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Classificaition of Plain Carbon Steel

This document discusses plain carbon steels, which are categorized as low, medium, or high carbon steels based on their carbon content. Low carbon steels include dead soft mild steel suitable for deep drawing, carburizing steel which can be surface hardened, and construction mild steel used for structures. Medium carbon steel is often quench hardened for strength and toughness in applications like gears. High carbon steel is quench hardened and lightly tempered for hardness in tools. The limitations of plain carbon steel include maximum strength of 700MPa and susceptibility to distortion during hardening. Alloying elements are added to overcome these limitations and provide specific properties.

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117 views10 pages

Classificaition of Plain Carbon Steel

This document discusses plain carbon steels, which are categorized as low, medium, or high carbon steels based on their carbon content. Low carbon steels include dead soft mild steel suitable for deep drawing, carburizing steel which can be surface hardened, and construction mild steel used for structures. Medium carbon steel is often quench hardened for strength and toughness in applications like gears. High carbon steel is quench hardened and lightly tempered for hardness in tools. The limitations of plain carbon steel include maximum strength of 700MPa and susceptibility to distortion during hardening. Alloying elements are added to overcome these limitations and provide specific properties.

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Sakib Rafee
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© © All Rights Reserved
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Name 205

Shipbuilding Materials and Metallurgy

Present No: 10a


Prof. Dr. Md. Abdul Gafur
PP&PDC, BCSIR and Adjunct Faculty, MIST

Plain Carbon Steel


Plain Carbon Steel
Class
• Low Carbon Steel (Mild steel) upto 0.3%C
• Medium Carbon Steel 0.3-0.6% C
• High Carbon Steel 0.6-1.4%C
Low Carbon Steel: a. Dead Soft Mild Steel (0.05-
0.1%C), b. Curburizing steel (0.1-0.2%C) and c.
Construction mild steel (0.2-0.3%C)
Dead Soft Mild Steel:
 is made as rimming steel, hot and cold workrd sheet,
strip, rod wire, and tube, available as hot worked or
annealed condition, suitable for deep drawing
( excellent ductility with low strength) motor car-
bodies, refrigerators, Wshing machine, office
furnytures, pressings, rivets and nails.
Carburizing steel
 Low hardness and strength. Can be carburized to
give wear resistant surface and tough core. Difficult
to rapid machining due to its ductility, using 0.2-
0.3%S, 1%MnMnS increased  improves
machinability.
Construction Mild steel
 Strength increased, ductility decreased,
fabrication qualities are good. Hot rolled palte are
used for making boilers, ships and vehicles,
section (girders, beams, joist) for bridge and ships.
90% of steel used in this class.
Medium carbon Steel
 Often quenced-hardened, fully tempered good
strength with maximum toughnessused for
shafts, gears and connecting rod. Steel (0.4-
0.5%C) can be surface hardened by localized
heating and cooling.(induction hardening)
High Carbon Steel
 Quenched-hardened and lightly temperedhigh
hardness, limited toughness
 Used for small, inexpensive cutting tool
0.6-0.8%C Dies, springs, wire ropes and railway tires
0.8-1%C Cold chisels, shear blades, punches, hammers
1-1.2%C Files, Axes, saws, knives
1.2-1.4%C Razors, drills, wood-cutting and metal cutting tool

• Low hardenability
• Major loss of hardness on tempering
• Low corrosion and oxidation resistance
• Low strength at elevated temperature
Limitation of Plain Carbon Steel
• Maximum TS-700 Mpa if reasonable
toughness and ductility are required
• Large section can not be effectively hardened
• Water quenching is required for full hardening
 risk of distortion and cracking
• Rapid softening above 300oC limits their
use for high temperature
• Poor resistance to corrosion and to oxidation
at elevated temperature
To overcome these limitation
• Alloying is required to give specific properties
• Alloying elements are: Mn, Ni, Cr, Mo, W, V, Co
and Si

End

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