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Text Explanation

This document provides information about explanation texts, including their definition, purpose, types, structure, and linguistic features. Explanation texts describe how or why things happen through a sequence of events or reasons. They can be categorized as sequential or cause-and-effect explanations. A typical explanation text structure includes a title, opening statement, clear ordered paragraphs, and concluding paragraph. They often use action verbs, present tense, technical terms, and conjunctions. The document also provides an example of an explanation text about earthquakes and discusses the passive voice.

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214 views

Text Explanation

This document provides information about explanation texts, including their definition, purpose, types, structure, and linguistic features. Explanation texts describe how or why things happen through a sequence of events or reasons. They can be categorized as sequential or cause-and-effect explanations. A typical explanation text structure includes a title, opening statement, clear ordered paragraphs, and concluding paragraph. They often use action verbs, present tense, technical terms, and conjunctions. The document also provides an example of an explanation text about earthquakes and discusses the passive voice.

Uploaded by

diva
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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XI IPA

Chapter 8 : Explain This!


We going to learn about

01
EXPLANATION TEXT

02 TYPES of EXPLANATION TEXTS

03 STRUCTURE of an EXPLANATION TEXT

04 PASSIVE VOICE
EXPLANATION TEXT

“
An explanation text is a

non-fiction text that is used to describe how or why things happen. It usu
ally includes a sequence of events (explaining how) and
provides reasons for a process or phenomenon (why).
“
For examples:
{ Rain
{ The water cycle
{ Earthquakes

DO YOU UNDERSTAND, FRIENDS?


SOCIAL FUNCTION /
PURPOSE

An explanation text is used to


describe how or why a certain phenomenon happens.
TYPES of EXPLANATION TEXTS
Explanation texts are categorized according to the type of process they describe.
Types of explanation texts are:

1. Sequential Explanat 2. Cause and Effect Explanat


ion ion
Explanations that describe natural and n Explanation text that links cause
on-natural phenomena, and effect in explaining how and
why an event occurred,
for example life cycles.
for examples volcanoes.
STRUCTURE of an EXPLANATION TEXT
1. GENERAL STRUCTURE

01 A title that identifies the topic to be explained

An opening statement that identifies the pr


02 ocess to be explained

A clear order of paragraphs that describe how


03 and why
A concluding paragraph that puts all the
04 information together

05 Finally, a visual text (a labeled image)


LINGUISTIC FEATURES
ON EXPLANATION TEXT

o Focuses on general group rather than specific


o Use of linking words like in general,rather,for instance.

o Use of action verbs like breaks, erupts.

o Use of present tense like is, wake , are.

o Reference to people should not be given

o Passive voice may be used

o Use of technical terms and language relevant to the subject

o Conjunctions should be used to make connections like and,but.

o Gives a detailed description to create a rich meaning.


Earthquakes
Earthquakes being among the most deadly natural hazards strike without any prior war
ning, leaving catastrophe in their wake with terrible loss of human lives as well as econ
omic loss.

Technically, an earthquake (also known as tremor, quake or temblor) is a kind of vibrati


on through the earth's crust. This vibration occurs as a result of powerful movement of
rocks in the earth's crust. These powerful movements trigger a rapid release of energy
that creates seismic waves that travel through the earth. Earthquakes are usually brief,
but may repeat over a long period of time. (Earth Science. 2001)

Earthquakes are classified as large and small. Large earthquakes usually begin with sli
ght tremors but rapidly take form of violent shocks. The vibrations from a large earthqu
ake last for a few days known as aftershocks. Small earthquakes are usually slight tre
mors and do not cause much damage. Large earthquakes are known to take down buil
dings and cause death and injury (Richter, 1935). According to some statistics, there m
ay be an average of 500,000 earthquakes every year but only about 100,000 I can be f
elt and about 100 or so can cause A “ damage each year.

Earthquakes are dreaded by everyone.


PASSIVE VOICE
When emphasis is on the action (verb) and th
e object of a sentence rather than the subject
of a sentence.

It means that
It means that the action is
more important than the s
ubject o Examples:
o A letter is written by me
o America was discovered by Columbus
even when the subject is
o Macbeth was written by Shakespeare
subject is unknown known, it is put at
o The door was opened by his son
the end.
o The new ideas were suggested by Edo
A letter is written by me
O VERB 2 S
 America was discovered by Columbus

 Macbeth was written by Shakespeare

 The door was opened by his son

 The new ideas were suggested by Edo


C H A N G I N G AC T I V E VO I C E TO
PA S S I V E VO I C E
• Identify the subject, the verb, and the object.
• Change the object into subject
• Put the suitable helping verb and auxiliary verb
• Change the verb into the past participle form
• Add the preposition “by”
• Change the subject into object

Active Voice Passive Voice

The teacher is going to explain The Lesson is going to be


the lesson explained by the teacher
She closed the door. The door was closed by her
Section Break
Thank you

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