CIRCLE

UTSAV ADHIKARI
INTEL INSTTUTE
- Closed curve
- Every Point on curve is equidistance from center
- The constant distance from center to curve is radius of that circle.

OTHER
MAJOR
PARTS OF
CIRCLE
 CIRCLE IN ALGEBRA
• Central form equation
1
• Standard Equation

• Diametric Equation
2

• General Equation
3
Central Form
Equation

-center in any point

(h,k)

-radius ‘r’

-Let (x,y) be any

point on
circumference of
given circle
Central
Form
Equation
Standard Equation

-if center is origin i.e (0,0)

h=0
k=0
so,

x2 + y2 = r 2
the equation of circle
having center (8,1)
and radius 3 is:
the equation of circle
having center (8,1)
and radius 3 is:
the equation of circle
having center (8,1) and
radius 3units is:
Here,
(h,k) = (8,1)
r = 3 units
so the equn is:
(x-h)2 + (y-k)2 = r2
or, (x-8)2 + (x-1)2 = 32
or, (x-8)2 + (x-1)2 = 9 is
the required equn.
Find the center and radius of the circle
whose equation is x2+y2+4x-6y+4=0.
Find the center and radius of the circle
whose equation is x2+y2+4x-6y+4=0.
Here,
x2+y2+4x-6y+4=0
now, factorization
Find the center and radius of the circle
whose equation is x2+y2+4x-6y+4=0.
Here,
x2+y2+4x-6y+4=0
now, factorization
x2 + 4x +y2 - 6y + 4 = 0
Find the center and radius of the circle whose
equation is x2+y2+4x-6y+4=0.
Here,
x2+y2+4x-6y+4=0
now, factorization
x2 + 4x +y2 - 6y + 4 = 0
or, x2 + 4x + 4 – 4 + y2 – 6y + 9 – 9 + 4 =
0
or, (x + 2 )2 – 4 + (y – 3)2 – 9 + 4 = 0
or, (x + 2)2 + (y – 3)2 = 4 + 9 – 4
or, (x + 2)2 + (y – 3)2 = 32
Find the center and radius of the circle whose
equation is x2+y2+4x-6y+4=0.
Here,
x2+y2+4x-6y+4=0
now, factorization
x2 + 4x +y2 - 6y + 4 = 0
or, x2 + 4x + 4 – 4 + y2 – 6y + 9 – 9 + 4 =
0
or, (x + 2 )2 – 4 + (y – 3)2 – 9 + 4 = 0
or, (x + 2)2 + (y – 3)2 = 4 + 9 – 4
or, (x + 2)2 + (y – 3)2 = 32
now comparing with
(x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2
Find the center and radius of the circle
whose equation is x2+y2+4x-6y+4=0.
Here,
x2+y2+4x-6y+4=0
now, factorization
x2 + 4x +y2 - 6y + 4 = 0
or, x2 + 4x + 4 – 4 + y2 – 6y + 9 – 9 + 4
=0
or, (x + 2 )2 – 4 + (y – 3)2 – 9 + 4 = 0
or, (x + 2)2 + (y – 3)2 = 4 + 9 – 4
or,(x + 2)2 + (y – 3)2 = 32
now comparing with
(x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2
so,
h= -2 k=3 r=3
Find the center and radius of the circle whose
equation is x2+y2+4x-6y+4=0.
Here,
x2+y2+4x-6y+4=0
now, factorization
x2 + 4x +y2 - 6y + 4 = 0
or, x2 + 4x + 4 – 4 + y2 – 6y + 9 – 9 + 4 =
0
or, (x + 2 )2 – 4 + (y – 3)2 – 9 + 4 = 0
or, (x + 2)2 + (y – 3)2 = 4 + 9 – 4
or, (x + 2)2 + (y – 3)2 = 32
now comparing with
(x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2
so,
h= -2 k=3 r=3
center = (h,k) = (-2,3)
radius = r = 3
Find the center and radius of the circle whose
equation is x2+y2+4x-6y+4=0.
Here,
x2+y2+4x-6y+4=0
now, factorization
x2 + 4x +y2 - 6y + 4 = 0
or, x2 + 4x + 4 – 4 + y2 – 6y + 9 – 9 + 4 = 0
or, (x + 2 )2 – 4 + (y – 3)2 – 9 + 4 = 0
or, (x + 2)2 + (y – 3)2 = 4 + 9 – 4
or, (x + 2)2 + (y – 3)2 = 32
now comparing with
(x – h)2 + (y – k)2 = r2
so,
h= -2 k=3 r=3
center = (h,k) = (-2,3)
radius = r = 3

