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7QC Tools

The 7 QC tools are statistical methods used to identify and address problems. The 7 tools are: check sheet, Pareto chart, cause-and-effect diagram, flow chart, histogram, scatter diagram, and control chart. The Pareto chart sorts problems by frequency to identify the most impactful few issues to address first. The cause-and-effect diagram maps the potential causes of a problem in a fishbone structure. Flow charts visually illustrate process steps to find weaknesses or improvements.

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748 views

7QC Tools

The 7 QC tools are statistical methods used to identify and address problems. The 7 tools are: check sheet, Pareto chart, cause-and-effect diagram, flow chart, histogram, scatter diagram, and control chart. The Pareto chart sorts problems by frequency to identify the most impactful few issues to address first. The cause-and-effect diagram maps the potential causes of a problem in a fishbone structure. Flow charts visually illustrate process steps to find weaknesses or improvements.

Uploaded by

Techmate Technologies
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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7 QC TOOLS

7Q.C Tools introduction –

 7 QC Tools are simple statistical tools which is used for


problem solving .
 These tools were introduced in japan by quality guru demining
& juran but kaoru ishikawa compiled these tools to eliminate
these problems .hence ishikawa known as father of 7 QC tools
& Quality circle .
 With the help of 7 QC tools we can eliminate 95 percent
problems of any process.
 7 QC tools used to find the root cause of a problems and
eliminate them. We eliminate 95 %
problems

Step to implementing 7 QC tools-


1. Data collecting
2. Analyzing data
3. Identifying root causes
4. Mesuring the result
Types of 7 Q.C Tools –

1. Check sheet

2. Pareto chart

3. Fish bone diagram

4. Histogram

5. Scatter diagram

6. Flow chart /stratification

7. Control charts
1. Check Sheet-

 Check sheet used for data collection.


 Check sheet aim to systematically recording of data.
 Check sheet have no standard format, it can be designed on the basis of requirement .
 Check sheet makes data to understand easily.

S.no Type of defect In 3 lot Check sheet


1 Dent 33
2 Rust 69 S.no Type of defect 1st lot 2nd lot 3rd lot
1 Dent 10 11 12 33
3 Under fill 21 2 Rust 15 41 13 69
4 Overfill 46 3 Under fill 0 21 0 21
5 Scratches 57 4 Overfill 14 32 0 46
6 Cracks 47 5 Scratches 12 33 12 57
6 Cracks 2 21 24 47
7 Undersize 102
7 Undersize 78 12 12 102
8 Oversize 60 8 Oversize 32 15 13 60
Total 435 Total 163 186 86 435
Before check sheet After check sheet
120 120.0
2. Pareto Chart -
102
100 100.0
100.00
 Pareto chart invented by Mr. velfredo pareto. 95.17
87.59
80 80.0
 Pareto chart is used to prioritize the problems. 69
77.01

60 66.21
60 57 60.0
 Pareto chart always shown in decreasing order 53.10 47 46
QTY
Commulative %
only 40 39.31 40.0
33
 Pareto chart have two y axis out of them one axis
21
contains defect frequency and other y axis 20
23.45
20.0
contains cumulative percentage and 1 x axis
which represent the name of defect. 0 0.0

 Pareto chart contains two type of chart first is


column chart and second is line chart.

 Pareto chart also known as 80:20 rule It means


80% problems are due to 20% cause ,so we need
to identify those 20% cause and action to be
taken.(OR vital few trivial many)
Difference between Pareto chart & Histogram
Pareto chart Histogram

1. Pareto chart have two y axis 1. Histogram have only one y axis

2. Pareto chart always shown increasing 2. It varies according to data collected


to decreasing order
3. Pareto is the combination of bar and 3.It have only bar chart
line chart
4. Pareto chart shows represents 4.Histogram does not contains any
percentage contribution of each defect percentage contribution
3. Causes & Effect Diagram – MAN MACHINE ENVIRONMENT

 Causes & effect diagram discovered


Primary causes
by the Professor Kaoru Ishikawa.
 Causes & effect diagram is also Causes
known as Ishikawa Diagram OR Fish name
Bone Diagram because its looks like a (DENT)

fish.
 it is the tools that represent the
systematic relationship between a
result and its possible causes.
 This tool systematically generate MATERIAL METHOD MEASUREMENT
ideas about causes for problems to
present these in a structured form. Note- In fish bone diagram we find all possible
 Place problem statement in a box on
causes of a problems
right hand side.
 Draw the major cause category boxes
on the left hand side.
 Fishbone diagram is a tool to identify
potential causes only not the root
cause.
 Before it based on 4M analysis but
now it based on 6M analysis
 It performed by brainstorming
method.
Flow chart symbols

4. Flow Chart / Stratification-

Purpose-

 Visual illumination of sequence of


operations required to complete the task.
 Schematic drawing of the process to
measure or improve.
 Potential weakness in the process are
made visual.
 Actual picture of process as it should be.

Benefits-

 Easy to identifying process improvement.


 Understand the process.
 It shows non value added steps in process
 It shows working relationship between
workers & top management .
4. Flow Chart Example-

Start

Check part

Rework the
Ok/ NG
part
NG

OK

Put in OK Bin

Perform Dispatch the


documentation material
5. Histogram-

What is histogram-
 A histogram is the most commonly used graph that shows frequency distribution.
 Histogram represents a same value how many times comes in a continuous measurement.
 histogram helps in summarize data which makes easy to understand.
 Histogram represents data graphically in bar form which makes easy to find uncertainty
 Histogram helps to find quickly is the process capable of meeting my customer specification or
not
Difference in Histogram & bar Chart-

 There are no gaps between the bars in histograms


 The area of each bar is proportional to the frequency that it represent .

When to use Histogram-

 When data are numerical.


 When we need to identifying data distribution is normal or not
 When analyzing whether a process meet the customer requirements or not
 When we need to identifying process change over a period of time.
 When we need to identifying observation are in lower side or upper side.
5. Histogram-
Types of histogram –
1. Normal distribution (bell shape curve) -
In normal distribution, points are likely to occur
On one side of the average as on other. All statistical
Calculations must be used to prove a normal Distribution
2. Skewed Distribution-
5. Histogram-
 A tool to study the relationship between two variables is known as scatter diagram.

 A scatter diagram used where one need to know the relationship between two
variables.
 Or where we need to know either the relation is exist or not between two variables.

 It plotting a series of points representing several observations on a graph in which one


variable is on X axis and other variable are in Y axis .
Types of relation-
 If relation exist between two variable it may be
1. Positive Co-relation Strong Co-relation
Weak Co-relation
possible Co relation
2. Negative Co-relation Strong Co-relation
Weak Co-relation
possible Co relation
3. No relation Neither strong nor weak relation
6. Scatter Diagram-

A. No correlation B. Possible Positive correlation C. Strong positive correlation

D. Possible negative correlation E. Strong Negative correlation


7. Control charts-

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