At the end of the lecture students will be able to :

Define the concept of counselling.

 Identify Key aspects of counselling.

Differentiate between Counselling and psychotherapy.

Identify goals of counseling.

List the Characteristic of counselling.

At the end of the learning session students will be able to :
Identify reasons for seeking counselling.

Enumerate needs of counselling.

Identify the types of counselling

Discuss the cope of counselling.

Identify the modes of counselling

Identify do’s and don't in counselling.

Identify settings of counselling

 Definition of counselling.

 Key aspects of counselling.

 Counselling versus psychotherapy.

 The goals of counseling.

 Characteristic of counselling.

 Reasons for seeking counselling.

 Types of counselling

 Needs of counselling.

 Scope of counselling.

 Modes of counselling.

 Do’s and don't in counselling.

 Settings of counselling.

 References.
 Counseling is a process in which the counselor assists the counselee to make
interpretations of facts relating to a choice, plan or adjustment which he needs to
make. Glenn F. Smith

 Counseling is a series of direct contacts with the individual which aims to offer him
assistance in changing his attitude & behaviors. Carl Rogers

 Counseling is an out of guidance movement, which is about helping people with

choosing or decision making.
 It is a special form of communication with an explicit contact.
 It is confidential and non-judgmental form of helping.
 It is based on the principle of empowering.
 It is a relationship in which one person helps another.
 It may take place in a group settings, where one person may help
several people in a group.
 It requires a special kind of listening called ‘active listening’.
 It is a process which helps people to clarify and address problems.
 It recognizes that each person is unique with unique experiences.
 It is guided by theories about the causes of the problems, and the
methods needed to help.
 It is activity carried out by trained people.
 As a Counselor:
- Slightly more directive,
- Work more on developmentally normal issues,
- Work more briefly,
- Charge a bit less fee.

 As a Psychotherapist:
- Less directive,
- Go a little deeper,
- Work a little longer,
- Charge a higher fee.
• People come to therapy to alleviate their unpleasant
symptoms (e.g. anxious, sadness, guilt) and undesirable
behaviors (e.g. impulsivity).

• People come for assistance in decision making.

• Counselling involves two individuals-one seeking help & the other a
professionally trained person who can help the first.
• There should be a relationship of mutual respect between the two individuals.
• Counselling aims to bring the desired changes in the individual for self-
realization & providing assistance to solve problems through an intimate
personal relationship.
• The counselor discovers the problems of the client & help him to set up
realistic goals.
• If client is a student, counselling helps him to take a decision, make a choice or
find a direction in matters related to an educational program or career.
• It helps the client acquire independence & develop a sense of
responsibility.
• It is more than advice giving.
• It involves something more than offering an assistance to find a
solution to an immediate problems.
• Counselling is democratic.
• Counselling is centered around the needs & aspirations of
individuals.
 Scope of
Counselling
 Counselling for personal needs/problems.
 Counselling for educational needs/problems.
 Counselling for physical, emotional, social, moral & marital
problems.
 Counselling for vocational, occupational & professional needs.
 Counselling for career advancement.
 Counselling for holistic individual development.
 Counselling for situational problems.
 Reasons for Seeking
Counselling
 Chronic illness.
 Developmental Crisis.
 Issues associated with sexual orientation or sexual identity.
 Social problems.
 Jobless, redundancy and problems related to retirement.
 Problems related to poverty and financial distress.
 Violence, rape and assault.
 Issues related to childlessness and step-parenting.
 Gambling.
 Bullying.
 Types of Counselling
1. Directive Counselling: 2. Non Directive 3. Cooperative 4. Marital and Family
Counselling: Counselling: Counselling:
 Under directive
counselling the counsellor  Under non directive  This is a kind of counselling  Employees need
issues certain instructions to counselling counsellor that can be done through counselling in respect of
the counsellee does not issue directions extending full cooperation marriage and family
but observe the to the counsellee and makes problems.
 or he is directed to do behaviour and attitude him realize his mistakes
certain things e.g.: he is of the counsellee relating to his behaviour and  The troubled employees
asked to behave in a towards his work and his attitudes so that he himself can discuss out their
particular manner, asked to colleagues and superiors will be back on the track and problems with the
abstain from alcohol or drug, and subordinates improve himself. counsellor who can take
asked to respect his them into confidence and
colleagues and superiors. • If he errs then  It is winning the heart of the prescribe solutions for
counsellor comes to his counsellee through their ills.
rescue and corrects him cooperation. His confidence
realizing him that he was will be won by the
wrong. He will not issue counsellee and he in turn
him any instructions or will extend his cooperation
will not direct him and become self disciplined
 Needs of Counselling

I. Needs for Personal & Social Domain:

• Personal & social development of individual.
• To adapt in different stages of development.
• Offering art of better living.
• Proper use of leisure time.
• Holistic personality development.
• Best use of available opportunities.
• Motivates for effective utilization & development of self.
 Needs of Counselling

II. Needs for Educational/Professional Domain:

 Helps in academic growth & development.
 Helps in vocational & professional maturity.
 Facilitates an individual in the right education & profession.
 Offer help to handle educational & professional situations.
 Helps in the proper utilization of human resources.
 Helps in adapting to the changing concept of education.
 Prepares to adapt in changing professional situations & emerging
challenges.
 Helps in making proper career choice.
 Helps to minimize indiscipline.
 Needs of Counselling

III. Need of Counselling in Nursing Education:

To help in developing qualities required for a successful nursing
practice.
 To help students in getting adjusted with the clinical environment.
 To help to overcome periods of confusion.
 To help students in developing their leadership qualities.
 To carry out responsibilities as a health team member.
 Helps them to proper selection of career.
 Motivate them for higher studies.
 To help in the development of appropriate coping mechanisms in
order to deal with stress in a productive manner.
 Couples counselling.

.Family therapy.

Modes of Group counselling.

Counsellin
Telephone counselling.
g

Online counselling.
1. He should develop good relationship with counsellee.
2. Develop mutual understanding, respect for counsellee.
3. Be patient.
4. Listen to the grievances carefully.
5. Develop cooperative attitude.
6. Be simple and have sympathy with the counsellee.
7. Do make attempts to know the background of worries, threats, anxiety
etc.
8. Make himself available to help the counsellee.
9. Be friendly with counsellee and be frank.
1. Should not develop conflict with counsellee.
2. Do not have any vested interest in counselling.
3. Do not be angry with the counsellee.
4. Don’t resist.
5. Avoid being biased, be impartial.
6. Don’t exploit the counsellee for self interest.
7. Do not use pressure tactics?
 Schools,
colleges
and
university.
Private
practice Community
/Clinic. centers.

Settings
of
Counselling

Health
centers. Hospitals.

Workplace.
References
• Hough, M. (2010). Counselling Skills and Theory 3rd Edition. Hachette
UK.
• Rogers, C. (2012). Client Centred Therapy (New Ed). Hachette UK.
• Neeraja, K. P. (2010).Textbook of Communication and Education
Technology for Nurses. (ed.1st).
• Bivin, J. (2012). New guidance and counselling. Retrieved from
http://www.slideshare.net/bivinjose/new-guidence-and-counselling

Helpful website:
• http://www.basic-counseling-skills.com/counseling-theories.html