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Daltons Law of Partial Pressures

The document contains an agenda for a chemistry class that includes rising water post lab, Dalton's law notes, and a Dalton's law worksheet. The document then provides explanations and examples of Dalton's law of partial pressures, which states that the total pressure of a gas mixture is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases in the mixture. Formulas and sample problems demonstrate how to calculate total pressure, partial pressures, and mole fractions of gases in a mixture.

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Kylene Grace Ilagan
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310 views13 pages

Daltons Law of Partial Pressures

The document contains an agenda for a chemistry class that includes rising water post lab, Dalton's law notes, and a Dalton's law worksheet. The document then provides explanations and examples of Dalton's law of partial pressures, which states that the total pressure of a gas mixture is equal to the sum of the partial pressures of the individual gases in the mixture. Formulas and sample problems demonstrate how to calculate total pressure, partial pressures, and mole fractions of gases in a mixture.

Uploaded by

Kylene Grace Ilagan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 13

Agenda 3/13

1. Rising water post lab


2. Dalton’s law Notes
3. Dalton’s law worksheet
Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressures
Dalton’s Law of Partial Pressure

The total pressure of a mixture of


nonreacting gases is equal to the
sum of the partial pressures of the
individual gases

(Ptotal = P1 + P2 + P3 + …)
Ptotal = P1 + P2 + P3 + . . .

PH2 = 2.4 atm PHe = 6.0 atm


Ptotal = 2.4 + 6.0 =
8.4 atm
Dalton’s Law Example
If we have a flask containing Nitrogen
gas, whose partial pressure is 0.78
atm and oxygen gas, whose partial
pressure is 0.20 atm, the total
pressure in the flask is….
Ptotal = PN2 + PO2
Ptotal = .78 + .20 = .98 atm
Example Problem
A mixture of He, Ne and Ar gases have a total
pressure of 790 mmHg. If there is 15% Ar, 60%
He and 25% Ne, what is the partial pressure of
each gas?
Ptotal = PHe + PNe + PAr = 790 mmHg

15% Ar = (0.15)(790 ) = 118.5 mmHg +


60% He = (0.60)(790) = 474 mmHg +
25% Ne = (0.25)(790) = 197.5 mmHg
P total = 790 mmHg
Example
What is the partial pressure of carbon dioxide
in container that holds 5.0 moles of CO2, 3.0
moles of N2, and 1.0 mole of H2 and has a
total pressure of 1.05 atm?
Step One: find the mole fraction of CO2
5.0 moles CO2/ 9.0 moles total = 0.56

Step Two: multiply the mole fraction by the total


pressure
0.56 x 1.05 atm = 0.58atm
The partial pressure of each gas is
equal to the mole fraction (X) of each
gas times the total pressure

Moles gas x Ptotal = Pgas


Total Moles

Mole fraction is like a percent


Sample Problem
The partial pressure of CO2 in a mixture of
gases is 0.8 atm. If the total pressure is 1.05
atm, what is the mole fraction of CO2 in the
mixture?

PCO2 = 0.8atm Ptotal = 1.05atm

(Mole Fraction )Ptotal = PCO2


XCO2 (1.05atm) = 0.8 atm

XCO2 = 0.8 atm = 0.76


1.05 atm
Two flasks are connected by a stopcock. When the
stopcock is closed, flask A contains 3.5 L of
nitrogen gas at 2.55 atm and flask B contains 1.5 L
of carbon monoxide gas at 0.85 atm. What is the
total pressure when the stopcock is open and the
gases are allowed to mix?

Flask A Flask B
3.5 L N2 1.5 L CO2
2.55 atm 0.85 atm
Step 1: Determine the final volume for the
gases. It’s easy! Add the 2 volumes together
Step 2: Use Boyle's law (P1V1 = P2V2) to
find the final partial pressure for both N2 and
CO2 individually.
Step 3: Use Dalton's law of partial pressures
to find the total final pressure.
Step 1: Find V
3.5 +1.5 = 5 L
Step 2: Use Boyle’s to find P2 for N2 and CO2
P1V1= P2V2
3.5 L(2.55 atm) = P2 (5L)
P2 = 1.785 atm
Step 2 Continued… P2 for CO2
P1V1= P2V2
(1.5L)*(0.85 atm) = (5L) P2
P2 = 0.255 atm
Step 3: Dalton’s law
PN2 + PCO2 = Ptotal
1.785 atm + 0.255 atm = 2.0 atm

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