NOW,
FIND THE AREA OF CIRCLE!!
Diametric Equation
(x1 , y1) and (x2 , y2) are the two ends of diameter
Let (x, y) be any point on the circumference of
circle.

(x – x1)(x – x2) + (y – y1)(y – y2) = 0

If two ends of diameter of a circle are A(1,2) and B(3,1) then the equation is
If two ends of diameter of a circle are A(1,2) and B(3,1) then the equation is

solution,
here,
(x1, y1) = (1,2)
(x2, y2) = (3, 1)
If two ends of diameter of a circle are A(1,2) and B(3,1) then the equation is

solution,
here,
(x1, y1) = (1,2)
(x2, y2) = (3, 1)
replacing values in equation
(x – x1)(x – x2) + (y – y1)(y – y2) = 0
we get,
(x – 1)(x – 3) + (y – 3)(y - 1) = 0 is the required equation of circle.
General Equation of Circle
• The General Form of the equation of a circle is x2 + y2 + 2gx +2fy + c = 0.
• The center of the circle is (-g, -f) and the radius is √(g2 + f2 - c).

x2 + y2 + 2gx +2fy + c = 0

General Equation of Circle x2 + y2 + 2gx +2fy + c = 0
It is the expanded form of central form equation.
General Equation of Circle
It is the expanded form of central form equation.

x2 + y2 + 2gx +2fy + c = 0

We know, center is (h,k) = (-g,-f)
For radius, c = h2 + k2 – r2
or, r = √(g2 + f2 - c).
(replacing values of h and k)
The area of circle x2+y2 – 2x + • Here comparing the equation
8y + 16 = 0 is
a. 36 pi x2+y2 – 2x + 8y + 16 = 0
b. 24 pi With
c. pi
d. 16 pi x2 + y2 + 2gx +2fy + c = 0

now,
radius = r = √(g2 + f2 - c).

= √((-1)2 + 42 - 16).
= 1 unit
• 2g = -2 g = -1
so area = 12* pi = pi sq. un.
• 2f = 8 f=4
• c= 16
The area of circle x2+y2 – 2x + • Here comparing the equation
8y + 16 = 0 is
a. 36 pi x2+y2 – 2x + 8y + 16 = 0
b. 24 pi With
c. pi
d. 16 pi x2 + y2 + 2gx +2fy + c = 0

now,
radius = r = √(g2 + f2 - c).

= √((-1)2 + 42 - 16).
= 1 unit
• 2g = -2 g = -1
so area = 12* pi = pi sq. un.
• 2f = 8 f=4
• c= 16
POSSIBLE QUESTIONS
The equations of diameter of circle x2 + y2 –
16x + 4y -32 = 0 be x + y = 6 and x + 2y = 4, then the
radius of given circle is
a. 5 units
b. 10 units
c. 15 units
d. 20 units
POSSIBLE QUESTIONS • We do not need the equations of
diameter to solve this
The equations of diameter of circle x + y 2 2
–

question!!!!!
16x + 4y -32 = 0 be x + y = 6 and x + 2y = 4, then the
radius of given circle is
a. 5 units
b. 10 units
c. 15 units
d. 20 units
POSSIBLE QUESTIONS • We do not need the equations of
diameter to solve this
The equations of diameter of circle x + y 2 2
–

question!!!!!
16x + 4y -32 = 0 be x + y = 6 and x + 2y = 4, then the
radius of given circle is
a. 5 units
b. 10 units
c. 15 units
d. 20 units

