Internal

MapInfo
Professional

www.huawei.com

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  Course Purpose:
 Understanding GIS features.
 Role in RF Planning and Optimization.
 Learn some MI tools.

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 Chapter 1 Introduction

Chapter 2 Basic Information

Chapter 3 Putting Your Data on the Map

Chapter 4 Understanding Your Data

Chapter 5 Drawing and Editing Objects

Chapter 6 Selecting and Querying Data

Chapter 7 Creating Thematic Maps, Legends

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 Chapter 8 Buffering and Working with Objects

Chapter 9 Overview of Coordinate System

and projection

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 Chapter 1 Introduction

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 Introduction
 MapInfo:

 It is a GIS tool
 Playing with Digital Map
 Provide a platform of various RF planning and simulation
tool

 What we can do with MapInfo?

 You can display your data as points, as
thematically shaded regions, as pie or bar
charts, as districts, etc.
 You can create regions, combine and split
objects, You can also make queries against
your data

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 Introduction

 Example shows here sites having Tilt in it

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 Chapter 2 Basic Information

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 Basic Information
Configuring the MapInfo Professional Preferences

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 Basic Information
Configuring the MapInfo Professional Preferences

Change Units

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 Basic Information
Configuring the MapInfo Professional Preferences

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 Basic Information
Starting MapInfo

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 Basic Information
Starting MapInfo

File Format Types Supported

Open capability in MapInfo Professional:
• TAB: MapInfo .TAB files (*.tab)
• WOR: MapInfo workspace files (*.wor)
• MDB: Microsoft Access files (*.mdb)
• DBF: dBASE DBF files (*.dbf)
• TXT: Delimited ASCII files (*.txt)
• WKS: Lotus 1-2-3 files (*.wk1, *.wks, *.wk3, *.wk4)
• XLS: Microsoft Excel files (*.xls)
• SHP: ESRI Shapefiles (*.shp)
• Raster image files (*.bil, *.sid, *.gen, *.adf, *.img, *.ntf, *.ecw, *.url, *.tif, *.grc, *.bmp,
*.gif, *.tga,
*.jpg, *.pcx, *. jp2, *.j2k, *.png, *.psd, *.wmf, *.emf, *.map)
• Grid images (*.adf, *.flt, *.txt, *.asc, *.img, *.dem, *.dt0, *.dt1, *.dt2, *.mig, *.grd)
• CSV: Comma Delimited files (*.csv)

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 Basic Information
Starting MapInfo

•Import File Format

• MIF: MapInfo Professional Interchange Format. MapInfo Professional’s data interchange

format (ASCII file format).
• DXF: The graphic/data interchange format for AutoCAD and other CAD packages.
• MBI: MapInfo Professional Boundary Interchange format. An ASCII file for MapInfo DOS
boundary files.
• MMI: MapInfo DOS MMI
• IMG: A file format for MapInfo Professional for DOS image files.
• GML: OS MasterMap format.
• GML/XML: Geographic Markup Language 2.1 (*.gml, *.xml)

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 Basic Information
What is a Layer?

Computer maps are organized into layers. Think of the layers as transparencies that are
stacked on top of one another. Each layer contains different aspects of the whole map.

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 Basic Information
What is a Layer?
• In MapInfo Professional you begin by opening your table of data and displaying it in a
Map window. Each table displays as a separate layer. Each layer contains the
table plus any map objects, such as regions, points, lines, and text.
Additionally, the layer contains style overrides and zoom layering
characteristics that you can add to give the layer more or less prominence in the
Map window.

• Map layers form the building blocks of maps in MapInfo Professional. Once you
have created your layers, you can customize them in a variety of ways, add
and delete Layers, or reorder them.

