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CS-304 Software Engg.: Today's Topics Structure Charts Decision Trees Decision Tables

Structure charts break down a system into its functional modules and sub-modules, and represent the hierarchical and logical relationships between them. Decision trees use branches to represent conditions and leaf nodes to represent the actions taken based on those conditions. Decision tables organize conditions and their corresponding actions into a structured tabular format for easy decision-making.

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Manoj Paliwal
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39 views

CS-304 Software Engg.: Today's Topics Structure Charts Decision Trees Decision Tables

Structure charts break down a system into its functional modules and sub-modules, and represent the hierarchical and logical relationships between them. Decision trees use branches to represent conditions and leaf nodes to represent the actions taken based on those conditions. Decision tables organize conditions and their corresponding actions into a structured tabular format for easy decision-making.

Uploaded by

Manoj Paliwal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CS-304 Software Engg.

Today’s Topics

Structure Charts
Decision Trees
Decision Tables

By- Manoj Paliwal


GPC, Dungarpur
Structure Charts
Structure chart is a chart derived from Data Flow Diagram. It represents the system
in more detail than DFD. It breaks down the entire system into lowest functional
modules, describes functions and sub-functions of each module of the system to a
greater detail than DFD. Structure chart represents hierarchical structure of modules.
At each layer a specific task is performed.
Here are the symbols used in construction of structure charts -

Module - It represents process or subroutine or task. A control module branches to


more than one sub-module. Library Modules are re-usable and invokable from any
module.
Structure Charts
Condition - It is represented by small diamond at base of the module. It depicts that control
module can select any of sub-routine based on some condition.

Jump - An arrow is shown pointing inside the module to depict that the control will
jump in the middle of the sub-module.
Structure Charts

Loop - A curved arrow represents loop in the module. All sub-modules covered by loop
repeat execution of module.

Data flow - A directed arrow with empty circle at the end represents data flow.
Structure Charts

Control flow - A directed arrow with filled circle at the end represents control flow.
Decision Tree
A decision tree gives a graphic view of the processing logic involved in decision making
and the corresponding actions taken. The edges of a decision tree represent conditions
and the leaf nodes represent the actions to be performed depending on the outcome of
testing the condition.
Example: -
Consider Library Membership Automation Software (LMS) where it should support the
following three options:
New member
Renewal
Cancel membership

New member option-


Decision: When the 'new member' option is selected, the software asks details about
the member like the member's name, address, phone number etc.
Action: If proper information is entered then a membership record for the member is
created and a bill is printed for the annual membership charge plus the security deposit
payable.
Renewal option-
Decision: If the 'renewal' option is chosen, the LMS asks for the member's name and his
membership number to check whether he is a valid member or not.
Action: If the membership is valid then membership expiry date is updated and the
annual membership bill is printed, otherwise an error message is displayed.
Decision Trees
Cancel membership option-
Decision: If the 'cancel membership' option is selected, then the software asks
for member's name and his membership number.
Action: The membership is cancelled, a cheque for the balance amount due to
the member is printed and finally the membership record is deleted from the
database.
Decision Tables

Decision Tables
A Decision table represents conditions and the respective actions to be taken to address
them, in a structured tabular format.
It is a powerful tool to debug and prevent errors. It helps group similar information into
a single table and then by combining tables it delivers easy and convenient decision-
making.
Creating Decision Table
To create the decision table, the developer must follow basic four steps:
Identify all possible conditions to be addressed
Determine actions for all identified conditions
Create Maximum possible rules
 Define action for each rule

Decision Tables should be verified by end-users and can lately be simplified by


eliminating duplicate rules and actions.
Decision Tables

From the above table we can easily understand that, if the valid selection condition is false
then the action taken for this condition is 'display error message'. Similarly, the actions
taken for other conditions can be inferred from the table.

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