PAINT FAULTS, BITTINESS

INCLUSIONS, EITHER
AIRBORN OR FROM
THE PAINT ITSELF.
COULD BE PARTIALLY
CURED PAINT, OUT
OF SHELF LIFE.
COATING FAULTS BLEEDING
THE SOLVENT FROM
THE TOP COAT
SOFTENS THE UNDER
LYING MATERIAL
AND ALLOWS IT TO
PASS INTO AND
THROUGH THE
LAYER, CAUSING
DISCOLOURATION.
BROWN FOR
BITUMEN, YELLOW
FOR COAL TARS.
 COATING FAULTS BLISTERING
BLISTERS CAN BE FILLED WITH GAS,LIQUID OR
CRYSTALS
COATING FAULTS CHALKING

DEGRADATION OF A
BINDER DUE TO
DISRUPTIVE FACTORS
IN THE ENVIRONMENT
COATING FAULTS CISSING

CAUSED BY
INADEQUATE
SURFACE
PREPARATION.

A DIFFERENCE IN
SURFACE ENERGY
CAUSES LOCAL LACK OF
ADHESION.
COATING FAULTS CRACKING

COATING AGE AND

DIFFERENTIAL
EXPANSION
COATING FAULTS CRATERING

BOWL SHAPED
DEPRESSIONS. CAUSED
BY ESCAPING SOLVENT
OR GASES. PAINT IS OF
TOO LOW A VISCOSITY
TO FLOW AND FILL THE
DEPRESSIONS
COATING FAULTS CURTAINS, SAGS, RUNS AND TEARS

CAUSED BY OVER
APPLICATION. REMOVE
OFFENDING EXCESS
MATERIAL, LIGHTLY
ABRADE, RECOAT.
COATING FAULTS FLAKING

MATERIAL
PROGRESSIVELY
GETS BRITTLE WITH
AGE, CRACKS AND
BEGINS TO DETACH
COATING FAULTS HOLIDAYS

DEFINED AS BEING :-
A VOID, A MISS, OR
AN UNCOATED AREA
 COATING FAULTS LIFTING
CAUSED BY SOLVENT STRENGTH AND ALSO LACK OF
OBSERVANCE OF STATED OVERCOATING TIME
 COATING FAULTS ORANGE PEEL

SIMILAR APPEARANCE TO A
CITRUS FRUIT SKIN

CAUSED BY PAINT VISCOSITY PROBLEMS OR BY

APPLICATOR TECHNIQUE
COATING FAULTS ROPINESS

BRUSHMARKS
COATING FAULTS WRINKLING AND
RIVELLING
 COLOUR MUNSELL AND BS 4800
L= LUMINANCE, CHROMA YELLOW THROUGH GREEN ,BLUE
a= FROM GREEN TO RED PURPLE, RED AND BACK TO YELLOW
b= FROM BLUE TO YELLOW
HEALTH AND SAFETY DRAGER TUBE AND BELLOWS
RUST GRADES
RUST GRADES
BLASTING GRADES A Sa 2.5 and Sa 3
BLASTING GRADES B Sa 1 and Sa 2
BLASTING GRADES B Sa 2.5 and Sa 3
BLASTING GRADES, COMPARISONS
BLASTING GRADES C Sa 1 and Sa 2
BLASTING GRADES C Sa 2.5 and Sa 3
BLASTING GRADES D Sa 1 and Sa 2
BLASTING GRADES D Sa 2.5 and Sa 3
 DRY ABRASIVE BLASTING
MEASURING PRESSURE AT THE NOZZLE
HYPODERMIC NEEDLE
GAUGE

INSERT THE NEEDLE

THROUGH THE HOSE
WITH THE NEEDLE
TOWARDS THE NOZZLE,
AT AN ANGLE OF APP.
45 DEGREES
 SURFACE PREPARATION
HAND AND POWER TOOL CLEANING B St 2 and St 3
 SURFACE PREPARATION
HAND AND POWER TOOL CLEANING C St 2 and St 3
 SURFACE PREPARATION
HAND AND POWER TOOL CLEANING D St 2 and St 3
 FLAME CLEANING

1, EXPANSION, co-efficient of expansion

2, DEHYDRATION, water evaporated away

3, HEAT PENETRATION, heat conducted into substrate

SURFACE PREPARATION FLAME CLEANING
 PAINT TESTING
DENSITY THE DENSITY ( SG ) CUP
 PAINT TESTING
HEGMAN GRIND GAUGE
FOR FINENESS OF GRIND, DEGREE OF DISPERSION
PAINT TESTING, VISCOSITY

ROTATIONAL VISCOMETER
WITH ROTOTHINNER
MEASURES DYNAMIC
VISCOSITY. UNITS, POISES
PAINT TESTING. VISCOSITY
KREBS STORMER VISCOMETER
KINEMATIC VISCOSITY
DRIVEN BY A FALLING
WEIGHT, THE HEAVIER
THE WEIGHT THE
FASTER IT ROTATES.
CRITERIA 200 RPM
UNITS STOKE OR POISE
PAINT TESTING FORD FLOW CUP IN ITS
RETORT AND SHOWING
FLOW VISCOSITY THE 4mm DIA HOLE
A FORD FLOW CUP
PAINT TESTING VISCOSITY. FORD FLOW CUP
PAINT FILM MEASUREMENT, WET FILM
ECCENTRIC WHEEL
WET FILM THICKNESS MEASUREMENT
COMB GAUGES
DESTRUCTIVE TEST GAUGES. THE SABERG TEST DRILL
 DFT MEASUREMENTS ELECTRONIC GAUGES
ELECTROPHYSIC ELCOMETER
MINI TEST THE EXACTO 456
DRY FILM THICKNESS MEASUREMENT, MAGNETIC.
THE TINSLEY PENCIL
DRY FILM THICKNESS MEASUREMENT, MAGNETIC,
HORSESHOE GAUGE
DRY FILM THICKNESS MEASUREMENT, MAGNETIC,
THE BANANA GAUGE MODEL 111
DRY FILM THICKNESS MEASUREMENTS, MAGNETIC
THE BANANA GAUGE MODEL 211

SCALE MOVES
TO THE
CURSER
 HEALTH AND SAFETY, COSHH REGULATIONS
ABBREVIATIONS
EH 40, GUIDANCE NOTES, HEALTH AND SAFETY EXECUTIVE
MEL , MAXIMUM EXPOSURE LIMIT
OEL, OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE LIMIT
OES, OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE STANDARD
LEL, LOWER EXPLOSIVE LIMIT
UEL, UPPER EXPLOSIVE LIMIT
RAQ, REQUIRED AIR QUANTITY
DRY FILM THICKNESS MEASUREMENT
COLOUR CODED CALIBRATION SHIMS

PURPLE 25um
BLUE 50um
BROWN 125um
WHITE 250um
YELLOW 500um
nominal values
FLEXIBILITY TEST CONICAL MANDREL