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 Basic Information
Map Objects as Part of Layers
• Regions: closed objects that cover a given area. These include polygons, ellipses,
and rectangles. For example, country boundaries, postal code boundaries, sales
territories.
• Point objects: represent single locations of data. For example, customer locations,
restaurants, parking meters. Points can also be combined into multipoint objects.
• Line objects: open objects that cover a given distance. These include lines, polylines, and
arcs. Examples are streets, rivers, power lines.
• Text objects: text that describes a map or another object, such as labels and titles.
• Collection objects: combination of region, line, and multipoint objects.

Note: You can have each type of object in a separate layer (most common), or you can combine objects in the same layer.

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 Basic Information
• Managing a Map’s Layers

Layer Stack

Check this option to Edit the layer

Check this option to Select the layer

Check this option to see the label the layer

Arrange the Order of layer

Add layer
(you can add only those
layer which are currently Open to view incurrent mapper)

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 Basic Information
Understanding the Cosmetic Layer

Every Map window in MapInfo Professional has a

Cosmetic Layer. Think of the Cosmetic Layer as
the blank transparency that lies on top of the other
map layers (transparencies). It can store map
titles and other graphic objects you create during a
work session. The Cosmetic Layer is always the
top layer of the map. You cannot remove or reorder
the Cosmetic Layer.

You can only make the Cosmetic Layer editable or selectable.

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 Basic Information
Making the Layers “Editable”

To make changes to the graphic objects in a layer,

you must make the layer editable. You can draw
objects on that layer, add text, combine, or delete
objects. You can only make one layer editable at a
time.

Note: If you are working with tables that were

opened from Excel, Lotus, or ASCII files, you may
have noticed that they come in as read-only tables.
To edit these tables we have to make them editable
by saving another copy of that table.

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 Basic Information
Selecting Objects in a Layer
In MapInfo there are 7 different types of tools available

Invert Selection
Unselect All

Boundary Select
Polygon Select

Radius Select

Marquee Select

Point Selection

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 Chapter 3 Putting Your Data on the Map

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 Putting Your Data on the Map

 MapInfo Support 9 Data types

 Character: Stores up to 250 alphanumeric characters. You cannot perform arithmetic

operations on numerals in a character field.

Integer: Stores integers (numbers without a decimal). The range is from -2 billion to +2 billion

Float: Stores numbers in floating-point decimal form

 Small Integer: Integers between -32,768 and +32,767

Decimal: Stores numbers in fixed-point decimal form. Do not put commas in decimal.

Date: These fields can contain a calendar date in the format MM/DD/YYYY. The year can be specified
by two or four digits and is optional. Use slashes or hyphens to separate components of a date .

Time: These fields contain time-based information in the format HHmmssfff, where HH refers to
hours, mm refers to minutes, ss refers to seconds and ff refers to fractions of seconds.

Logical: These fields contain only true/false or yes/no information, stored as T for true/yes and F for
false/no.

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 Putting Your Data on the Map

 How Do I Get My Data on the Map?

There are three steps to putting your organization’s

data on a map:
• Creating a MapInfo .tab file of your data
• Creating points for the data
• Displaying your points on a map

