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Obat Saluran Nafas

The document summarizes different types of respiratory tract drugs used to treat structures and functions of the respiratory system. It describes drugs that target the smooth muscle and mucosa, including bronchodilators that relax smooth muscle, mucolytics that increase secretions, and expectorants. It also mentions antihistamines and mast cell stabilizers used to treat allergic reactions. The document provides details on classes of bronchodilators like anticholinergics, theophylline, and beta-adrenergic receptor agonists. It also discusses glucocorticoids and their role in reducing inflammation while potentiating bronchodilators.

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Chie Zhumie
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32 views11 pages

Obat Saluran Nafas

The document summarizes different types of respiratory tract drugs used to treat structures and functions of the respiratory system. It describes drugs that target the smooth muscle and mucosa, including bronchodilators that relax smooth muscle, mucolytics that increase secretions, and expectorants. It also mentions antihistamines and mast cell stabilizers used to treat allergic reactions. The document provides details on classes of bronchodilators like anticholinergics, theophylline, and beta-adrenergic receptor agonists. It also discusses glucocorticoids and their role in reducing inflammation while potentiating bronchodilators.

Uploaded by

Chie Zhumie
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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RESPIRATORY TRACT DRUGS

anom murdhana
stucture and function of respiratory system
gas exchange
function :
atmosphere circuilation

structure : * tracheobronchial  airways disease


tree (asthma; bronchitis)
* pulmonary circulation  emboli

* alveolar bed  fibrosis


RESPIRATORY SYSTEM
R
E
S
P
IR
A
T
O
R
Y
T
R
A
C
T
respiratory tract drugs

resp tract stucture :


smooth muscle ----------- bronchodilator
mucosa : increase secretio
epithelial cell --- cilia
mucolytic
goblet cell - mucus -
mucoactive

expectorant
cough reflex --------------
antitus sive
inflammation process ------ glucocorticoids
respiratory tract drugs

ketotifen
allergic reaction -------
anti histamine
mast cell stabilizer
leukotriene modifiers
routes of drug delivery

systemic : oral ; injection  circulation  all body tissue

inhalation : aerosol ----- spray


dry powder  turbulence air inhaled

fate of drugs :
* oropharyngeal mucosa--- swallowing
* tracheobronchial mucosa  absorbed to circulation
 mucociliary escalator
* alveolar bed  phagocytic cell ; pulmonary circulation
* expelled with next exhalation
bronchodilators
anticholinergic
* atropine  ipra/oxytropium bromide  tioropium bromide
* muscarinic receptor smooth muscle block - relaxatlation; stimulate

mucous gland
* inhalation (nebulized); nasal spray
* adverse effect : uncommon (minimaly absorbed in G I tract)

theophylline (methylxanthine)
* smooth muscle relaxation; mucociliary clearence increase;
diaphragma contractility increase; CNS respiratory drive;
* oral (tablet; caps); inj (aminophylline)
* serum conc 10 – 20 mg/L
* Clearance affect by many factors
bronchodilators
betha adrenergic receptor agonists
* selective betha 2 ---- short & long acting
* relaxation smooth muscle; mucociliary clearence
increace; mucus secretion increase; plasma exudation &
edema inhibit;
* adverse effect : less common (tachycardia; arrythmia; rise in
blood pressure etc
gucocorticoids
*route of delivery : inhaled, oral, intavenous
* inhaled -- systemic effect minimaly
* effect : - inflammation reaction factors inhibited
- potentiate betha adrenergic agonist
* adverse effect :
- local (inhaled) … atrophy vocal cord  hoarsness;
weakness voice
oropharyngeal candidiasis
- systemic : fluid retention; hypertenseion; peptic ulcer;
hyperglicemia; psychosis
- adrenal suppression
wishing you success
thank you

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