• Here, x2 + y2 – 16x + 4y -32 =0

2g = -16 >>>>> g = -8
2f= 4 >>>>> f = 2
c= - 32
POSSIBLE QUESTIONS  • We do not need the equations of
diameter to solve this
The equations of diameter of circle x + y 2 2
–

question!!!!!
16x + 4y -32 = 0 be x + y = 6 and x + 2y = 4, then the
radius of given circle is
a. 5 units
b. 10 units
c. 15 units
d. 20 units

2 2
r = [(-8) + 2 + (-32)]

• Here, x2 + y2 – 16x + 4y -32 =0

= 10 units
2g = -16 >>>>> g = -8
2f= 4 >>>>> f = 2
c= - 32
POSSIBLE QUESTIONS  • We do not need the equations of
diameter to solve this
The equations of diameter of
circle x2 + y2 – 16x + 4y -32 = 0 be x + y question!!!!!
= 6 and x + 2y = 4, then the radius of given circle
is
a. 5 units
b. 10 units
c. 15 units
d. 20 units
• Here, x2 + y2 – 16x + 4y -32 =0
2 2
r = [(-8) + 2 + (-32)]
2g = -16 >>>>> g = -8
= 10 units 2f= 4 >>>>> f = 2
c= - 32
POSSIBLE QUESTIONS

The radius of the circle x2 + y2 – 2x – 3y –k = 0 is

5/2 then k =
a. 2
b. 3
c. 4
d. 5
POSSIBLE QUESTIONS

The radius of the circle x2 + y2 – 2x – 3y –k = 0 is • Here,

5/2 then k = 2g = - 2 >>>>> g = -1
a. 2
b. 3 2f = -3 >>>>>> f = -3/2
c. 4
d. 5 c = -k
POSSIBLE QUESTIONS

The radius of the circle x2 + y2 – 2x – 3y –k = 0 is • Here,

5/2 then k = 2g = - 2 >>>>> g = -1
a. 2
b. 3 2f = -3 >>>>>> f = -3/2
c. 4
d. 5 c = -k

•  We know,
radius =
(5/2)2 = (-1)2 + (-3/2)2 – (-k)
Solving,
K=3
POSSIBLE QUESTIONS

The radius of the circle x2 + y2 – 2x – 3y –k = 0 is • Here,

5/2 then k = 2g = - 2 >>>>> g = -1
a. 2
b. 3 2f = -3 >>>>>> f = -3/2
c. 4
d. 5 c = -k

•  We know,
radius =
(5/2)2 = (-1)2 + (-3/2)2 – (-k)
Solving,
K=3
POSSIBLE QUESTIONS

The center of circle 4x2 + 4y2 + 8x + 48y -4 = 0 is

a. (4,24)
b. (-4,-24)
c. (1,6)
d. (-1,-6)
POSSIBLE QUESTIONS

The center of circle 4x2 + 4y2 + 8x + 48y -4 = 0 is Here,

a. (4,24) Firstly dividing given equn by 4 on both sides
b. (-4,-24)
c. (1,6) x2 + y2 + 2x + 12y -1 = 0
d. (-1,-6)
So, g = 1, f = 6, c =-1
POSSIBLE QUESTIONS

The center of circle 4x2 + 4y2 + 8x + 48y -4 = 0 is Here,

a. (4,24) Firstly dividing given equn by 4 on both sides
b. (-4,-24)
c. (1,6) x2 + y2 + 2x + 12y -1 = 0
d. (-1,-6)
So, g = 1, f = 6, c =-1