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 Putting Your Data on the Map
Microsoft Excel
Worksheet
 How Do I Get My Data on the Map?
MSC Name BSC Name SiteName CellName Longitude Latitude Altitude SiteType LAC CI BCCH BSIC TCH FH Mode HSN MA GPRS EDGE Azimuth AntHeight
Delhi g1 Site1003 Site1003-A 77.379907 28.662543 0 MACRO1800SDIR 1000 0 837 0 0 FALSE FALSE 60 0
Delhi g1 Site1003 Site1003-B 77.379907 28.662543 0 MACRO1800SDIR 1000 0 841 0 0 FALSE FALSE 180 0
Delhi g1 Site1003 Site1003-C 77.379907 28.662543 0 MACRO1800SDIR 1000 0 845 0 0 FALSE FALSE 300 0
Delhi g1 Site1009 Site1009-A 77.339343 28.594996 0 MACRO1800SDIR 1000 0 837 0 0 FALSE FALSE 60 0
Delhi g1 Site1009 Site1009-B 77.339343 28.594996 0 MACRO1800SDIR 1000 0 841 0 0 FALSE FALSE 180 0
Delhi g1 Site1009 Site1009-C 77.339343 28.594996 0 MACRO1800SDIR 1000 0 845 0 0 FALSE FALSE 300 0
Delhi g1 Site1030 Site1030-A 77.34699 28.598716 0 MACRO1800SDIR 1000 0 838 0 0 FALSE FALSE 60 0
Delhi g1 Site1030 Site1030-B 77.34699 28.598716 0 MACRO1800SDIR 1000 0 842 0 0 FALSE FALSE 180 0
Delhi g1 Site1030 Site1030-C 77.34699 28.598716 0 MACRO1800SDIR 1000 0 846 0 0 FALSE FALSE 300 0
Delhi g1 Site1139 Site1139-A 77.366046 28.591429 0 MACRO1800SDIR 1000 0 836 0 0 FALSE FALSE 60 0
Delhi g1 Site1139 Site1139-B 77.366046 28.591429 0 MACRO1800SDIR 1000 0 840 0 0 FALSE FALSE 180 0
Delhi g1 Site1139 Site1139-C 77.366046 28.591429 0 MACRO1800SDIR 1000 0 844 0 0 FALSE FALSE 300 0
Delhi g1 Site1140 Site1140-A 77.371132 28.613544 0 MACRO1800SDIR 1000 0 838 0 0 FALSE FALSE 60 0
Delhi g1 Site1140 Site1140-B 77.371132 28.613544 0 MACRO1800SDIR 1000 0 842 0 0 FALSE FALSE 180 0
Delhi g1 Site1140 Site1140-C 77.371132 28.613544 0 MACRO1800SDIR 1000 0 846 0 0 FALSE FALSE 300 0
Delhi g1 Site1141 Site1141-A 77.392264 28.674279 0 MACRO1800SDIR 1000 0 838 0 0 FALSE FALSE 60 0
Delhi g1 Site1141 Site1141-B 77.392264 28.674279 0 MACRO1800SDIR 1000 0 842 0 0 FALSE FALSE 180 0
Delhi g1 Site1141 Site1141-C 77.392264 28.674279 0 MACRO1800SDIR 1000 0 846 0 0 FALSE FALSE 300 0
Delhi g1 Site1142 Site1142-A 77.376253 28.636605 0 MACRO1800SDIR 1000 0 836 0 0 FALSE FALSE 60 0
Delhi g1 Site1142 Site1142-B 77.376253 28.636605 0 MACRO1800SDIR 1000 0 840 0 0 FALSE FALSE 180 0
Delhi g1 Site1142 Site1142-C 77.376253 28.636605 0 MACRO1800SDIR 1000 0 844 0 0 FALSE FALSE 300 0
Delhi g1 Site629 Site629-A 77.403353 28.637958 0 MACRO1800SDIR 1000 0 839 0 0 FALSE FALSE 60 0
Delhi g1 Site629 Site629-B 77.403353 28.637958 0 MACRO1800SDIR 1000 0 843 0 0 FALSE FALSE 180 0
Delhi g1 Site629 Site629-C 77.403353 28.637958 0 MACRO1800SDIR 1000 0 847 0 0 FALSE FALSE 300 0
Delhi g1 Site630 Site630-A 77.41084 28.633973 0 MACRO1800SDIR 1000 0 837 0 0 FALSE FALSE 60 0
Delhi g1 Site630 Site630-B 77.41084 28.633973 0 MACRO1800SDIR 1000 0 841 0 0 FALSE FALSE 180 0

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 Putting Your Data on the Map
 How Do I Get My Data on the Map?

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 Putting Your Data on the Map

 Displaying Your Data on the Map

On the Window menu, click New Map Window and select the tables you
want in your map. The order in which you select these tables determines
the order they display.

