TEXT

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Overview

• Importance of text in a multimedia presentation.

• Understanding fonts and typefaces.

• Using text elements in a multimedia presentation.

• Computers and text.

• Font editing and design tools.

• Multimedia and hypertext.

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Importance of Text in a Multimedia

Presentation
• Words and symbols in any form, spoken or written, are the most common means of
communication.

• Text is a vital element of multimedia menus, navigation systems, and content.

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Importance of Text in a Multimedia

Presentation
Factors affecting legibility of text:

– Size.

– Background and foreground color.

– Style.

– Leading.

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Understanding Fonts and Typefaces

• A ‘typeface’ is a family of graphic characters that usually includes many type sizes
and styles.

• A ‘font’ is a collection of characters of a single size and style belonging to a particular

typeface family.

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Understanding Fonts and Typefaces

The study of fonts and typefaces includes the following:

– Font styles.

– Font sizes.

– Cases.

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Font Styles

Font styles include:

– Boldface

– Italic

– Underlining

– Outlining

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Font Sizes

• Font size is measured in points.

• Character metrics are the general measurements applied to individual characters.

• Kerning is the spacing between character pairs.

• Leading is the space between lines.

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Cases

• A capitalized letter is referred to as 'uppercase', while a small letter is referred to as

'lowercase.'

• Placing an uppercase letter in the middle of a word is referred to as intercap.

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Serif Versus Sans Serif

• Serif is the little decoration at the end of a letter stroke.

• Serif fonts are used for body text.

• Sans serif fonts do not have a serif at the end of a letter stroke.

• These fonts are used for headlines and bold statements.

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Using Text Elements in a Multimedia

Presentation
The text elements used in multimedia are:

– Menus for navigation.

– Interactive buttons.

– Fields for reading.

– HTML documents.

– Symbols and icons.

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Menus for Navigation

• A user navigates through content using a menu.

• A simple menu consists of a text list of topics.

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Interactive Buttons

• A button is a clickable object that executes a command when activated.

• Users can create their own buttons from bitmaps and graphics.

• The design and labeling of the buttons should be treated as an industrial art project.

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Fields for Reading

• Reading a hard copy is easier and faster than reading from the computer screen.

• A document can be printed in one of two orientations - portrait or landscape.

• The taller-than-wide orientation used for printing documents is called portrait.

• The wider-than-tall orientation that is normal to monitors is called landscape.

Lanscape Potrait

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HTML Documents

• HTML stands for Hypertext Markup Language.

• It is the standard document format used for Web pages.

• HTML documents are marked using tags.

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HTML Documents

• An advanced form of HTML is DHTML.

• DHTML stands for Dynamic Hypertext Markup Language.

• DHTML uses Cascading Style Sheets (CSS).

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HTML Documents

Some of the commonly used tags are:

– The <B> tag for making text bold faced.

– The <OL> tag for creating an ordered list.

– The <IMG> tag for inserting images.

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Symbols and Icons

• Symbols are concentrated text in the form of stand-alone graphic constructs.

• They are used to convey meaningful messages.

• Symbols used to convey human emotions are called emoticons.

• Icons are symbolic representations of objects and processes.

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Character Sets

• The American Standard Code for Information Interchange (ASCII) is a 7-bit coding
system.

• The extended character set is commonly filled with ANSI standard characters.

• The ISO-Latin-1 character set is used while programming the text of HTML pages.

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Character Sets

• Unicode is a 16-bit architecture for multilingual text and character encoding.

• The shared symbols of each character set are unified into collections of symbols
called scripts.

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Character Sets

Mapping across platforms:

– Fonts and characters are not cross-platform compatible.

– They must be mapped to the other machine using font substitution.

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Font Editing and Design Tools

• Macromedia Fontographer.

• Creating attractive texts.

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Macromedia Fontographer

• Fontographer is a specialized graphics editor.

• It is compatible with both Macintosh and Windows platform.

• It can be used to develop PostScript, TrueType, and bitmapped fonts.

• It can also modify existing typefaces and incorporate PostScript artwork.

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Creating Attractive Texts

Applications that are used to enhance texts and images include:

• Adobe Photoshop

• TypeStyler

• COOL 3D

• HotTEXT

• TypeCaster

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Summary

• Text is one of the most important elements of multimedia.

• The standard document format used for Web pages is called HTML.

• A hypertext system enables the user to navigate through text in a non-linear way.

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Reference

Vaughan, Multimedia: Making It Work, Seventh Edition, McGraw Hill, New York.

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End of Lecture

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