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Bioinformatics: Aditya Ray Aditya Agarwal Aman Chauhan Kashish Punyani

Bioinformatics is an interdisciplinary field that combines biology, computer science, and information technology to analyze and interpret biological data. It involves developing algorithms and statistics to assess relationships in large biological datasets, such as locating genes or predicting protein structure and function. Common units of information studied include DNA, RNA, and protein sequences, structures, pathways, and interactions. Bioinformatics has applications in genomics, proteomics, medicine, pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, and agriculture. Software tools range from simple command-line programs to complex graphical and web-based programs.

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Aditya Ray
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48 views14 pages

Bioinformatics: Aditya Ray Aditya Agarwal Aman Chauhan Kashish Punyani

Bioinformatics is an interdisciplinary field that combines biology, computer science, and information technology to analyze and interpret biological data. It involves developing algorithms and statistics to assess relationships in large biological datasets, such as locating genes or predicting protein structure and function. Common units of information studied include DNA, RNA, and protein sequences, structures, pathways, and interactions. Bioinformatics has applications in genomics, proteomics, medicine, pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, and agriculture. Software tools range from simple command-line programs to complex graphical and web-based programs.

Uploaded by

Aditya Ray
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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BIOINFORMATICS

ADITYA RAY
ADITYA AGARWAL
AMAN CHAUHAN
KASHISH PUNYANI
WHAT IS BIOINFORMATICS?

Bioinformatics is the unified


discipline formed from the
combination of biology,
computer science, and It is the science of managing and
information technology. analyzing biological data using
advanced computing techniques.
BIOLOGY

ICS
I NF O RMAT
BIO

COMPUTERS
WHAT IS BIOINFORMATICS???
History of Bioinformatics

The history of biology in general, B.C. and before the discovery


of genetic inheritance by G. Mendel in 1865.

This was the start of Bioinformatics history. Gregor Mendel. is known


as the "Father of Genetics". He did experiment on the cross-
fertilization of different colors of the same species. He carefully
recorded the data and analysed the data.

Mendel illustrated that the inheritance of traits could be more


easily explained if it was controlled by factors passed down from
generation to generation.

G. Mendel
HISTORY OF BIOINFORMATICS
Depending on the definition of Bioinformatics used, or
the source , it can be anywhere between 13 to 40 years
old
Bioinformatics like studies were being performed in
the ’60s long before it was given a name

Sometimes called “molecular evolution”


The term Bioinformatics was first published in 1991.

In 1973, two important things happened in the field of


genomics. The advancement of computing in 1960-70s
resulted in the basic methodology of bioinformatics.
However, it is the 1990s when the INTERNET arrived
when the full fledged bioinformatics field was born.
WHAT IS DONE IN BIOINFORMATICS?

development and implementation of tools


that enable efficient access to, and use and
management of, various types of
information.

development of new algorithms (mathematical


formulas) and statistics with which to assess
relationships among members of large data sets,
such as methods to locate a gene within a sequence,
predict protein structure .

function, and cluster protein sequences


into families of related sequences.
WHAT “ UNITS OF INFORMATION” DO WE DEAL
WITH IN BIOINFORMATICS?

DNA SEQUENCE PATHWAYS

RNA STRUCTURE INTERACTION

PROTEIN EVOLUTION MUTATIONS


BASES
T U

A DNA G A RNA G

C C
sequencing refers to sequencing methods for determining the order of the
nucleotide bases—adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine( or uracil)  . AIDS
Virus has the same set of bases as of RNA
• The study and application of
COMPUTATIONAL computing methods for
BIOLOGY: classical biology
• (cb)

• The study and application of


MEDICAL
Related INFORMATICS:
computing methods to
improve communication.
• management of medical data
computer
fields • study and application of
computing methods, along
with chemical and biological
CHEMINFORMATICS: technology.
• for drug design and
development
Related Fields:

• Analysis and comparison of the


entire genome of a single species or
of multiple species.
GENOMICS: • A genome is the set of all genes
possessed by an organism.

• Study of how the genome is


expressed in proteins.
• and of how these proteins
PROTEOMICS function and interact.
• Understand life processes in healthy and
diseased state.
MEDICAL
APPLICATION • To know about genetic diseases

• To develop new and better drugs.


PHARMACEUTICAL
& BIOTECH
• Gene-bases or structure based drug design.
INDUSTRIES

• Disease and drought resistance plants.


AGRICULTURAL
• Higher yield crops .
APPLICATIONS
Putting it all Together

• Bioinformatics is
basically where the
findings in genetics
and the
advancement in
technology meet in
that computers can
be helpful to the
advancement of
genetics.
SOFTWARES AND TOOLS
 Software tools for bioinformatics range from simple command-line tools, to
more complex graphical programs and standalone web-services available
from various bioinformatics companies or public institutions.
 Basic bioinformatics services are classified by the EBI(European
Bioinformatics Institute)into three categories:
 SSS (Sequence Search Services)
 MSA (Multiple Sequence Alignment)
 BSA (Biological Sequence Analysis)

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