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Experiment 1 Bulk Polymerization

1. Bulk polymerization is the simplest polymerization technique that involves only a monomer and initiator without any solvent. 2. In bulk polymerization, the monomer is taken in its liquid state and polymerization occurs through a free radical mechanism initiated by heating or radiation. 3. The experiment described performs bulk polymerization of styrene using benzoyl peroxide as the initiator to produce polystyrene.

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soran najeb
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1K views

Experiment 1 Bulk Polymerization

1. Bulk polymerization is the simplest polymerization technique that involves only a monomer and initiator without any solvent. 2. In bulk polymerization, the monomer is taken in its liquid state and polymerization occurs through a free radical mechanism initiated by heating or radiation. 3. The experiment described performs bulk polymerization of styrene using benzoyl peroxide as the initiator to produce polystyrene.

Uploaded by

soran najeb
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Experiment 1/Bulk Polymerization:

Polymer: A molecule with a high molar mass made up of thousands of repeating units.
Monomer: individual molecules used to produce the polymer

Polymerization Process/Techniques Reactions of Polymers


1.Bulk Polymerization a. Chain growth addition polymerization
2. Solution polymerization b. Step growth condensation polymerization
3. Suspension polymerization
4. Emulsion polymerization
Bulk Polymerization/Homogenous Polymerization
 The simplest technique.
 Monomer is taken in liquid state.
 Only monomer and initiator involved/No solvent is used or needed.
 The initiator should dissolve in the monomer.
 Initiation can be done either by heating or exposing to radiation.
 The reaction is exothermic.
 The polymer molecules with wide range of molecular masses will be obtained.
 Polymer chain can have a variety of lengths , and therefore a variety of
molecular weight.
 Its usually adopted to produce polystyrene, polyvinylchloride, polymethyl
methacrylate and low density of polyethylene.
Advantages
 Obtain purest possible polymer
 Obtain highest polymer yield per reactor volume
Disadvantages
 Difficult to control
 Reaction has to be run slowly
 Difficult to remove last traces of unreacted monomer
 Cannot get high rate and high Mw at the same time
 The generated polymer become solid and attached to the container
Free Radical / Molecules with Unpaired Electron
 Apparatus used:
Balance, round bottom flask (R.B.F), beaker, watch glass, condenser, heater and
magnetic stirrer, water bath and thermometer
 Reagents:
 Benzoyl peroxide(initiator)
 Styrene(monomer)
 Ethanol
 Procedure
1. Place (15ml) of styrene/monomer is placed in R.B.F with (20mg) of benzoyl
peroxide as starter or initiator
2. The R.B.F containing mixture and magnetic stirrer connected to condenser in
water bath
3. Heat it at (80-90) degree for (60) min
4. Cool to room temperature for (5)min
5. Add (10-20ml) of ethanol gradually with shaking until the polymer is precipitated
6. The polystyrene polymer is collected and transferred to watch glass
7. Dry and weight ?gm.
8. Calculate the percentage of the polymer formed
Answer the questions
1. What are the main difference between the
chain growth and step growth
polymerization?
2. Write 8 examples of the monomers and
polymers products with names in chain
growth polymerization.
3. Select two different monomers from
question 2 and write the free radical
mechanism for both of them.

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