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By: Tom Anthony A. Tonguia, RMT: Eukaryotic Cell

Eukaryotic cell is the microscopic study of biological tissues using staining techniques under a light microscope. Organelles are specialized structures within cells. The major parts of the cell are the cell membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus, which contains DNA and chromosomes. The nucleus contains a nuclear envelope, chromatin, and nucleolus. The cytoplasm contains cytosol and cytoskeleton. The plasma membrane contains cilia, flagella, and microvilli. Organelles include mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, ribosomes, lysosomes, peroxisomes, and centrosomes.

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37 views9 pages

By: Tom Anthony A. Tonguia, RMT: Eukaryotic Cell

Eukaryotic cell is the microscopic study of biological tissues using staining techniques under a light microscope. Organelles are specialized structures within cells. The major parts of the cell are the cell membrane, cytoplasm, and nucleus, which contains DNA and chromosomes. The nucleus contains a nuclear envelope, chromatin, and nucleolus. The cytoplasm contains cytosol and cytoskeleton. The plasma membrane contains cilia, flagella, and microvilli. Organelles include mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi apparatus, ribosomes, lysosomes, peroxisomes, and centrosomes.

Uploaded by

Tom Anthony Tonguia
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Eukaryotic cell

By: Tom Anthony A. Tonguia, RMT


Histology

 Is the microscopic study of the structure of biological tissues using


special staining technique routinely under light microscope.
 Organelles are the organized or specialized structure found within in the
living cells.
Major Parts of the Cell

 Cell membrane
 Cytoplasm
 Nucleus
(Nucleus contain the chromosomes which contain the DNA (genes)
Components of Nucleus


Nuclear envelope- separates the nucleus from cytoplasm

Chromatin – DNA and associated proteins

Nucleolus- functions in synthesis of ribosomes.
Components of Cytoplasm

 Cytosol- provides support for organelles; serves as the viscous fluid


medium through which diffusion occurs.
 Cytoskeleton- determines a cell’s shape and motility.
Components of the plasma
membrane
 Cilia- move substances over the cell surface (ex. mucus and dissolved
materials)
 Flagellum- propels sperm
 Microvilli- Increase membrane surface area for greater absorption.
Organelles

 Mitochondria- synthesize most ATP during aerobic cellular respiration by


digestion of fuel molecules (e.g glucose) in the presence of oxygen.
 Endoplasmic reticulum
 RER- Modifies, transports, and stores proteins produced by attached
ribosomes.
 SER- Synthesizes, transports, and stores lipids.
 Golgi apparatus- a dynamic organelle consisting of stacked membranous
cisternae in which proteins made in RER are processed further and
packaged for secretion or other roles.
 Ribosomes- engage in protein synthesis.
 Lysosome- digest microbes or materials by the cell.
Organelles

 Peroxisome- for oxidation and detoxification and catalase that breaks


down H2O2.
 Centrosomes- organizes microtubules.

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