• So the center of circle is

(-g , -f) = (-1, -6)
POSSIBLE QUESTIONS

The center of circle 4x2 + 4y2 + 8x + 48y -4 = 0 is Here,

a. (4,24) Firstly dividing given equn by 4 on both sides
b. (-4,-24)
c. (1,6) x2 + y2 + 2x + 12y -1 = 0
d. (-1,-6)
So, g = 1, f = 6, c =-1

• So the center of circle is

(-g , -f) = (-1, -6)
 POINT CIRCLE
POINT CIRCLE IS A CIRCLE WHOSE RADIUS
IS EQUAL TO ZERO!
- The circumference and area of such circle is
also zero
- If g2 + f2 – c = 0 then such circle is called
point circle!
i.e. g2 + f2 = c
 POINT CIRCLE
POINT CIRCLE IS A CIRCLE WHOSE RADIUS
IS EQUAL TO ZERO!
- The circumference and area of such circle is
also zero
- If g2 + f2 – c = 0 then such circle is called
point circle!
i.e. g2 + f2 = c

A point "circle" is just a point; it's

a circle with a radius of zero (hence a
degenerate circle). 
 POINT CIRCLE

POINT CIRCLE IS A CIRCLE WHOSE RADIUS IS

EQUAL TO ZERO!
- The circumference and area of such circle is also
zero
- If g2 + f2 – c = 0 then such circle is called point
circle!
i.e. g2 + f2 = c

A point "circle" is just a point; it's a circle with a

radius of zero (hence a degenerate circle). 
 POINT CIRCLE

If x2 + y2 + 4x +6y + k = 0 is a point circle, find the

value of k.
a. 11
b. 12
c. 13
d. 14
 POINT CIRCLE Here,
g= 2
f=3
c=k
We know

If x2 + y2 + 4x + 6y + k = 0 is a point circle, find the For a point circle

value of k.
a. 11 g2+ f 2 = c
b. 12 22 + 32 = k
c. 13
So, k = 13

d. 14
 POINT CIRCLE Here,
g= 2
f=3
c=k
We know

If x2 + y2 + 4x + 6y + k = 0 is a point circle, find the For a point circle

value of k.
a. 11 g2+ f 2 = c
b. 12 22 + 32 = k
c. 13
So, k = 13

d. 14
 IMAGINARY CIRCLE
IF g2 + f2 – c is less than zero or if the radius is found to
be square root of any negative number then such
circle is called imaginary circle.

Here,
g 2 + f2 – c < 0
i.e.
g2 + f2< c
 IMAGINARY CIRCLE
IF g2 + f2 – c is less than zero or if the radius is found to
be square root of any negative number then such
circle is called imaginary circle.

Here,
g 2 + f2 – c < 0
i.e.
g2 + f2< c

The circle x2 + y2 + 2x + 19y + 666 = 0 is a

a. Imaginary circle
b. Real circle
c. Point circle
d. none
 IMAGINARY CIRCLE
IF g2 + f2 – c is less than zero or if the radius is found to
be square root of any negative number then such
circle is called imaginary circle.

Here,
g 2 + f2 – c < 0
i.e.
g2 + f2< c

The circle x2 + y2 + 2x + 19y + 666 = 0 is a The circle x2 + 2y2 + 3x + 2y +7 =0 is a

a. Imaginary circle a. Imaginary circle
b. Real circle b. Real circle
c. Point circle c. Point circle
d. none d. none
 Important notes:

if x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0
Then the point lies in the
circumference of the given circle
 Important notes:

if x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0
Then the point lies in the
circumference of the given circle

if x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c > 0

Then the point lies outside
the circumference of given circle
 Important notes:

if x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0
Then the point lies in the
circumference of the given circle

if x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c > 0

Then the point lies outside
the circumference of given circle

if x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c < 0

Then the point lies outside
the circumference of given circle
 Important notes:

if x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c = 0
Then the point lies in the
circumference of the given circle

