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Precalculus:: Conic Sections: Circles

This document discusses conic sections and circles. It defines a circle as the set of all points equidistant from a fixed point, called the center. The standard form of a circle equation is (x-h)2 + (y-k)2 = r2, where (h,k) are the coordinates of the center and r is the radius. Some example circle equations and their graphical representations are provided. Methods for determining if a point lies inside, outside, or on a given circle are also described. The general form of a circle equation and how to transform between standard and general forms are outlined.

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Nancy Atentar
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79 views

Precalculus:: Conic Sections: Circles

This document discusses conic sections and circles. It defines a circle as the set of all points equidistant from a fixed point, called the center. The standard form of a circle equation is (x-h)2 + (y-k)2 = r2, where (h,k) are the coordinates of the center and r is the radius. Some example circle equations and their graphical representations are provided. Methods for determining if a point lies inside, outside, or on a given circle are also described. The general form of a circle equation and how to transform between standard and general forms are outlined.

Uploaded by

Nancy Atentar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Precalculus:

CONIC SECTIONS:
CIRCLES
Important Course Concerns
Contact me directly through email:
[email protected]
[email protected] All learning resources, additional readings,
assignment and paper details, and important
announcements will be relayed through:
MATHbyCHUA:
mathbychua.weebly.com
This slideshow presentation will be made available through the class’s official website,
mathbychua.weebly.com. The site will also provide access to download this file in printable format.
Session Objectives
For this two-hour period, SHS students in Precalculus are
expected to develop the following learning competencies:
1. illustrate the different types of 3. determine the standard form
conic sections: parabola, and general form of the
ellipse, circle, hyperbola, and equation of a circle; and
degenerate cases; 4. graph a circle in a rectangular
2. define a circle; coordinate system.

This slideshow presentation will be made available through the class’s official website,
mathbychua.weebly.com. The site will also provide access to download this file in printable format.
1 Conic Sections
Intersections of cones and planes
Starting with Basics
Explain the following mathematical terms:

◉ Undefined Terms in Geometry


◉ Intersecting lines
◉ Parallel lines
◉ Perpendicular lines
◉ Angle
◉ Cone
What are CONIC
SECTIONS?
If a plane intersects a double right circular cones, the intersection is a two-
dimensional curve of different types. These curves are called conic sections.

Also called conics, these different types are:

PARABOLA
CIRCLE ELLIPSE HYPERBOLA
What are CONIC SECTIONS?

PARABOLA
CIRCLE ELLIPSE
HYPERBOLA
DEGENERATE CASES
center
CIRCLES
A circle is the set of all points
equidistant to a fixed point.

radius
EQUATION OF A CIRLE
Consider a circle
plotted on the
Cartesian Coordinate
plane.
Determine the
coordinates of the
center and its radius.
EQUATION OF A CIRLE
 𝑃 ( 𝑥 , 𝑦)
Assume that we do
not know the actual
coordinates of the  𝐶 (h , 𝑘 )
center.

What if the center is


at the point of
origin?
STANDARD FORM
of the equation of a circle
◉   standard form of the equation of a circle whose center
The
is at the origin with radius, r, is

For any circle whose center have coordinates (h, k) with


radius, r, the standard form of its equation is
STANDARD FORM
of the equation of a circle
◉   the standard form of the equation of the circle
Give
described in each item below.

1. Center at the origin,


2. and containing
3. and containing
EQUATION OF A CIRLE
Solve for the equation of the following
circles:
◉ circle A
◉ circle B
◉ center (5,−6), tangent to the y-axis
◉ center (5,−6), tangent to the x-axis
◉ has a diameter with endpoints
A(−1, 4) and B(4, 2)
IN, ON, or OUT
◉ 
Consider the circle with equation,

Determine the location of the following points relative to


the circle.
1. P (-2, 14)
2. Q (-6, 6)
3. R (-10, 9)
4. S (7, 9)
GENERAL FORM
of the equation of a circle

◉  The general form of the equation of a circle is

where
GENERAL FORM
of the equation of a circle
◉ 
Transform the following equations into the general form:
Transforming equations
◉ 
Transform the following equations into the standard form:
Transforming equations
◉ 
Group the terms based on the
variables.
Complete the square to make each
group of terms a perfect square
trinomial (PST). Add the constants
of the PSTs to the right side.
Express the PSTs as squares of
binomials

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