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Lecture On Socialization

This document discusses the development of social self through socialization. It outlines several theoretical approaches, including Charles Cooley's looking glass self, George Mead's stages of self development, and Freud's elements of personality. Socialization is defined as a lifelong process of learning social norms from significant others like family, and generalized others like society. Gender socialization influences how children are socialized differently based on sex. Agents of socialization that influence people include family, school, peers, media, work, and the state.

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Charlota Pel
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83 views

Lecture On Socialization

This document discusses the development of social self through socialization. It outlines several theoretical approaches, including Charles Cooley's looking glass self, George Mead's stages of self development, and Freud's elements of personality. Socialization is defined as a lifelong process of learning social norms from significant others like family, and generalized others like society. Gender socialization influences how children are socialized differently based on sex. Agents of socialization that influence people include family, school, peers, media, work, and the state.

Uploaded by

Charlota Pel
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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SOCIALIZATION

self
vs.
social self
Nature
(Heredity
vs.
Nurture
(Environment)

Personality=
Heredity +
Environment
Theoretical approaches to the
development of social self
1. Charles Horton Cooley
 “Looking-Glass Self”
 Social self is developed through
processes:
a. we imagine how we appear to
others
b. we interpret their reactions
c. we develop a self-concept
George Herbert Mead
2.

 2 Elements of self:
a. “I”-active, spontaneous
creative,and unorganized self
b. “me” – organized, socialized and
moralized self; product of
socialization
 3 Stages of Development of Self
a. preparatory stage
b. play stage
c. game stage
a. Preparatory Stage
◦ Children merely imitate people around them.
b. Play Stage
◦ Stage of role taking
◦ Children learn and internalize the values of
significant others as the former imitate the
behavior of the latter.
c. Game Stage
◦ Considers actual tasks and relationships
◦ Children learn not only the values of
significant others but also the values of
society as they imitate the generalized
others.
Significant
others-
people who
significantly
influence
Significant others- people who significantly influence one’s life
one’s life
Generalized
others-
perception
of how
society
thinks of us
3. Sigmund Freud
 3 Elements of Personality
a. id- inborn drives
b. Ego- mediator
c. Superego- conscience or moral
component
4. Erving Goffman
 Dramaturgical approach- a view
in which individuals perform
their roles as actors/actresses in
a stage play(social situation)
 Impression management-
altering of the presentation of
the self to create distinctive
appearance and to satisfy a
particular audience
Socialization
A life-long process of
learning and relearning
characteristics (attitudes,
behavior, values) of one’s
group
Primary socialization – socialization with
the family or significant others;
emotionally charged
Secondary socialization- socialization
with people encountered outside the
home; role-specific
Anticipatory socialization - learning to
play new roles or rehearsing for future
social relationships, positions, and
occupations
Gender
socialization-
the ways in
which
society sets
children onto
different
courses of
life
depending
on their sex
Resocialization
 discarding former behavioral patterns and
accepting new ones
 e.g. religious conversion, entering military,
priesthood

Total institutions
 the place where resocialization takes place;
people are cut off from the rest of society
and controlled by the officials of the
institution
Agents of Socialization
Agents are:
family
school
church
peer group
mass media
workplace
reference group
state

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