Dilg Federalism 101
Dilg Federalism 101
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How Is
Federalism
Different From
Presidential-
Unitary System?
In a PRESIDENTIAL-UNITARY In FEDERALISM, the
system of government, powers and resources of
powers and resources are the government are
under the control of the
central government shared by the federal
government and the
Regional government
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Unitary & Federal Countries
Unitary Countries Federal Countries
LEBANON AUSTRIA
BANGLADESH GERMANY
PHILIPPINES CANADA
AFGHANISTAN UNITED STATES
KHAZAKSTAN AUSTRALIA
Federal Regional
• National security • Regional elections
• Civil, political, intellectual, Shared • Regional Supreme Court,
property, human rights • Health Metropolitan Trial Courts
• Foreign relations • Licensure of public utilities
• Education
• National elections • Environment • Administration and
• Social Welfare enforcement of Regional
• External trade laws
• Energy
• Citizenship • Regional socio-economic
• Tourism
• Currency/monetary system • Peace & Order planning
• Immigration, extradition • Regional Finance
• Supreme Court decisions • Regional infrastructure
How Will
Federalism Help
The Country?
In federalism, the
distribution will be
reversed
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Estimated Sharing of Internal
Revenue Allotment (IRA)
Under Federalism
PROPOSED SHARING
DESCRIPTION PRESENT SHARING UNDER FEDERALISM
% DIFFE-
SAMPLE REVENUE PhP1,000,000,000.00 PhP1,000,000,000.00 RENCE
NATIONAL GOVT
SHARE 60% PhP600,000,000 30% PhP300,000,000 -50%
Regional GOV'T
SHARE none
21% PhP 210,000,000
PROVINCIAL GOV'T
SHARE 9.2% PhP92,000,000
CITIES SHARE 9.2% PhP92,000,000 14.6% PhP 146,363,636 +63%
MUNICIPALITIES
SHARE 13.6% PhP136,000,000 21.36% PhP 216,363,636 +63%
BRGY SHARE 8.0% PhP80,000,000 12.72% PhP 127,272,727 +63%
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Basic Features of Presidential-
Parliamentary Political System
• THE EXECUTIVE AND LEGISLATIVE BRANCHES OF
GOVERNMENT ARE MERGED. (Reason: The Separation of
Power causes intense rivalry and competition for power
between the executive and legislative in a system that has
turned very adversarial like Congressional Investigations of
executive policies and actions, which unnecessarily delay and
obstruct legislation. )
• THERE SHALL BE A BICAMERAL
LEGISLATIVE BODY. (Senate to act
as Principal Inter-governmental
Institution and there will be two (2)
Senators elected per region).
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Basic Features, cont’d
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Cabinet Members
• The President appoints the Minister
of Foreign Affairs, Defense and the
military officers with the rank of full
colonel and above.
• Majority of the cabinet members are
chosen by the Prime Minister from
among the members of the
parliament.
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Proposed Legislative Composition
Legislative Powers Form/ Proposed
Vested Manner of Election Composition
SENATORS WILL BE
1. Members of ELECTED BY REGIONS TWO (2) SENATORS FOR
EVERY REGION AND
Senate and MEMBERS OF MEMBERS OF PARLIAMENT
Parliament PARLIAMENT SHALL BE BY FOR EVERY LEGISLATIVE
LEGISLATIVE DISTRICTS DISTRICTS AND PARTY
AND PROPORTIONAL REPRESENTATIONS
PARTY REPRESENTATIONS
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Proposed Regional
Governments
It is proposed that there shall be as many federal
regions as there are as many ethno-linguistic
groups in the Philippines.
However, Regional Governments shall be provided
by the Federal Constitution following territorial,
population & GDP requirements to determine
sustainability. A Regional Government may be
formed by at least 3 provinces or highly urbanized
cities provided that it satisfies requirements
provided by the constitution.
Cordillera, Bangsamoro are deemed qualified as
Regional Governments,
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Other autonomous territories for Indigenous
What Will Happen To The Local Government
Units Under A Federal System?
The local
government units
shall form part of
the Regional
Government.
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What Will Happen To The Judiciary
Under Federalism?
There shall be a Federal
Supreme Court
Each region shall also
have its own Regional
Supreme Courts and
adopt its judicial
systems
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Timeline
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MODE TO REVISE
OUR CONSTITUTION
• CON-ASS or Constituent Assembly,
constituted by the incumbent
Congressmen and Senators
• CON-COM or Constitutional
Commission, which will be
composed by the Men and Women
of integrity, patriotism and experts
in their respective fields whose
members are directly appointed by
the President.
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Projected Timeline
• It is probable that the constitutional revision shall have
been completed not later than 2018 and submitted to
the people thru a plebiscite by 2019, coinciding with
the Mid-Term National Election;
• From June, 2019 to 2020, sub-national government
units (regions), in accordance with the ratified Federal
Constitution, will make their respective Regional
organic laws, submit for approval to Parliament and
shall be ratified by the people thru a plebiscite
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The Shift to Federal Republic
of The Philippines
• By 2020 to 2021, the process of effective, actual
transition from unitary to a federal government
should take place.
• On May 2022, we will probably elect the
President of the new Federal Republic of the
Philippines, together with the Members of
Parliament;
• Federal President may be installed on June 30,
2022, and immediately thereafter, the first
Prime Minister and Members of the Cabinet will
be confirmed by the Parliament
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Thank you!
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