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Ancient Indian Architecture

The document discusses several ancient Indian texts on architecture and construction from the Mayashastra to the Manasara. It then lists different types of ancient Indian villages, towns, and forts. Finally, it provides brief descriptions of some notable ancient Indian towns including Ayodhya, Hastinapura, Indraprastha, Harappa, Mohenjo-Daro, Lothal, Rajgriha, Patliputra, Kanchipuram, Madurai, Vanji, and Vijayanagar.

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AKHILA UMMANAVENA
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238 views19 pages

Ancient Indian Architecture

The document discusses several ancient Indian texts on architecture and construction from the Mayashastra to the Manasara. It then lists different types of ancient Indian villages, towns, and forts. Finally, it provides brief descriptions of some notable ancient Indian towns including Ayodhya, Hastinapura, Indraprastha, Harappa, Mohenjo-Daro, Lothal, Rajgriha, Patliputra, Kanchipuram, Madurai, Vanji, and Vijayanagar.

Uploaded by

AKHILA UMMANAVENA
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Ancient Indian Architecture

Books on Architecture
1. Mayashastra (image printing, wall decoration)

2. Bimbamana (painting

3. Sukratniti (pratima – murti or vigraha making, icon


design)
4. Suprabhedagama

5. Vishnu dharmottara purana (literature, music,


theatre, dance, painting, sculpture, iconography,
architecture)
6. Agamas (have chapters on other shilpa shastras)

7. Agni purana (iconography)

8. Brahmanda purana (mostly architecture, some


sections on arts
Books on Architecture
9. Vastu vidya
10 Pratima lakshana vidhanam
.
11 Gargeyam
.
12 Manasara (many chapters on casting, moulding
. carving, polishing and making of arts and crafts)
13 Atriyam
.
14 Pratima mana lakshanam (includes chapters on repair
. of broken idols and art works)
15 Dasa tala nyagrodha pari mandala
.
16 Sambudhabhasita pratima lakshana vivarana nama
Books on Architecture
23. Vishva karma prakasam
24. Kashyapa shilpashastra
25. Artha shastra (general crafts such as windows and doors, as
well as public utilities)
26. Chitra kalpa (ornaments)
27. Chitra karmashastra
28. Maya shilpashastra (in Tamil)
29. Vishvakarma shilpa (arts on columns, wood working)
30. Agastya (wood based arts and crafts)
31. Mandana Shilpa Shastra (diya, lamps related crafts)
32. Ratna shastra (pearls, string, jewelry crafts)
33. Natya shastra (theatre, dance, music, fragments on painting
and sculpture)
34. Śilpa-ratna-kośa (architecture, sculpture)
35. Śilpa-ratna-kośa (architecture, sculpture)
The Types of villages,Towns and forts

Villages Town/Cities Forts


1. Ekabhogam Nagara Mountain fort(giri
durga)
2. Kheta Rajdhani Water fort(jal
durga)
3. Kharvata Pattanam Desert
fort(dhanvana
durga)
4. Palli Kheta Forest
fort(vanadurga)
5 Ghosa Kharvata Earth
fort(mahidurga)
6. Abhira Dronmukha Man
fort(nrudurga)
7. Mandaka Kotmakolaka Mixed
The Types of villages,Towns and forts
11. Chaturmukha Viswesabhadra durga
m
Sri Pratisthita Sivira
12. Purvamukha Pura Senamukha
13. Mangala Devnagara Skandhavara
14. Viswakarma Vaijayantha Sthaniya
Nagara
15. Devesa Putbhedana
nagara
16. Visvesa Dronaka
17. Kailasa Nigama nagara
18. Nityamangala Vahinimukha
Works before construction
1. Bhupariksha Examination of the suitability of the soil

2. Bhumi sangaraha Selection of the exact position of the site with reference to its
surface characteristics.
3. Dikpariksha Determination of the cardinal directions

4. Padavinyasa Divisions of the selected ground into equal or modular units

5. Balikarmvidhana The religious rituals to be performed before commencement


of the work
6. Grama /Nagar Planning of villages, town and cities etc.
Vinyasa
7. Bhumi vidhana Designing and construction of dwellings etc.

8. Gopura Vidhana Construction of the main entrance gateways

9. Alaya Mandapa Designing and building temples


Vidhana

10. Rajavesma Desigining and construction of royal palaces


Vidhana
Few Notable Ancient Town

1.Ayodhya
2.Hastinapura
3.Indraprastha
4.Harppa and Mohenjo-Daro
5.Lothal
6.Rajagriha
7.Patliputra
8.Kanchipuram
9.Kaverippum Pattinam
10.Madurai
11.Vanji tirukarur
12.Vijayanagara
Ayodhya

This was the capital of the Ishavaku rulers of


ayodhya which is located on the banks of sarayu
river.
The city was well laid out on a plain and there were
many seven storied buildings.
Surrounding the city there was a belt of thick groves
of sala trees.
Hastinapura

The capital of kauravas


The Whole city was like a wide ocean with full of
palaces and mansions wide gates and arches and
looking like large clouds in the sky.
Indraprastha

The newly built capital of the pandavas


Harrpa and mohenjodaro

Timings- 3500Bc
Indus valley civilization
Both these cities are characterized by large public
baths, huge granaries, rows of workmen’s quarters
with platforms of grinding corns.
Lothal

The ancient small town which belongs to 2500 bc is


the oldest known seaport of India.
Its situated at the river sabarmati
Rajgriha

Its established by jarasandha.


It continued to exist upto the end of 12th century A.D.
Patliputra

Today is known as patna in bihar


Capital of magdha rulers
Kanchipuram

According to tamil literature Kanchipuram existed in


the 2nd century bc.
Madurai

Capital of the pandiyan rulers


The original site of Madurai was a forest filled with
kadamba trees.
Vanji or Tirukarur

Capital of chera rulers


Now it known as Tirukarur
It was a strongly fortified city and on its battlements
forming part of the ramparts, were mounted with
various machines ready to throw various missiles.
Vijayanagar

Its at the bank of tungabhadra


Established by harihar and bukka

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