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Signals and Systems: Dept of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Aditya Engineering College (A) Surampalem

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113 views

Signals and Systems: Dept of Electrical and Electronics Engineering Aditya Engineering College (A) Surampalem

Uploaded by

kala
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS

INTRODUCTION

By

B.V.V.L.KALA BHARATHI
Dept of ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
Aditya Engineering College(A)
Surampalem.
Aditya Engineering College (A)

INTRODUCTION TO THE SUBJECT

This course is one of several fundamental required courses


for Electrical Engineering.

It covers analytic (mathematic) background for modeling


and analyzing real-world signals and systems.
Example:
Electric circuit analysis.
Power systems
Control systems

SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS 8/24/20


Aditya Engineering College (A)

WHAT IS A SIGNAL?
SIGNAL:
Anything that conveys information is called signal.

Examples of signals include those involving electricity, audio,


images, video signals.
Electric signals: voltages and currents in a circuit
Mechanical signals: velocity of a car.
Video signals: Intensity level of pixel(camera) over time.

SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS 8/24/20


Aditya Engineering College (A)

WHAT IS A SYSTEM?
SYSTEM:
Systems store, manipulate, or transmit signals by physical
processes.
i.e.,systems process input signals to produce output signals.
Examples include electric circuits and systems,
communication systems, control systems, and signal
processors.
A CD PLAYER takes the signal on the CD and transforms it
into a signalsent to loud speaker.

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Aditya Engineering College (A)

RELATION BETWEEN SIGNAL AND SYSTEM?


A system takes a signal as an input and transforms it into signal

Output
Input
System Signal
Signal

SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS 8/24/20


Aditya Engineering College (A)

RELATION BETWEEN SIGNAL AND SYSTEM?


Output
Input
System Signal
Signal

Voltages and currents as functions of time are examples of signals and


the Electric circuit itself which responds to these voltages and currents
is an example of system.

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Aditya Engineering College (A)

Course Objectives of the course are



COB 1 : To introduce the concepts associated with of signals and systems.

COB 2 : To familiarize about the concepts of transform based continuous


time and discrete time analysis of signals and systems.

COB 3 : To provide the knowledge about sampling process and


reconstruction of a signal.

COB 4 : To create awareness on frequency transformation techniques.

COB 5 : To prepare the students to analyze the characteristics of


continuous-time and discrete-time signals and systems using different
mathematical tools.

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Aditya Engineering College (A)

SYLLABUS
UNIT I
Signals: Introduction, Representation of signals,
Elementary signals, Basic Operations on signals,
Classification of Signals.
Signal Analysis: Analogy between vectors and signals,
Orthogonal vector space,
Orthogonal signal space, Signal approximation by a set of
mutual orthogonal signals, Mean square error, Closed or
complete set of orthogonal functions, Orthogonality in
complex functions.

SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS 8/24/20


Aditya Engineering College (A)

SYLLABUS
UNIT II
Fourier Series: Representation of periodic signals using
Fourier series, Trigonometric Fourier series and
Exponential Fourier series, properties of Fourier series,
Complex Fourier spectrum.
Fourier Transforms: Deriving Fourier transform(FT) from
Fourier series, Existence of Fourier transform, Fourier
transform of standard signals, properties of Fourier
transforms, Fourier transform of periodic signals, Fourier
transforms involving impulse signal and Signum signal.

SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS 8/24/20


Aditya Engineering College (A)

SYLLABUS
UNIT III
Convolution and Correlation of Signals: Concept of
convolution in time domain and frequency domain,
Graphical representation of convolution, Convolution
properties of Fourier transforms.
 Signal Comparison: Cross correlation and auto correlation
of signals, properties of correlation function, Energy density
spectrum, Power density spectrum, Relation between auto
correlation function and energy/power spectral density
function, Relation between convolution and correlation.

SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS 8/24/20


Aditya Engineering College (A)

SYLLABUS
UNIT IV
Signal Transmission Through LTI Systems: Classification of systems, Linear
time invariant (LTI) system, Impulse response of LTI systems, Properties of LTI
systems, Transfer function of an LTI system, Filter characteristics of linear
systems, Distortion less transmission through a system, Signal bandwidth, system
bandwidth, Ideal LPF, HPF and BPF characteristics, Causality and Paley-Wiener
criterion for physical realization, relationship between bandwidth and rise time.

Sampling: Sampling, Sampling theorem – Graphical and analytical proof for
Band Limited Signals, effect of under sampling – Aliasing, impulse sampling,
Natural and Flat top Sampling, Reconstruction of signal from its samples,
Sampling of Band Pass signals.

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Aditya Engineering College (A)

SYLLABUS
UNIT V
Laplace Transforms: Review of Laplace transform (LT) , Existence
of Laplace transform, Concept of region of convergence (ROC) for
Laplace transforms, constraints on ROC for various classes of signals,
Properties of Laplace transforms, relation between LTs, and FT of a
signal, Inverse Laplace transform, Laplace transform using waveform
synthesis.

Z–Transforms: Z-Transform of a discrete time signal, Distinction


between Laplace, Fourier and Z-transforms, Region of convergence
in Z-Transform, constraints on ROC for various classes of discrete
signals, Properties of Z-transforms, properties of Z-transforms,
Inverse Z-transform.

SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS 8/24/20


Aditya Engineering College (A)

Text Books:
1. Signals and Systems, Anand Kumar, PHI, 4th Edition.
2. Signals and Systems, A.V. Oppenheim, A.S. Willsky and S.H. Nawab, PHI, 2 nd
Edition.
3. Signals, Systems & Communications, B.P. Lathi, BS Publications.

Reference Books:
4. Signals & Systems, Simon Haykin and Van Veen, Wiley, 2nd Edition.
5. Fundamentals of Signals and Systems, Michel J. Robert, MGH International
Edition.
6. Signals and Systems, K Raja Rajeswari, B VisweswaraRao, PHI.
7. Signals and Systems, T K Rawat, Oxford University press.

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THANK YOU

SIGNALS AND SYSTEMS 8/24/20

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