if x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c > 0

Then the point lies outside
the circumference of given circle

if x2 + y2 + 2gx + 2fy + c < 0

Then the point lies inside
the circumference of given circle
 Misc. question
The center of the circle through origin, (p,0) and (0,q)
is
a. (0,q)
b. (p/2 , q/2)
c. (2p, 2q)
d. (0,0)
 Misc. question
The center of the circle through origin, (p,0) and (0,q)
is
a. (0,q)
b. (p/2 , q/2)
c. (2p, 2q)
d. (0,0)
 Misc. question
The center of the circle through origin, (p,0) and (0,q)
is
a. (0,q)
b. (p/2 , q/2)
c. (2p, 2q)
d. (0,0)
 Misc. question
The center of the circle through origin, (p,0) and (0,q)
is
a. (0,q)
b. (p/2 , q/2)
c. (2p, 2q)
d. (0,0)
 Misc. question
The center of the circle through origin, (p,0) and (0,q)
is
a. (0,q)
b. (p/2 , q/2)
c. (2p, 2q)
d. (0,0)
 Misc. question
The center of the circle through origin, (p,0) and (0,q)
is
a. (0,q)
b. (p/2 , q/2)
c. (2p, 2q)
d. (0,0)
 Misc. question
The center of the circle through (1,1), (1,5) and (-1,3)
is
a. (1,3)
b. (1,5)
c. (1,-3)
d. (1,-5)
 Misc. question
The center of the circle through (1,1), (1,5) and (-1,3)
is
a. (1,3)
b. (1,5)
c. (1,-3)
d. (1,-5)
 Misc. question
The center of the circle through (1,1), (1,5) and (-1,3)
is
a. (1,3)
b. (1,5)
c. (1,-3)
d. (1,-5)
 Misc. question
The center of the circle through (1,1), (1,5) and (-1,3)
is
a. (1,3)
b. (1,5)
c. (1,-3)
d. (1,-5)
 Misc. question
The center of the circle through (1,1), (1,5) and (-1,3)
is
a. (1,3)
b. (1,5)
c. (1,-3)
d. (1,-5)

R12 = (h+1)2 + (y -3)2

R22 = (h-1)2 + (y-5)2
R32 = (h-1)2 + (y-1)2
Since, R1 =R2=R3
So, R12 = R22 = R32
 Misc. question
The center of the circle through (1,1), (1,5) and (-1,3)
is
a. (1,3)
b. (1,5)
c. (1,-3)
d. (1,-5)
R12 = (h+1)2 + (y -3)2 …… i
R22 = (h-1)2 + (y-5)2…….ii
R32 = (h-1)2 + (y-1)2……..iii
Since, R1 =R2=R3
So, R12 = R22 = R32

From ii and iii

(y-5)2 = (y-1)2
y2 - 10y + 25 = y2 – 2y + 1
-8y = -24
So, y = 3
 Misc. question
The center of the circle through (1,1), (1,5) and (-1,3)
is
a. (1,3)
b. (1,5)
c. (1,-3)
d. (1,-5)
R12 = (h+1)2 + (k -3)2 …… i
R22 = (h-1)2 + (k-5)2…….ii
R32 = (h-1)2 + (k-1)2……..iii
Since, R1 =R2=R3 =r
So, R12 = R22 = R32

From ii and iii Now replacing k = 3 in i and ii We get,

(k-5)2 = (k-1)2 h=1
k2 - 10k + 25 = k2 – 2k + 1
-8k = -24
So, k = 3
 Misc. question
The center of the circle through (1,1), (1,5) and (-1,3)
is
a. (1,3)
b. (1,5)
c. (1,-3)
d. (1,-5)
R12 = (h+1)2 + (k -3)2 …… i
R22 = (h-1)2 + (k-5)2…….ii
R32 = (h-1)2 + (k-1)2……..iii
Since, R1 =R2=R3 =r
So, R12 = R22 = R32

From ii and iii Now replacing k = 3 in i and ii We get,

(k-5)2 = (k-1)2 h=1
k2 - 10k + 25 = k2 – 2k + 1 So center is (1,3)
-8k = -24
So, k = 3