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Network Theorems: S o U R Ce: Circuit Analysis: Theory and Practice Delmar Cengage Learning

This document discusses several network theorems including superposition, Thévenin's, Norton's, and maximum power transfer. It provides examples and steps for applying each theorem to calculate voltages, currents, resistances, and power in various circuits. Key points covered include using superposition to find total current or voltage by adding effects of individual sources, and reducing networks to simplified two-terminal circuits using Thévenin's or Norton's theorems.

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Reselyn Palabino
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63 views

Network Theorems: S o U R Ce: Circuit Analysis: Theory and Practice Delmar Cengage Learning

This document discusses several network theorems including superposition, Thévenin's, Norton's, and maximum power transfer. It provides examples and steps for applying each theorem to calculate voltages, currents, resistances, and power in various circuits. Key points covered include using superposition to find total current or voltage by adding effects of individual sources, and reducing networks to simplified two-terminal circuits using Thévenin's or Norton's theorems.

Uploaded by

Reselyn Palabino
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Chapter 09

Network Theorems
Outline
 Superposition Theory
 Thévenin’s Theory
 Norton’s Theory
 Maximum Power Transfer
 Millman’s Theorem

C-C Tsai 2
Superposition Theorem
 Total current through or voltage across a
resistor or branch
 Determine by adding effects due to each source
acting independently
 Replace a voltage source with a short
 Replace a current source with an open
 Find results of branches using each source
independently
 Algebraically combine results

C-C Tsai 3
Example: Superposition Theorem
IL= IL(1)+IL(2) =-0.7A
Find IL
PRL= 7.84W
PRL(1)+PRL(2)=27.04W

IL(2) = -2*24/40=-1.2A
P(2)=23.04W
IL(1) = 20/40=0.5A
Replace a voltage P(1)=4W
source with a short Replace a current
C-C Tsai
source with an open 4
Using Source Conversion
Find IL

C-C Tsai 5
Using Nodal Analysis
Find IL

C-C Tsai 6
Using Superposition Theorem
Find IL

C-C Tsai 7
Superposition Theorem
 Superpositon Theorem does not apply to
power
 Power is Not a linear quantity
 Found by squaring voltage or current

 To find power using superposition


 Determine voltage or current
 Calculate power

C-C Tsai 8
Example: Superposition Theorem
Find VR2 VR2(1) = -4V

VR2(3) = 12V VR2(2) = 3V

C-C Tsai 9
Thévenin’s Theorem
 Any linear bilateral network can be reduced to a
simplified two-terminal circuit with a single
voltage source in series with a single resistor
 Voltage source: Thévenin equivalent voltage, ETh.
 Series resistance: Thévenin equivalent resistance,
RTh.

C-C Tsai 10
Thévenin’s Theorem
Steps to convert to a Thévenin circuit
 Identify and remove load from circuit

 Replace voltage sources with shorts, current

sources with opens to determine Thévenin


equivalent resistance as seen by open circuit.
 Replace sources and calculate voltage across

open (If there is more than one source,


Superposition theorem could be used) to
determine Thévenin equivalent voltage as
seen by open circuit.
 Draw Thévenin equivalent circuit, including

load
C-C Tsai 11
Example1: Thévenin’s Theorem
Calculate the current through RL

C-C Tsai 12
Using Thévenin’s Theorem
IRL = ?

C-C Tsai 13
Example2: Thévenin’s Theorem
Calculate the current through RL

C-C Tsai 14
Example3: Thévenin’s Theorem
Calculate the current through R5
RTh

ETh

C-C Tsai 15
Example3: Thévenin’s Theorem
Calculate the current through R5

C-C Tsai 16
Norton’s Theorem
 Similar to Thévenin circuit
 Any linear bilateral network cab be reduced to
a two-terminal circuit with a single
current source in parallel with a single
resistor
 IN is Norton equivalent current
 RN = RTh , equivalent resistance

C-C Tsai 17
Norton’s Theorem
Steps to convert to a Norton circuit
 Identify and remove load from circuit
 Determine open-circuit resistance, i.e., Norton

equivalent resistance.
 Replace sources and determine current that would

flow through a short place between two


terminals. This current is the Norton equivalent
current
 For multiple sources, superposition theorem could

be used
 Draw the Norton equivalent circuit including the

load
C-C Tsai 18
Norton’s Theorem
 Norton equivalent circuit may be determined
directly from a Thévenin circuit by using source
transformation theorem

C-C Tsai 19

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