0% found this document useful (0 votes)
107 views

Operation Management Ch-4:Product Design

The document discusses product design, including its objectives, features of a good design, and the steps involved. Product design aims to conceptualize and realize a product idea by specifying requirements based on production, customers, and other constraints. Key aspects of a good design are functionality, reliability, quality, standardization, and cost-effectiveness. The steps of product design include synthesis, analysis, selection, engineering, prototyping, and gathering feedback for future improvements.

Uploaded by

abduu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
0% found this document useful (0 votes)
107 views

Operation Management Ch-4:Product Design

The document discusses product design, including its objectives, features of a good design, and the steps involved. Product design aims to conceptualize and realize a product idea by specifying requirements based on production, customers, and other constraints. Key aspects of a good design are functionality, reliability, quality, standardization, and cost-effectiveness. The steps of product design include synthesis, analysis, selection, engineering, prototyping, and gathering feedback for future improvements.

Uploaded by

abduu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 19

Operation Management

Ch-4:Product Design
• What is product design?
Objectives of product design
Features of a good product design.
Concepts of product design
Steps of product design
What is product design?
• Product design is conceptualization of an idea about a
product and transformation of the idea into a reality.
• To transform the idea into reality a specification about
the product is prepared.
This specification is prepared by considering different
constraints such as production process, customer
expectation, etc.
In product design stage every aspects of the product are
analyzed.
Also final decision regarding the product is taken on the
basis of the analysis. This decision can be any aspect related
to the product, e.g. dimension and tolerances, type of
material for every components, etc.
What is product design?

• Product design is one of the most important


and sensitive factor for an organization.
Success or failure of the product decides
company’s business, market share and
reputation.
• So during design stage various factors related
to the product needs to be addressed.
Objectives of product design

• To ensure growth of the organization


• To utilize the surplus capacity of the organization, such
• as physical facility, man power, etc.
• To utilize the surplus fund of the organization
• To meet new requirement of the customers
• To increase company’s market share and to target new
market segment
• To ensure complete product range in company’s
portfolio
Features of a good product design

• Functionality: The product must function


properly for intended purpose.
• Reliability: The product must perform
properly for the designated period of time.
• Productivity: The product must be produced
with a required quantity and quality at a defined
and feasible cost.
• Quality: The product must satisfy customer’s
stated and unstated needs.
• Standardization: The product should be
designed in such a fashion so that most of the
components are standardized and easily
available in the market.
• Maintainability: The product must perform
for
a designated period with a minimum and
defined
maintenance. Adequate provision for
maintenance should be kept in the product.
• Cost effectiveness: The product must be cost
effective. The must be manufactured in the most
cost effective environment.
• Research & development:
• Basic research is a search for new knowledge.
It does not have any immediate application,
but based on the basic research new product
can be developed in future. Applied research
has objective of developing commercial
products.
• Reverse engineering:
• Reverse engineering is the process of carefully
dismantling a product, understanding its design
and developing a product which is better than
the existing one.
• CAD-CAM:
• By using 3D modeling software system,
designers develop a computerized model of a
new product and analyze its design
parameters. After computer aided design
(CAD), computer aided manufacturing (CAM)
system produce the product by using CNC
facility.
Concurrent engineering (CE)
• CE is different than conventional approach of
• design. In CE, different co-related teams are formed,
which perform different activities for developing a
product.
• For example, development of market concept, design
of product, development of manufacturing process,
selection and arrangement of material for new design
is performed by different teams at the same time.
• It reduces considerable amount of time to develop a
new product.
• In practice different concepts are combined and
• applied together to design a new product.
Steps of product design
• Synthesis: Try to develop different alternatives
• Sketching: Draw sketches in exact scale for different alternatives
• Analysis: Analysis different alternatives with respect to operability,
• maintainability, inspection, assembling and dismantling issues,
cost
• parameters, production methos, etc.
• Selection: Select the best alternative
• Basic engineering: Prepare layout in exact scale, calculate strength
• of components, select proper cost effective materail.
• Detail design: Prepare detail engineering drawing for each
• component
• Prototype: If option is there, then prepare prototype
and test it Manufacturing: If prototype is not made,
then follow manufacturing steps and solve
manufacturing problems and assembly problems, if any.
• Operation: collect feedback during actual operation of
the new
• product. If any problem exists, try to provide design
based solution.
• Also, implement lessons in the future design.
• Product development: If any modification can be done,
implement
• the same in the next generation product.
Designing Products for Manufacture and
Assembly
• Component Costs (parts of the product)
– Parts purchased from supplier
– Custom parts made in the manufacturer’s own plant or by
suppliers according to the manufacturer’s design specifications
• Assembly Costs (labor, equipment, & tooling)
• Overhead Costs (all other costs)
– Support Costs (material handling, quality assurance, purchasing,
shipping, receiving, facilities, etc.)
– Indirect Allocations (not directly linked to a particular product
but must be paid for to be in business)
Fixed Costs vs. Variable Costs
• Fixed Costs – incurred in a predetermined
amount, regardless of number of units
produced (i.e. setting up the factory work area
or cost of an injection mold)
• Variable Costs – incurred in direct proportion
to the number of units produced (i.e. cost of
raw materials)
Reduce the Cost of Components
• Understand the Process Constraints and Cost
Drivers
• Redesign Components to Eliminate Processing
Steps
• Choose the Appropriate Economic Scale for
the Part Process
• Standardize Components and Processes
• Adhere to “Black Box” Component
Procurement
Reduce the Costs of Assembly
• Design for Assembly (DFA) index
• Integrated Parts (Advantages and
Disadvantages)
• Maximize Ease of Assembly
• Consider Customer Assembly
Consider Customer Assembly
• Customers will tolerate some assembly
• Design product so that customers can easily
and assemble correctly
• Customers will likely ignore directions.

You might also like