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Seminar

The document discusses different types of marine structures including harbors, breakwaters, and docks. It describes harbors as being natural, semi-natural, or artificial basins protected from wind and waves. Breakwaters are protective barriers that enclose harbors and dampen wave energy. Rubble mound breakwaters dissipate wave energy through porous layers of stone. Docks come in dry and wet varieties, with dry docks used for ship repairs and wet docks for loading/unloading cargo.

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Shivashankar Siddibanvi
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224 views23 pages

Seminar

The document discusses different types of marine structures including harbors, breakwaters, and docks. It describes harbors as being natural, semi-natural, or artificial basins protected from wind and waves. Breakwaters are protective barriers that enclose harbors and dampen wave energy. Rubble mound breakwaters dissipate wave energy through porous layers of stone. Docks come in dry and wet varieties, with dry docks used for ship repairs and wet docks for loading/unloading cargo.

Uploaded by

Shivashankar Siddibanvi
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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ANGADI INSTITUTE OF

TECHNOLOGY and management


BELAGAVI
DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING
SEMINAR TOPIC: MARINE STRUCTURES

DHJKSA
SUBMITTED BY
ASHA R PATIL
2AG16CV007

Under the guidance of


PROF. NOORAHMED. N .H
INTRODUCTION
• Marine structures are either structures built
along shroreline or on water. These structures
are designed to serve a specific purpose. They
may be built to reduce erosion along the
shoreline or widen the beach or to protect
vessels in the harbour from wind action or
wave energy.
CONTENTS

1.Harbour
Classification of harbour
2. Breakwaters
Forces acting on breakwaters
Types of breakwaters
• Rubble Mound Type Breakwater
• Characteristics, Advantages and Disadvantages

3.Docks
• Types of docks
• Advantages and Disadvantages
The seminar mainly deals on these marine structures:

• Harbours
• Breakwaters
• Docks
HARBOUR

– Harbour is defined as a basin well protected


naturally or artificially from action of wind and
waves.
– Harbours can be classified as:
– a) Natural harbours
– b) Semi-natural harbours
– c) Artificial harbours.
Natural harbours

Natural harbour is an inlet protected from


storms and waves by natural configurations of
land as shown below, Bombay & kandlaare the
examples of natural harbours.
Semi-natural Harbours

• This type of harbour is protected on sides by


headlands and it requires man-made
protection only at the entrance. Visakapatnam
is a semi-natural harbour.
Artificial harbour

• Where the natural facilities are not available, shelters are


constructed using engineering skills and methods. Thus it is an
area protected from the effect of waves by breakwaters as
shown, Madras is an example of artificial harbour.
Breakwaters
Breakwaters

Breakwater protecting Harbour


The protective barrier constructed to enclose the harbour and to keep the harbour
water undisturbed by the effect of heavy and strong seas are called breakwaters.
Forces acting on breakwaters

• Hydrostatic force
• External forces : Wind and wave action
• Solvent action of seawater
• Sea insects
RUBBLE MOUND TYPE BREAKWATER
Characteristics of mound breakwater:

– Dissipation of kinetic energy of incoming waves is


done in stages by different layers of mound.
– No binding materials are required between layers
of stone.
– No special bond is required between the layers of
construction.
– Natural foundation is unprepared.
– No possibility of overturning and sliding.
Advantages of mound breakwater

• Low in initial cost of materials of construction,


equipment for construction and labour required.
• There is no possibility of uplift, since the
construction is porous.
• Use of natural materials.
• Reduces the materials cost.
• Use of small construction equipments.
• Less environmental impact.
DIS-ADVANTAGES OF MOUND TYPE BREAKWATER

• Huge quantities of materials are required for


mound construction.
• Continuous maintenance is required
Docks
Types of Docks
--Dry docks -- Wet docks
Docks
• Dry Docks
The arrangement in a Dry
Dock is to take in a vessel,
close the door and pump out
the water.
The dry docks are used for
repairs of vessels
Wet Docks
• The Docks which are
used for berthing of
vessels to facilitate
loading and unloading
of passengers and
cargo are known as
Wet Docks.
Advantages of docks
 

• Uniform level of water is maintained which is


very convenient for handling cargos. It
increases the commercial activities of port.
• It prevents the rubbing of the sides of ships
against the quay walls.
• Effects of storms in the outer sea and harbour
do not obstruct the dock enclosure
DIS-ADVANTAGES OF DOCKS:
 

• The main drawback of wet docks is that costly


arrangements have to be provided for locks
and lock gates and more time will be required
for entry and exit.
Conclusion:

• Marine structures facilitate the ships to take in


and discharge passengers and cargo, provide
repair, docking facilities under protected
conditions. Marine structures are subjected to
destructive forces like wave and wind forces,
which carries enormous kinetic energy other
than hydrostatic and uplift pressures. Hence
careful Analysis and design of marine
structures is required.

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