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Dispersion Problems (8.1) : Fiber-Optic Communication Systems, Govind P Agrawal

Dispersion broadens pulses and limits bitrate in fiber-optic communication systems. Higher bitrates use smaller pulses that are more greatly impacted by dispersion over long distances. Dispersion can be managed by compensating for the added dispersion during fiber propagation, either electronically at the receiver or using dispersion compensating fibers. Modern systems use digital signal processing techniques like digital backpropagation to perform electronic compensation.

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80 views6 pages

Dispersion Problems (8.1) : Fiber-Optic Communication Systems, Govind P Agrawal

Dispersion broadens pulses and limits bitrate in fiber-optic communication systems. Higher bitrates use smaller pulses that are more greatly impacted by dispersion over long distances. Dispersion can be managed by compensating for the added dispersion during fiber propagation, either electronically at the receiver or using dispersion compensating fibers. Modern systems use digital signal processing techniques like digital backpropagation to perform electronic compensation.

Uploaded by

Pallavi
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© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Dispersion problems (8.

1)
• Dispersion broadens pulse, so limits bitrate
• Higher the bitrate, smaller the pulse, more the dispersion 
• Direct modulation at higher speeds increases chirp, and broadens
spectrum

• At 1.55 um, D=16 ps/nm/km, results in L<30 km for 10 gbps


• Dispersion limited!
• Cant use D=0! Why? Remind yourself
Fiber-Optic Communication Systems, Govind P Agrawal,
1
This material is being used for academic purposes only, and is intended only for students registered in IIT Delhi in Semester II, 2019-20, and is not intended for wider circulation.
Dispersion management
• Idea is to compensate for the dispersion added during the
propagation

• Either do it electronically at the receiver ( now the norm)


• Or use dispersion compensating fibers (obsolete),

• 1- SMF, 2-DCF…..if D2 is -200 ps/nm/km, 4 km of DCF is enough for 50


km SMF
Fiber-Optic Communication Systems, Govind P Agrawal,
2
This material is being used for academic purposes only, and is intended only for students registered in IIT Delhi in Semester II, 2019-20, and is not intended for wider circulation.
Dispersion Maps
• 3 ways to compensate the dispersion

Fiber-Optic Communication Systems, Govind P Agrawal,


3
This material is being used for academic purposes only, and is intended only for students registered in IIT Delhi in Semester II, 2019-20, and is not intended for wider circulation.
Other ways to compensate the dispersion
• Fiber Bragg Gratings

• Dispersion equalising
filters

• Phase conjugation

Fiber-Optic Communication Systems, Govind P Agrawal,


4
This material is being used for academic purposes only, and is intended only for students registered in IIT Delhi in Semester II, 2019-20, and is not intended for wider circulation.
Electronic compensation
• The fiber transfer function is written as

• If receiver detects amplitude and phase, it is possible to correct the


GVD by passing through a filter
• At receiver, conversion to intermediate frequency IF and application
of filter
• Pre-chirp at transmitter:
• More common: Digital Signal processing
• Digital backpropagation
Fiber-Optic Communication Systems, Govind P Agrawal,
5
This material is being used for academic purposes only, and is intended only for students registered in IIT Delhi in Semester II, 2019-20, and is not intended for wider circulation.
Modern day compensation
• Various techniques have been implemented historically to
compensate for nonlinearity and dispersion
• Almost all of the compensation nowadays in using Digital signal
processing!
• It is still nice to understand the basics of impairment compensation
• Nonlinearity compensation is tricky: Machine learning being used for
compensation, digital backpropagation…
• (most probably the next version of the book will replace chapter 8
and 9 with a DSP chapter )
Fiber-Optic Communication Systems, Govind P Agrawal,
6
This material is being used for academic purposes only, and is intended only for students registered in IIT Delhi in Semester II, 2019-20, and is not intended for wider circulation.

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