Factors, Prime Numbers &

Composite Numbers
 Definition
• Product – An answer to a
multiplication problem.

7 x 8 = 56
Product
 Definition
• Factor – a number that is
multiplied by another to give a
product.
7 x 8 = 56
Factors
 Definition
• Factor – a number that divides evenly
(without remainder) into another number.

56 ÷ 8 = 7

Factors
 Test yourself…
What are the factors and products?

1) 6 x 7 = 42 Factors: 6 and 7
Product: 42

2) 63 ÷ 9 = 7 Factors: 7 and 9
Product: 63

3) 8 x 5 = 40 Factors: 5 and 8
Product: 40
 Definition
• Prime Number – a number that has
only two factors (divisors), itself and 1.

Example: 7 is prime because the only

numbers that will divide into it evenly are
1 and 7.
Examples of Prime Numbers

2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17,

19, 23, 29, 31, 37…
 Definition
• Composite number – a number
that has more than two factors.

Example: The number 8.

The factors of 8 are 1, 2, 4, 8.
Examples of Composite Numbers

4, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14,

15, 16, 18, 20, 21, …
 One is special because . . .

One is not prime. One is not

(because it does Composite.
not have exactly (because it does
two different not have more
factors). than 2 factors).
 What numbers are prime?
• Let’s look at a number grid from 1 to 100
and see how they were discovered.
 Here’s How You Do It
Take out the number 1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
because it is a special
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
number
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70
71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90
91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100
 Here’s How You Do It
Take out the number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
because it is a special
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
number
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70
71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90
91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100
 Here’s How You Do It
Take out numbers that 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
are multiples of 2 except
11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
2
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40
41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50
51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60
61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70
71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80
81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90
91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100
 Here’s How You Do It
Take out numbers that 2 3 5 7 9
are multiples of 2 except
11 13 15 17 19
2
21 23 25 27 29
31 33 35 37 39
41 43 45 47 49
51 53 55 57 59
61 63 65 67 69
71 73 75 77 79
81 83 85 87 89
91 93 95 97 99
 Here’s How You Do It
2 3 5 7 9
11 13 15 17 19
Take out numbers that 21 23 25 27 29
are multiples of 3 except 31 33 35 37 39
3
41 43 45 47 49
51 53 55 57 59
61 63 65 67 69
71 73 75 77 79
81 83 85 87 89
91 93 95 97 99
 Here’s How You Do It
2 3 5 7
11 13 17 19
Take out numbers that 23 25 29
are multiples of 3 except 31 35 37
3
41 43 47 49
53 55 59
61 65 67
71 73 77 79
83 85 89
91 95 97
 Here’s How You Do It
2 3 5 7
11 13 17 19
23 25 29
31 35 37
41 43 47 49
Take out numbers that
are multiples of 5 except 53 55 59
5 61 65 67
71 73 77 79
83 85 89
91 95 97
 Here’s How You Do It
2 3 5 7
11 13 17 19
23 29
31 37
41 43 47 49
Take out numbers that
are multiples of 5 except 53 59
5 61 67
71 73 77 79
83 89
91 97
 Here’s How You Do It
2 3 5 7
11 13 17 19
23 29
31 37
41 43 47 49
53 59
Take out numbers that 61 67
are multiples of 7 except 71 73 77 79
7
83 89
91 97
 The PRIME Numbers!
2 3 5 7
11 13 17 19
23 29
31 37
41 43 47
53 59
Take out numbers that 61 67
are multiples of 7 except 71 73 79
7
83 89
97
The End