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Linear and Angular Measurements

The document discusses various tools used for linear and angular measurement. It describes line standards and end standards used for linear measurement, including calipers, micrometers, bore gauges, and limit gauges. It also discusses instruments for angular measurement such as protractors, sine bars, angle gauges, and clinometers. The key types of tools covered are Vernier calipers, micrometers, plug gauges, ring gauges, protractors, sine bars, and angle gauges.

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Santosh Santu
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
122 views

Linear and Angular Measurements

The document discusses various tools used for linear and angular measurement. It describes line standards and end standards used for linear measurement, including calipers, micrometers, bore gauges, and limit gauges. It also discusses instruments for angular measurement such as protractors, sine bars, angle gauges, and clinometers. The key types of tools covered are Vernier calipers, micrometers, plug gauges, ring gauges, protractors, sine bars, and angle gauges.

Uploaded by

Santosh Santu
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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LINEAR AND ANGULAR

MEASUREMENT
U N I T- I I
LINEAR MEASUREMENT
It is defined as the measurement of length ,diameters,
height and thickness. The instruments used for linear
measurement are applied for line or end measurements.
Line standard:
Which is used to measure the length as the distance
between centres of two scribed lines. EX;- YARD,METER
End standard:
End standard were developed owing to the limitations of
line standards. They represent the standard of length as
the distance between two surfaces. Naturally this requires
a set of (end) standards .EX:END BARS ,MICROMETERS
…
Linear Measurement :-
Non Precision Instruments
1) Calipers
1) firm joint caLlipers (Inside & Outside callipers)
2) spring type callipers (Inside & Outside callipers)
3) Odd leg callipers

Preicision callipers

2) Vernier calliper Least Count -0.02 mm


1) Type A
2) type B
3) type C
A) Vernier height gauge
B) Vernier depth gauge
2) Micrometers Least Count -0.01
1) Outside Micrometer
2)Inside Micrometer
3)Depth micrometer
4)Bench Micrometer
5)Digital micrometer
6)Micrometer with Dial gauge
7)Screw thread micrometer
Bore gauge
1) Dial Bore gauge
2) Hemispherical bore gauge

Telescopic gauge

Slip Gauge

Limit gauge
3) Plug gauge
4)Progressive Plug gauge
5) Ring gauge
6)Snap gauge
7) Progressive snap gauge
Calibration of linear measurement

1)Calibration of vernier calliper


A)Hardness Test on working faces
B) Flatness and squareness of beam
C) Flatness of the working surface
D) Parallelism of the measuring Jaw
E) Accuracy

2)Calibration of micrometer
A)Zero error Test
B)Backlash error
C)Banding Test
D)Parallelism error test
E)Flatness error test
VERNIER DEPTH GAUGE
OUTSIDE MICROMETER
INSIDE MICROMETER
DEPTH MICROMETER
BENCH MICROMETER
SCREW THREAD MICROMETER
DIAL BORE GAUGE
HEMISPERICAL
BORE GAUGE
TELESCOPIC GAUGE
TELESCOPIC BORE GAUGE
APPLICATION OF TELESCOPIC BORE
GAUGE
SLIP GAUGE
WRINGING OF SLIP GAUGE
SLIP GAUGES
LIMIT GAUGE
PLUG DOUBLE ENDED‘GO’ AND ‘NOGO’ GUAGE
PROG
R
GAUG ESSIVE P
E LU G
TAPER PLUG GAUGE
RING GAUGE
RING GAUGE
DOUBLE ENEDED SNAP GAUGE
PROGRESSIVE SNAP
GAUGE
ADJUSTABLE SNAP
GAUGE
Angular measurement
Angular Measurement :-
A)Protractors
1) Vernier Bevel Protactors
2)Universal bevel protactor
3)Optical bevel protactors
b) Sine Bars
C)Sine Centers
D)Angle Gauges
E)Spirit Level
F)Clinometer
1) Vernier clinometer
2)Micromter clinometer
G) Auto Clinometer
H) Angle Dekkor
APPLICATION
OF SLIP
GAUGES
Advantages of sine Bar:-

1) It is used for accurate and precise angular measurement


2) It is available easily
3) Its is cheap

Disadvantage:-

1)The application is limited for a fixed centre distance


between two plugs or rollers.
2) It is difficult to handle and position the slip gauges
If the angle exceeds 45 degree sine bar are impracticable
and inaccurate.
3) Large angular error may result due to slight error in sine
bar
SOURCES OF ERROR IN SINE BAR :-

1) Error in distance between rollers


2) Error in slip gauges combination used for angle setting
3) Error in equality of size of rollers and cylinders accuracy in the
form of rollers.
4) Error in parallelism of roller axes with each other.
5) Error in flatness of the upper surface of the bar
SINE CENTRE
ANGLE GAUGES
SPIRIT LEVEL

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