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 Putting Your Data on the Map

 Finding Data on your Map

Search in Table

Search In Column
Site Name to be Search

Select from Results

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 Chapter 4 Understanding Your Data

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 Understanding Your Data
Working with MapInfo Tables

After you have brought your data into MapInfo and created

.tab files, you can manage them within MapInfo

Professional. You can view any database table in MapInfo

Professional, once you have converted it to MapInfo format.

Additionally you can add or remove fields, change the

order, name, type, width, or index of any field. You can also

specify or determine the projection of the table from this

dialog box. You can also check if the table is mappable

(contains map objects).

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 Understanding Your Data
Update Columns in a Table
• Here is a example of column Update

In our example we have the table “Delhi_Site_Data_Tab”. First

we modify the table structure and add a field “Site_ID”, Type

“Integer”.

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 Understanding Your Data
Update Columns in a Table

Go to “Table>Update Column” following dialogue box appeared

If you have the common value for all rows you can directly type

the value in the value Text Box, if you have want to put extract

the data from any opened table, with manipulate and operation

you can select “Assist” button to perform formula and other

operation

Our Procedure is simple, Considering the Site_ID is

the last 3 or four 4 Digits of “SiteName” in our data base

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 Understanding Your Data
Update Columns in a Table

We write the following expression in the text box

“Right$(SiteName,(Len(SiteName)-4))”

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 Understanding Your Data
Appending Rows to a Table

Use the Append Rows to Table command to attach

the records from one table to another. The two
tables should have the same set of columns in the
same order. To append data to another table:

Note: Do not forgot to save table after any change made

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 Understanding Your Data
Creating a New Table

You can bring in data tables from several outside

sources: dBASE, Excel, Access, Lotus 1–2–3,
shapefiles, Grid, comma delimited, and delimited
ASCII. You can also create your own database
directly in MapInfo Professional. These databases
can be opened and displayed as maps (providing
they contain graphic objects), Browsers, or graphs.

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 Understanding Your Data
Creating a New Table

There are two way to create a new table

Using fields of existing table

New table with new fields

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 Understanding Your Data
Creating a New Table

There are two way to create a new table

Using fields of existing table

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 Understanding Your Data
Creating a New Table

There are two way to create a new table

Using fields of existing table

New Table Use the same table structure as

the selected table

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 Understanding Your Data
Creating a New Table

New table with new fields

Initially New Table Structure dialogue box has no Field

Add appropriate fields and types, Select Projection

i.e. WGS84

Note: To create a table, there should be at least one field created

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 Chapter 5 Drawing and Editing Objects

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 Drawing and Editing Objects
In This Chapter

 Drawing Objects

 Converting a Polyline to a Region

 Drawing Symbols

 Editing Objects

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 Drawing and Editing Objects
Drawing Objects

Drawing Tool bar

 Required at least one editable layer

 Select the appropriate tool.

 Draw the Object

 Now you can edit, delete, move, copy, and paste the object

You can also add or delete the node from an object (deletion required more than one object.

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 Drawing and Editing Objects
Converting a Polyline to a Region or vice versa
Drawing Tool bar

 Required that table as editable

 From Object menu select Convert to region/ Convert to polyline

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 Drawing and Editing Objects
Drawing Symbols

Drawing Tool bar

 Required at least one editable layer

 Click Symbol button to draw the point on required place

 If you want to enter the coordinates of the point, double

click the object and enter the the x and y Coordinate.

 After editing, to find the object, just go to the Query> find selection option

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 Drawing and Editing Objects
Rotate Objects

 Required at least one editable layer

 Select the Object to rotate, from Object

Menu Select Rotate Option

 Enter the coordinate of rotation point or select the point from map
by clicking “Pick From Map”

 Enter the angle to rotate

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 Chapter 6 Selecting and Querying Data

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 Selecting and Querying Data

In This Chapter

Selecting Your Data in MapInfo Professional

Querying Your Data in MapInfo Professional

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 Selecting and Querying Data
Selecting Your Data in MapInfo Professional

 Whenever you select something in MapInfo it stores in a temporary file “Selection”.

