Scribd
Upload
170 views26 pages

Anti-Rolling Devices

While sails through the sea, a ship undergoes several motions which are defined as Six degrees of freedom. One such motion is Rolling of the ship which may sometimes be Disastrous if not controlled. Anti-Rolling devices help in dampening such motion of the ship.

Uploaded by

Saurav Saini
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
170 views26 pages

Anti-Rolling Devices

While sails through the sea, a ship undergoes several motions which are defined as Six degrees of freedom. One such motion is Rolling of the ship which may sometimes be Disastrous if not controlled. Anti-Rolling devices help in dampening such motion of the ship.

Uploaded by

Saurav Saini
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 26

Anti-Rolling Devices

Stabilizing systems
A vessel will roll due to the force of the waves .The
actual effect of a wave system is dependent upon
wave period , magnitude, ships metacentric height
and displacement and others.
All ships have a natural roll period depending
upon; metacentric height, and the radius of
gyration about the longitudinal polar axis.
A large metacentric height will produce a short roll period
which can be very uncomfortable whilst a small
metacentric height produces slow roll periods with large
amplitude.
Both conditions can cause problems and reducing the roll
amplitude is seen as advantageous.

Rolling causes severe racking stresses in the hull and


additional loads due to gravity on the superstructure. It is
unpleasant for passengers and crew and can lead to damage
of cargo.
The fitting of roll reduction systems reduces the effects
without a supposed increase in racking stresses, due to the
ship rising with the wave reducing its effect.
Passive system- Bilge keels
These form the simplest method of controlling roll
they consist of narrow steel strips extending along a
portion of the length of the hull.
The are mounted at the turn of the bilge and project
no further than the breadth and depth of the ship
thereby preventing contact damage.
They are attached to the hull by a relatively weak joint,
say by riveting to a second fixing which is welded to
the hull, or by stitch welding allowing the keel to be
torn off without further hull damage.
Size of bilge keels depend upon the ship , but two
conditions should be satisfied;
- The web must be long enough to penetrate the boundary
layer of water travelling with the hull.
- The web should not be so deep so as to sustain damage
due to force of water during rolling.

In addition the ends of the keel should be tapered or well


rounded so that they blend smoothly with the lines of the
hull, this reduces eddies which could lead to vibration
and/or erosion damage.
Stabilizing passive tanks
In basic terms the system consists of a "U" shaped tank
positioned across the ship with the main body of water
being contained in the two side tanks .
These are connected at the top by means of an air
channel which contains one or more valves. This
controls the rate of air flow and hence the rate of water
flow between the tanks, baffle plates prevent surge.
Maximum rolling occurs when the time interval
between wave crests is the same as the time taken for
a complete roll and that time depends upon a
particular ship. Under these conditions the roll of the
ship lags behind the wave crests by exactly one
quarter time period. The ship will be vertical midway
between crest and trough , reaching maximum roll
angle at trough or crest.

Anti rolling tanks employ a third oscillating system,


namely water held in the "U" tube the First and
second being the waves and the ship.
Careful design of the tank in terms of its shape , water
capacity and vertical positioning in the ship allows
control to be exercised with respect to rolling.
With correct design of tank the water oscillating period
will equal the roll period of the ship but its motion will
lag behind that of the ship by one quarter of the roll
period and behind the wave by half of the roll period.
Water in the tank thus opposes the wave action
producing the roll.
Water movement between the tanks is regulated to
some extent by the air valves.
With the valves closed the system is put out of action.
With this arrangement, known as the controlled passive
system, the mass of water to about 2 to 2.5% of the
ships displacement.
Flume tank
This is a passive system which whilst simple in design
remains very effective in its action.
A restriction in the form of a perforated plate reduces
the flow of water from on side to another during ships
roll. In this way a righting moment is given
automatically to the vessel. The amount of righting
moment is dependent on the ship roll angle and speed.
Active Fins Stabilizers
These work very much like aircraft wing in that
they provide lift, positive or negative depending
upon their aspect relative to water flow.
Fins are of aerofoil cross section and are provided
with tail flaps which can be moved relative to the
main fin.
Main fins usually have a maximum movement of
20 degrees up or down whilst the tail can move a
further 30 degrees relative to the main flap.
They are caused to move by an actuating system in
response to signals based on a gyroscopic measurement
of roll motions.
When the gyroscope senses the ship roll, it changes the
fins' angle of attack to exert force to counteract the roll.
Rapid acting control systems , rotate the fins by electro
hydraulic systems similar to that used on the steering
gear .

Early arrangements were made to slide into fin boxes but


recent systems employ hinged arrangement .The latter
requires less space within the hull.
Some larger vessels are fitted with twin sets operating
independently giving total roll control.
Active tanks
Active tanks employ the same basic principle of water counteracting
the wave induced rolling but water flow is produced by means of a
pump.

The tanks either side of the ship may be connected by a lower limb or
two separate tanks can be used.

In order to ensure rapid water flow in the desired direction the
unidirectional pump impeller is kept running at all times and
valves are actuated in order to direct the flow to and from
particular tanks.

Valves activation is by means of a control system employing


gyroscopes.
The system can deal with more than one frequency.

There are no projections outside the hull and hence


no increased drag or resistance.
Moving weight
This system consists of a large mass (1% of ships
displacement) which is able to be driven athwartships
by electric motors to provide a righting moment.

The advantage of this system is that it is able to cope


with variations in roll period and is active even with
the ship stopped.

You might also like