The Sexual

SELF
What is ‘Sexuality’?
•Quite a new term
•English, French and German usage at end
of 18th century
•Usually meant reproduction through sexu
al activity among plants and animals
•Used in relation to love and sex matters in
European discourse in the 1830s

2
Mirriam Webster (2013):

“The quality or state of being sexual”

3
 General theoretical definition
Sexuality … [is] an historical construction which brings toget
her a host of different biological and mental possibilities, an
d cultural forms — gender identity, bodily differences, repro
ductive capacities, needs, desires, fantasies, erotic practices,
institutions and values — which need not be linked together,
and in other societies have not been.
Weeks, J (2003: 7) Sexuality: Second Edition, Routledge

4
4
• 4 intertwining strands of sexuality:
– Sexual desire or attraction
• To whom (or in some cases what) s
omeone is attracted (physically an
d emotionally)
– Sexual activity or behaviour
• What a person does or likes to do
sexually (intercourse, masturbation
, oral sex, sexual fetishes)

5
 – Sexual identity
• How someone describes their sense o
f self as a sexual being (e.g. heterosex
ual, bisexual, lesbian, gay, homosexua
l)
– Sexual experience
• Observations of others’ sexualities; ed
ucation or training related to sexualit
y; experiences that may not have bee
n consensual
• No clear boundaries!
6
 Sex

• biological differences between males and fem

ales
• chromosomes (female XX, male XY)
• reproductive organs (ovaries, testes), hormone
s (oestrogen, testosterone)
• sex does not change from birth, gender can.
7
 Gender

• masculinity or femininity

8
 Gender Identity
• personal experience of one's own gender
• formed by age three
• assigned sex at birth
• person's social identity in relation to members
of society

9
 Gender Dysphoria

• previously called "gender identity disorder"

or GID in the DSM
• experience significant discontent with the s
ex acquired at birth and/or the gender role
s associated with that sex

10
 Lust
• is an emotion or feeling of intense desire i
n the body
• lust for food as distinct from the need for fo
od
• psychological force producing intense wanti
ng for an object, or circumstance fulfilling th
e emotion. 11
 Sexual Orientation
patterns of emotional, romantic, and sex
ual attraction—and our sense of personal
and social identity based on those attracti
ons
Sexual Orientation
A continuum
Dynamic
Asexual
Bisexual
Heterosexual
Homosexual
Pansexual
 sexual behavior
Sexual practices –i.e. whether he/she eng
ages in heterosexual or homosexual activi
ty such as:
Heterosexual
Homosexual
Bisexual
Transsexual
Polyamorous
To be a heterosexual
personally significant and meaningful
romantic and/or sexual attraction pri
marily to adults of opposite sex.
 To be a homosexual
personally significant and meaningful roma
ntic and/or sexual attraction to same sex a
dults
To be an openly gay
◦personal social integration with one’s ho
mosexuality, including being “out” by fully
accepting one’s homosexuality and sharin
g about it with friends, family
 To be a bisexual
personally significant and meaningful rom
antic and/or sexual attraction to both adul
t males and females
need not be equally attracted to both sexes
.
 To be gender dysphoric

longstanding level of discontent with o

ne’s birth sex and/or gender roles
Scientific research sugge
sts gender identity issues ar
e mostly biological in natur
e.
 E.g. transsexuals

◦gene that makes them less sensitive to

androgens/or female hormones

◦significant structural differences betwe

en most male and most female brains
Nurture Issues in Gender Identity
Influences on Sexuali
ty
 Hormones
Both produce estrogen & testosterone
Estrogen decline with age in women slows gr
owth of vaginal cells =>wall thinning, drynes
s & decreased sensitivity
Testosterone levels remain constant in aging
women => increase sexual desire
Aging decreases testosterone in men => decr
ease sexual desire and quality & quantity of
erections
 Ethnicity
Ethnicity can affect our sexual behaviors, fr
equency, attitudes, communications
◦African American men & women => multi-
partners
◦White & Hispanic women likely involved i
n a variety of sexual behaviors
◦White women are more likely give & recei
ve oral sex
 Religion
In general, the more religious a person is
the:
◦more conservative their sexual attitudes and beh
avior
◦less they have premarital intercourse
◦less they engage in risky sexual behavior
◦less they approve of oral sex
◦more guilt they experience about sexual behavio
r
Psychosexual Stages o
f
Growth and Development
of Sigmund Freud
29
 Puberty
Sexualized Behaviors

Doorway to Adul
thood
Puberty refers to the bo
dily changes, while adolesce
nce is the period of psychological
and social transition
•Primary Sex Characteristics
anatomical traits essential to repro
duction

•Secondary Sex Characteristics

Physical traits not essential to repro
duction influenced by male and fe
male hormones
Thelarche
◦ Breast, scrotum testes
Adrenarche
◦pubic and/or underarm hair
Menarche Gonadarche
◦ growth of ovaries in girls and of testes in bo
ys and to an increase in the production of the
sex steroids and testosterone.
Menopause Climacteric:

Females =>ovarian function in

& estrogen production

Males =>testosterone
The Sexuality Matrix

37
 God created man with a regular
need for a woman.
God commanded the man’s wife
to see to it that his need is met.
Do yourself and everyone else a
favor, devote at least 15 minutes ev
ery few days to totally pleasing your
man.
from the Author
“Purity Culture and Sex as a Duty.”
 Sex As A Divine Gift
All that God has given us is good.
And everything that he does has the purpo
se of revealing his glory.