 In this table you can perform any task like any other table.

 View it in a Browser, a Map window (if it has graphic objects). Cut and copy it into
the clipboard and paste it into another table, or even into another application.

 Use it to edit a table. If you want to edit only certain records in a table, you can get
those records into a selection and then edit that selection.

 Make a further selection from it.

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 Selecting and Querying Data
Selecting Your Data in MapInfo Professional

Two Methods for Selection in MapInfo

 Selecting from the screen: Select tool, Radius Select tool, Boundary Select tool, Polygon
Select tool, Marquee Select tool, Invert Selection tool, Select All command.

Selecting with queries: Select, SQL Select. When you select records with either of these
methods, you create a logical expression that MapInfo Professional uses to select the Records

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 Selecting and Querying Data
Querying Your Data in MapInfo Professional

A query is a mathematical question that you pose to your database to collect information. In MapInfo

Professional, there are two query builders available under the Query menu, Select and SQL Select.

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 Selecting and Querying Data
Querying Your Data in MapInfo Professional

In the case of Select, you can pose a question of a single table. For example,
Which of my Sites in LAC “1101”?
Which of Sites in MSC “DELHI01”?

In the case of SQL Select, you can ask your question from one or several table(s) of information and
perform these tasks:
Derive new columns – columns that calculate new values based on the contents of your existing
columns.
Aggregate your data so that you see only a listing of subtotals instead of seeing your entire table.
Combine two or more tables into one results table.
Show only the columns and rows that interest you.

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 Selecting and Querying Data
Selecting and Using Queries

Select allows you to query a table. It allows you to

select records and objects from a table according

to their attributes. You can use it to highlight objects

in a Map or Browser window that meet certain

criteria. You can also create a results table that you

can browse, map, or graph like any other table.

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 Selecting and Querying Data
Making Queries using the SQL Select Command

Columns you want to see

From these tables

Conditions applied

To Save Queries

Save in to this table

Verify your Queries

Remember the data types of each column before any operations

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 Selecting and Querying Data
Making Queries using the SQL Select Command

Joining Tables Geographically (Using Geographic Operators)

When two tables have graphic objects, MapInfo Professional can join the tables based on the
spatial relationship between those objects. Thus, even if your tables do not share a common
column, you may be able to join the tables.

The following table lists the geographic operators:

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 Selecting and Querying Data
Making Queries using the SQL Select Command

Joining Tables Geographically (Using Geographic Operators)

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 Selecting and Querying Data
Making Queries using the SQL Select Command

A Simple Query

Calculating the Distance to a Fixed Point

Using the Function “Distance”

Distance(77.5,28.6,CentroidX(obj),CentroidY(obj),"km")

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 Chapter 7 Creating Thematic Maps, Legends

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 Creating Thematic Maps, Legends
In This Chapter

 Using Thematic Mapping to Analyze information

 Types of Thematic Maps
 Working with Thematic Maps and Legends

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 Creating Thematic Maps, Legends
Using Thematic Mapping to Analyze information

This is a strong feature of MapInfo

to analyze the map and data

Thematic mapping is the process of enhancing

your map according to a particular theme. At the
cornerstone of the theme is the data in your table.
Themes represent your data with shades of color,
fill patterns, symbols, bar and pie charts, and grids.

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 Creating Thematic Maps, Legends
Using Thematic Mapping to Analyze information

 Planning Your Thematic Map

Before you create a thematic map, it is important to

know about the elements that make up a
thematic map and how to put them together.

The data that you display on your thematic map is called the
thematic variable. Depending on the type of thematic
analysis you are performing, your map can show one or
more thematic variables. Ranges of values, grid shading,
graduated symbols, dot density, and individual values maps
all examine one variable. With bar or pie charts, you can
display more than one thematic variable at a time.

