains.

The control systems are often designed to improve stability, speed


of response, steady-state error, or prevent oscillations.

To design and improve the effectiveness of the system/ controller


we use root locus, Bode plot and nyquist plot
Time Response
• Represent state of a dynamic system changes in time when subjected to a
particular input
• The time response of a linear dynamic system consists of the sum of
the transient response which depends on the initial conditions and
the steady-state response which depends on the system input

Frequency Response
• LTI system – If input to system is sinusoidal, then steady state
output will be sinusoidal with different magnitude and phase.
• These magnitude and phase differences are a function of the frequency and
comprise the frequency response of the system.
• we can plot both its magnitude and phase (the Bode Plot) or its position in
the complex plane (the Nyquist Diagram).
• Both methods display the same information, but in different ways.
Stability
System Order
• The order of a dynamic system is the order of the highest derivative of its
governing differential equation.
• The important properties of first-, second-, and higher-order systems are as
follows

First order System


It includes mass damper system and RC circuits. The form of a first-order
transfer function is

Where parameter kdc and T define character of first order system

Kdc – Dc gain. From final value theorem, kdc=b/a

T is time constant, T=1/a


• First order system has single real pole and no zeros
S=-a (s+a)
System will be stable if a is positive and system is unstable if a is negative

Example:

To analyze LTI system, linearSystemAnalyzer(‘step’,G)


Right click step graph, system metrics – Peak response, settling time, rise time
and steady state
For phase and margin, bode(G)
Second order system
• It exhibit oscillations
• It includes mass-spring damper system and RLC circuit
• Transfer function,

• DC gain , kdc=1/k
• Damping raio, ζ= b/2*sqrt(km)
• Frequency, wn=sqrt(k/m)
• Second order Tf has two poles
Under damped system, ζ<1 = system is stable but oscillates while approaching
steady state value
Overdamped system, ζ>1 = system is stable and doesnot oscillate
Critically damped system, ζ=1. Quickest settling time is achieved
Undamped system, ζ=0. System is marginally stable since poles are imaginary
and step response oscilates.

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