Sex is one of the divine gifts that God has p

rovided for our happiness.
 Sex is the power to creat
e life, and it is natural tha
t there are specific guidel
ines on the use of this pri
vilege.
The Sexual Relations
hip
It isn’t just a physical and sexu
al pleasure, but also one that i
s mental and spiritual.
Sex used in a distorted
form is the reason for t
he suffering of many f
amilies.
Chastity: Exercising Loyalty
One attractive young friend couple were so happy an
d in love people couldn't help feeling happy around t
hem. After a few years of being married, a tragic acci
dent made the wife a quadriplegic. This made their p
hysical relationship difficult. Her husband cared for a
nd loved her even more. She was willing to let him go
and "be happy" with someone else, but he stood firm
ly by her. Today, over 20 years later, they say they lo
ve each other more than ever.

This is the kind of divine love which transcends sexua

l desires.
Sex: complement to a divine marriag
eSpencer W. Kimball said,
“A person can feel immediately attracted t
o another, but love goes beyond physical a
ttraction. It is something deep, inclusive an
d comprehensive. Physical attraction is onl
y one of several elements; there must be fa
ith, trust, understanding and unity. There
must be common ideals and standards. Th
ere must be great devotion to one another
and fellowship.
Love includes purity, progress, sacrifice and selfl
essness. That kind of love never tires or wanes, b
ut continues to live in the midst of sickness and s
orrow, poverty and privation, triumphs and disa
ppointments, in time and in eternity. For the lov
e to continue to exist there must be a steady incr
ease in confidence and understanding, sincere a
nd frequent expressions of gratitude and affecti
on. Each must forget yourself and worry constan
tly with each other. Interests, hopes and goals ar
e to continuously converge to the same point.”
Safe sex?

The answer does not come fro

m the best control and condo
ms. Try a wedding ring.
The urgent need to teach children an
d protect them so that they find real
happiness
Teach your children the sacredness of sex in marriage.
Bednar says sex is not a “curiosity to be explored, one a
ppetite to be satisfied, or a type of recreation or entertain
ment."
Teach your children what God actually does expect of a
man and a woman in relation to sex and marriage. To in
vest time and patience in marriage through the example
that you teachers/parents have given and not what socie
ty teaches. They will not only experience sex as God wa
nts it when they get married, but also the divine happine
ss that follows in keeping his laws.
Self discovery is Self Care.
Self Care is not Self indulgence.
Self Care is Self Respect.
Sexually
Transmitted
Infections
(STIs)
Overview
Definition of STIs: “What are they?”
Transmission: “How are they spread?”
Types of infection:
◦ Bacterial (Chlamydia, LGV, Gonorrhea, Syphilis)
◦ Viral (HSV, Hepatitis B, HIV, HPV)
◦ Parasitic (Pubic lice, scabies, trichomoniasis)
Prevention: “How can I protect myself?”
Testing: “Where can I go for help?”
 Sexually Transmitted Infections
Infections that are most commonly p
assed through sexual contact:
◦Oral
◦Vaginal
◦Anal
◦Skin-to-skin
BODY FLUIDS: Which one’s are
considered infectious?
Semen Saliva
Vaginal fluid Tears
Blood Sweat
Fluid in sores or blist Urine
ers Ear wax
METHODS OF TRANSMISSION:
Low Risk or No Risk