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 Creating Thematic Maps, Legends
Using Thematic Mapping to Analyze information

When you create a thematic map in MapInfo Professional, the thematic shading is added to
your map as a separate layer. It is drawn on top of the base map layer.

 Separating Thematic Layers

Separating thematic layers from the base map layer provides you with several important options:

• Graduated symbol thematic maps do not require that your base map contain point objects.
Instead, graduated symbol objects are built regardless of the map object type. Therefore, even if
your base map contains region or line objects, you will still be able to create a graduated
symbols map.

• You can have multiple thematic layers per base map layer. In some cases, you do not have to
add another base layer to the map to create another thematic layer. You can display more than
one thematic layer at a time, as well as perform bivariate thematic mapping.

• You can use Layer Control to turn the display on or off for a given thematic layer. The layer it is
based on can continue to display. You can also set individual zoom layers on thematic maps.

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 Creating Thematic Maps, Legends
Types of Thematic Maps

With MapInfo Professional you can create seven types of thematic maps:
• Ranges
• Bar Charts
• Pie Charts
• Granulated
• Dot Density
• Individual
• Grid

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 Creating Thematic Maps, Legends
Working with Thematic Maps and Legends

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 Creating Thematic Maps, Legends
Working with Thematic Maps and Legends

Select your Thematic Map Type

Select Template

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 Creating Thematic Maps, Legends
Working with Thematic Maps and Legends

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 Creating Thematic Maps, Legends
Working with Thematic Maps and Legends

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 Creating Thematic Maps, Legends
Working with Thematic Maps and Legends

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 Chapter 8 Buffering and Working with Objects

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 Buffering and Working with Objects
In This Chapter

 Buffering Your Data

 Editing Objects using the Set Target Model

 Creating Territories by Combining Objects

 Creating and Manipulating Objects

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 Buffering and Working with Objects
Buffering Your Data

 Understanding Buffers

A buffer is a region that

surrounds a line object,
another region, symbol,
or any other object in a
Map window.

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 Buffering and Working with Objects
Buffering Your Data

 To create Buffer
Radius and its unit

Smoothness for the circle

•Select Object(s) or Point(s) to be buffer

•Make sure there is at least one table is table is Editable

•Select Object >Buffer option from main menu

•Enter the required value.

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 Buffering and Working with Objects
Buffering Your Data
 Types of Buffers:

There are two basic types of buffers that we Support

in MapInfo Professional.

• Concentric ring buffers allow you to create circles

around map Object(s) or Point(s) and compute
aggregated values for underlying data that occur
within each ring.

• Convex hull buffers create a region object that

represents a polygon based on the nodes from the
input object. You can think of the convex hull
polygon as an operator which places a rubber band
around all of the points. It will consist of the minimum
number of points so that all points lie on or inside the
polygon. With convex hull buffers, no inside angle is Concentric ring buffer
greater than 180 degrees.

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 Buffering and Working with Objects
Creating a Voronoi Polygon

The Voronoi polygon is a partition of space into cells. Voronoi takes points and produces
regions (cells) as output where each cell contains exactly one point. Each cell is an area
in which the contained points are closer to the enclosed site than to any others. Use
Voronoi to generate these polygons from a designated set of points.

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 Chapter 9 Overview of Coordinate System
and projection

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 Overview of Coordinate System and projection

Projection and Coordinate System

Projection - An equation or set of equations that contain mathematical parameters for a

map. The exact number and nature of the parameters depends upon the type of projection.

You can think of a projection as a method of reducing a map’s distortion caused by the

curvature of the Earth, or more precisely, a projection compensates for the shortcomings of

depicting maps in two dimensions when the coordinates exist in three dimensions.

Coordinate System - When parameters of a projection are assigned specific values, they
become a coordinate system. A coordinate system is a collection of parameters that describe

coordinates, one of which is a projection.

