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Reinforced Concrete I: Lecture-4

The document discusses the behavior of reinforced concrete T-sections under flexure. It explains that T-sections have a large flange area that resists compressive forces, making them advantageous for simply supported spans. The flexural behavior depends on whether the stress block depth is less than or greater than the flange thickness. Design equations are provided to calculate the ultimate moment capacity as the sum of moments from the overhanging flange and web portions. Alternative design methods using tables and charts are also mentioned.

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Markos Daniel
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181 views

Reinforced Concrete I: Lecture-4

The document discusses the behavior of reinforced concrete T-sections under flexure. It explains that T-sections have a large flange area that resists compressive forces, making them advantageous for simply supported spans. The flexural behavior depends on whether the stress block depth is less than or greater than the flange thickness. Design equations are provided to calculate the ultimate moment capacity as the sum of moments from the overhanging flange and web portions. Alternative design methods using tables and charts are also mentioned.

Uploaded by

Markos Daniel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Reinforced Concrete I

Arba Minch University


Engineering Faculty
Department of Civil Engineering
Lecture-4
Instructor: Semma T.
Flanged Section (T- or L-section) under Flexure

Reinforced concrete floors or roofs are monolithic and hence, a part of the
slab will act with the upper part of the beam to resist longitudinal
compression. The resulting beam cross-section is, then, T-shaped (inverted
L), rather than rectangular with the slab forming the beam flange where as
part of the beam projecting below the slab forms the web or stem.
In treating flanged section using strength limit state method, it is
convenient to adopt the same equivalent rectangle stress-block that is used
for rectangular cross section.

2
Flanged Section (T- or L-section) under Flexure

The T-sections provide a large concrete cross-


sectional area of the flange to resist the
compressive force. Hence, T-sections are very
advantageous in simply supported spans to resist
large positive bending moment, where as the
inverted T-sections have the added advantage in
cantilever beam to resist negative moment.

3
Flanged Section (T- or L-section) under Flexure
There are two type of flexural behavior of T-sections.

I. If depth of equivalent rectangle stress-block, ’y’ is equal to or less than


the flanged thickness,hf (i.e y<hf ), a flanged section may be treated as a
rectangular section of width equal to an effective width of flange, be
provided the flange of section is on compression side when the section
subjected a moment.
be
y hf

bw

4
Flanged Section (T- or L-section) under Flexure

II. When y > hf, the section acts as T-beam and hence analysis accounting
the T-geometry becomes essential which is shown in the figure below.

NA

5
Flanged Section (T- or L-section) under Flexure

To derive design equation of T-beam, it is convenient to divide the compression


area of T-beam section into two parts as shown below:
A. The over-hanging portion of the compressive flange
B. The web portion extending into the compressive flange

NA = +

6
Flanged Section (T- or L-section) under Flexure

The total ultimate moment of resistance of T-beam section is obtained by


taking moment of the internal compressive forces about the center of
tension steel; and it is given as the sum of moments produced by over-
hanging portion of the flange and the web portion extending into the
flange. i.e
M u  M uf  M uw

The moment produced by over-hanging portion of the flange is obtained as:

M uf  ( be  bw ) . h f . f cd . z f where z f   d  hf 2 

Then, the corresponding area of tension steel balancing the over-


hanging portion of the flange is obtained as:
M uf
Asf 
z f . f yd
7
Flanged Section (T- or L-section) under Flexure

The moment produced by the web portion


extending into the flange is obtained by
subtracting moment of over-hanging portion
from the total ultimate moment of T-beam.

M uw  ( M u  M uf )

8
Flanged Section (T- or L-section) under Flexure

9
Flanged Section (T- or L-section) under Flexure

10
Flanged Section (T- or L-section) under Flexure

11
Flanged Section-Effective flange width

Examples 12
Cover to Reinforcements

13
Cover to Reinforcements

14
Spacing of Reinforcement

15
Effective Span Length

16
Alternative method of Design using Design Aids
1. USING DESIGN TABLES

17
1. USING DESIGN TABLES

18
1. USING DESIGN TABLES

19
1. USING DESIGN TABLES

20
2. USING DESIGN CHARTS

21
2. USING DESIGN CHARTS

Examples 22

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