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Jai Naraian Vyas University: Nature and Purpose of Planning

This document discusses the concepts of planning, including definitions, characteristics, importance, levels, and the planning process. It defines planning as deciding in advance what is to be done, when, where, how, and by whom. Planning bridges the gap between the current status and the desired future state. It is goal-oriented, pervasive, continuous, and involves choice. Planning reduces uncertainty, utilizes resources better, and improves organizational effectiveness. The planning process involves setting objectives, identifying alternatives, selecting the best alternative, and developing supporting plans. Key elements are setting objectives, identifying programs, and selecting the optimal program. Limitations include rigidity, misdirected planning, and rapid changes that are hard to plan for.

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Rahul Sharma
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64 views

Jai Naraian Vyas University: Nature and Purpose of Planning

This document discusses the concepts of planning, including definitions, characteristics, importance, levels, and the planning process. It defines planning as deciding in advance what is to be done, when, where, how, and by whom. Planning bridges the gap between the current status and the desired future state. It is goal-oriented, pervasive, continuous, and involves choice. Planning reduces uncertainty, utilizes resources better, and improves organizational effectiveness. The planning process involves setting objectives, identifying alternatives, selecting the best alternative, and developing supporting plans. Key elements are setting objectives, identifying programs, and selecting the optimal program. Limitations include rigidity, misdirected planning, and rapid changes that are hard to plan for.

Uploaded by

Rahul Sharma
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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JAI NARAIAN VYAS UNIVERSITY

NATURE AND PURPOSE OF PLANNING

Presented To:- Presented By:-


Dr Meeta Nihalani Priyanka Nagpal
Rahul Sharma
Rajesh Matnani
WHAT IS PLANNING
 In simple words, planning is deciding in advance
what is to be done, when where, how and by
whom it is to be done.
 It includes the selection of objectives, policies,
procedures and programmes from among
alternatives.
 It is an attempt on the part of manager to
anticipate the future in order to achieve better
performance.
CONCEPT OF PLANNING
 Planning bridges the gap from where we are to
where we want to go.

FUTURE IMAGE
CURRENT STATUS GAP (Where we want
(Where we are) to go)

Planning bridges this gap


Definitions of Planning

 "Planning is an intellectual process, conscious determination of course


of action, the basing of decision on purpose, facts and considered
estimates."
Koontz and O' Donnll.
 "Planning is the thinking process, the organized foresight, the vision
based on fact and experience that is required for intelligent action."
Alford and Beatt

 "Planning is deciding in advance what is to be done. When a manager


plans, he projects a course of action for further attempting to achieve a
consistent co-ordinate structure of operations aimed at the desired
results.
- Theo Haimann
CHARACTERISTICS OF PLANNING

Characteristics of planning

Primary Continuous Involves


Goal oriented Pervasive
Function Process choice
IMPORTANCE OF
PLANNING
 Reduction of Uncertainty.
 Better Utilization of Resources.
 Increases Organizational Effectiveness
 Reduces the Cost of Performance
 Concentration on Objectives
 Helps in Co-ordination
 Makes Control Effective
 Encouragement to Innovation
 Makes objective clear and specific
 Facilitates decision making
SIX P’s OF PLANNING

 According to peter ducker


LEVELS OF PLANNING

Top level planning

Middle level

Operational planning
Planning premises and classifications:

Planning
premises

Controllable
External Tangible
Uncontrollable
Internal Intangible Semi-controllable
Objectives of planning
●Planning helps in effective forecasting.
●Planning provides certainty in activities.
●Planning gives a specific direction to the
Organisation.
●It establishes co-ordination in the enterprise.
●It is helpful in creating a healthy competition.
●It provide economy in the management.
MANAGEMENT

BY

OBJECTIVES
Objective setting
in MBO, good goals are smart goals

S specific
 S
 U
M measurable  C

WORK A achievable C

  HAVE
 E
R result oriented  S
T time-related  S
process of MBO
 Preliminary objective setting
 Setting sub-ordinates objectives
 Machine goals and resources
 Recycling objectives
 appraisal
STEPS IN PLANNING

1. Being aware of
opportunity 2.Setting objectives
In light of:
The market What we want to
The competition accomplish and when
Our strengths

4.Identifying
3.Considering
Alternatives
Planning Premises
What are the most
promising alternatives to In what environment
accomplishing our will our plans operate?
objectives? (Internal or External)
STEPS IN PLANNING
(cont..)
5.Comparing 6.Choosing an
Alternatives in lights of Alternative
Goal Sought
Which alternative will give Selecting the course of
us best chance of meeting action which will pursue
goal at low price and high
profit

8.Numbering plans by
making budgets 7.Formulating
Develop such budgets as:- Supporting Plans
Volume and price of sales Such as plans to:-
Operating expenses Buy equipment
Hire and train workers
KEY ELEMENTS IN
PLANNING
1. Setting objectives – Objectives provide the
rational for undertaking various activities
and point to the end result of the planning.
2. Identifying alternate programs – Ascertain
the various alternative programs to achieve
desired result.
3. Selecting the best program – Each
alternative should be closely examined and
the best program should be selected.
LIMITATIONS OF
PLANNING

LIMITATIONS OF PLANNING

FALSE PROBABILIT EXTERNAL


MISDIRECTE TIME RAPIDITY OF
RIGIDITY SENSE OF Y IN CONSTRAINT
D PLANNING CONSUMING CHANGE
SECURITY PLANNING S
THANK YOU

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