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 Overview of Coordinate System and projection

Elements of a Coordinate System

• Projection Types

• Datums

• Units

• Coordinate System Origin

• Scale Factor (Transverse Mercator)

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 Overview of Coordinate System and projection

Understanding Coordinate Systems

Globe with Longitude/Latitude Projection
You can make a map out of any globe without distorting the
points on the surface by placing the globe into an imaginary
cylinder.

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 Overview of Coordinate System and projection
Understanding Coordinate Systems

If you transfer the touch points from the globe surface onto the cylinder and roll out the cylinder
onto graph paper, the result is a map as in the figure below. In the map that would be created
from this cylinder, the Equator is 0 degrees all the way around the globe and the points on that
line are completely accurate.

Longitude/Latitude Projection Map

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 Overview of Coordinate System and projection

Understanding Coordinate Systems

Because many people do not live near the Equator, other projections came into use to create
more accurate local maps. Accuracy depends upon how you project the globe onto the
cylinder. If you turn the cylinder so that it touches the Prime Meridian instead (or any line of
longitude, 90 degrees away from the Equator) you have a Transverse Projection. The closer
you are to the place the cylinder touches the globe, the more accurate the measurements
are.
Globe Demonstrating the Transverse Projection

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 Overview of Coordinate System and projection

Understanding Coordinate Systems

Transverse projections allow us to make maps that are more North-South line accurate, as
long as you compensate for the distance from the new “Equator” which in this case is the
Prime Meridian.
Transverse Mercator Projection Map

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 Overview of Coordinate System and projection

Understanding Coordinate Systems

The parameters of a coordinate system are (in this order):

• Coordinate System Name
• Projection Type
• Datum
• Units
• Original Longitude
• Original Latitude
• Standard Parallel 1
• Standard Parallel 2
• Azimuth
• Scale Factor
• False Easting
• False Northing
• Range

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 Overview of Coordinate System and projection

Understanding Coordinate Systems

Coordinate System Origin

The coordinate system origin is the point on the Earth (specified as longitude and latitude
degrees) from which all coordinate distances are to be measured. X = 0 and Y = 0 at the origin
point, unless a false easting and/or false northing is used. It is chosen to optimize the
accuracy of a particular coordinate system. As we move north from the origin, Y increases; X
increases as we move east. These coordinate values are generally called northings and
eastings.
For the Transverse Mercator projection, the origin’s longitude defines the central meridian. In
constructing the Transverse Mercator projection a cylinder is positioned tangent to the earth.
The central meridian is the line of tangency. The scale of the projected map is true along the
central meridian.

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 Overview of Coordinate System and projection

Understanding Coordinate Systems

False Easting and False Northing

In the days of the tall ships, these calculations and computations were done by hand. Using
positive and negative signs made these calculations more complicated. The terms “false
easting” and “false northing” were used to remove these signs and refer to the absolute
value of the X and Y coordinates. MapInfo Professional handles these computations, but
these parameters still have to be accounted for in the projections that use them.

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 Overview of Coordinate System and projection

Understanding Coordinate Systems

Range (Azimuthal Projections)

The range specifies, in degrees, how much of the Earth is visible. The range can be between 1
and
180. When you specify 90, you see a hemisphere. When you specify 180 you see the whole earth,
though much of it is very distorted.

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 Overview of Coordinate System and projection

Understanding Coordinate Systems

Projection Datums

The datum is established by tying a reference ellipsoid to a particular point on the earth.

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 Overview of Coordinate System and
projection
UTM Zone(WGS84)

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 Overview of Coordinate System and
projection
UTM Zone(WGS84)

UTM Zone(WGS 84)

There are 60 longitudinal projection zones numbered 1 to 60 starting at 180°W. Each of

these zones is 6 degrees wide, apart from a few exceptions around Norway and Svalbard.
There are 20 latitudinal zones spanning the latitudes 80°S to 84°N and denoted by the
letters C to X, ommitting the letter O. Each of these is 8 degrees south-north, apart from
zone X which is 12 degrees south-north.

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