Abstaining Sharing lip balm

Hugging Mutual monogamy
Kissing Massage
Holding hands Sharing forks, knives,
Dancing etc.
Sitting on toilets
METHODS OF TRANSMISSION:
High Risk
Sexual Intercourse
vaginal
anal
oral
Blood-to-blood contact
Sharing needles or other drug-use equipm
ent
Tattoo or body piercing
Infected mother to her baby
 Bacterial vs. Viral STI’s
Bacterial STI’s include Chl Viral STI’s include HPV, HIV
amydia, gonorrhea & syp , Herpes, & Hepatitis B
hilis
There is NO cure
Can be treated and cured
Medication available to tre
with antibiotics
at symptoms only
Untreated infection can c
Can pass onto others for th
ause PID, infertility, & epi
e rest of your life
didymitis
Chlamydia
The most common bacterial STI
15 to 24 years old
Untreated, it can affect the cervix and urethra
, and occasionally the rectum, throat and eye
50% have NO symptoms - men and women
Can be treated with antibiotics
CHLAMYDIA
CHLAMYDIA - Epididymitis
GONORRHEA
2nd most common bacterial STI
aged 15 to 29
Can be treated with antibiotics
Often NO symptoms, especially in female
s
 GONORRHEA: Signs & Symptoms
Female Male
◦Increased vaginal disc ◦Thick, yellowish-gree
harge n discharge from peni
◦Painful urination s
◦Lower abdominal pai ◦Painful urination
n ◦Testicular pain or sw
◦Bleeding after sex an elling
d between periods ◦Rectal pain, discharg
◦Pain during sex e or itching
GONORRHEA
SYPHILIS
A bacterial infection that progresses in stages
◦Primary: (3 days – 3 months) starts as a sm
all, painless sore called a chancre; goes awa
y on it’s own
◦Secondary: (2 – 24 weeks) rash on the body
, palms of hands & soles of feet, hair loss, fe
eling sick
◦Latent: lesions or rashes can recur
SYPHILIS - Complications
Untreated syphilis may lead to tertiary syp
hilis, which can damage:
◦The cardiovascular system (heart & blood
vessels)
◦The neurological system
◦Other major organs of the body
◦Complications may lead to death
 Genital Herpes
(Herpes Simplex Virus - HSV)
Two types: HSV-1, causing cold sores, and HSV-2, causin
g genital herpes
It is a viral infection causing outbreaks of painful sores a
nd blisters
Spread through direct vaginal, oral or anal sexual contac
t with an infected partner; Also transmitted by receiving
oral sex from a partner with a history of cold sores
Symptoms can be treated with antiviral medications, but
NO CURE
Genital Herpes
Hepatitis B (HBV)
Virus that attacks the liver
Most infected people (90%) naturally produce
antibodies to fight the disease, but some devel
op chronic HBV and will carry the virus for the r
est of their life
Chronic infection can lead to liver damage, cirr
hosis, and cancer
There is NO CURE, but vaccination can prevent
infection
Hepatitis B
Woman suffering from liver cancer caused by HB
V

Photo courtesy of Pat

ricia Walker, MD
Human Papilloma Virus or HPV
(Genital Warts)
One of the most common STIs
About 75% of people will have at least one HPV i
nfection during their lifetime
There are over 100 types of HPV
Low-risk HPV types cause genital warts
High-risk HPV types may cause cancer of the cer
vix
There is NO CURE, but vaccination is available to
prevent certain types of HPV
HPV – Signs & Symptoms
Many people with low-risk types have no sy
mptoms
Other HPV types may cause:
◦Warts on vulva, cervix, penis, scrotum, anu
s or in the urethra
◦Itchiness
◦Discomfort and bleeding during sex
 HIV/AIDS
HIV is a virus that destroys the immune system o
ver time, robbing the body of its ability to fight ot
her infections and illnesses
Once the immune system is weakened, other inf
ections occur and AIDS develops (the fatal stage
of HIV infection)

blood, semen, vaginal secretions & breast milk

 Pubic Lice & Scabies
Pubic lice: tiny crab-like insects that nest i
n pubic hair & bite their host to feed on bl
ood
Scabies: mites that burrow below the surfa
ce of the skin to lay their eggs
Can live for 1 – 3 days on bedding, towels
and clothing
Treated with medicated creams & lotions
Pubic Lice
Scabies mite
STI Prevention
X sexual intercourse (100% effective)
X needles or other drug-use equipment
1 mutually faithful, uninfected sexual part
ner
Get tested before having sex
Latex condom & spermicide
X alcohol & other drugs
 When should I get tested?
Once you become sexually active, you need a
check-up & STI testing once a year
You also need an STI test if:
◦You didn’t use a condom or the condom broke
◦Your partner has an STI
◦Your partner is having sex with someone else
◦You have ever injected drugs
◦You or your partner have any STI symptoms
◦You have been raped
Where to go for help:
Parents
Health Teacher
Health Unit Clinic
Family Doctor or Nurse Practitioner
Walk-in-clinic
Hospital Emergency Department
 Types of Contraception
1. Barrier contraceptives
2. Hormonal contraceptives
3. Sterilization

Note: No single method of birth contro

l is the “best” one.
Abstinence is the only 100% effective w
ay to prevent pregnancy and STD’s
Types: MALE CONDOMS
Male Condom, Cont.
Female Condom
Female Condom, cont…
 Vaginal Ring

 The birth control ring releases the hor

mones progestin and estrogen
 ring for three weeks, take it out for the
week you have your period, and then p
ut in a new ring
 Intrauterine Device
 99% effective at preventing pregnancy
 Copper IUD: Can stay for up to 10 years
 Interferes with sperm, fertilization, and prevent
s implantation
 Hormonal IUD: Can stay for up to 5 years
 It releases a small amount of hormone each day
to keep you from getting pregnant.
Hormonal Methods
 Methods that prevent the release of
an egg (ovulation)
NO hormonal methods reduce cha
nces of STD’s!
Oral Contraceptiv
es
Birth Control Patc
h
Birth Control Sh
ot
 Emergency Contraception
 “morning after pill”
 Can be taken up to 3-5days AFTER
Sterilization
Vasectomy
Tubal ligation or “tying tubes.”
 DEVELOPMENT
Secondary Sex Characteristics
Human Reproductive System
At the end of the lesson, the students will be able to:
1.Compare and Contrast the development of male and female secondary sex
characteristics and human reproductive system
2.Appreciate the value of one’s body /Characterization of oneself.
3.Observe today’s youth in terms of their ways of improving hygiene practice
s.
THANK YOU!