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INstrumentation Report

Air is compressible and assumes the shape of its container. It can be compressed and expands to fill its space. Boyle's law states that for a fixed amount of gas at a constant temperature, the volume is inversely proportional to the pressure. Gay-Lussac's law provides that air expands by 1/273 of its volume for each 1 Kelvin increase in temperature at constant pressure. It is standard practice in pneumatics to refer to air properties under normal or standard conditions of temperature and pressure for comparisons.

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John Paul Jacalan
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39 views

INstrumentation Report

Air is compressible and assumes the shape of its container. It can be compressed and expands to fill its space. Boyle's law states that for a fixed amount of gas at a constant temperature, the volume is inversely proportional to the pressure. Gay-Lussac's law provides that air expands by 1/273 of its volume for each 1 Kelvin increase in temperature at constant pressure. It is standard practice in pneumatics to refer to air properties under normal or standard conditions of temperature and pressure for comparisons.

Uploaded by

John Paul Jacalan
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1.4.

1 Air is compressible

 Air has no particular shape


 Air assumes the shape of its surroundings
 Air can be compressed and endeavors to expand
Boyle-Mariotte’s Law

 “At constant temperature, the volume of a given mass of gas is inversely proportional to the absolute
pressure.”

p1V1 = p2V2 = p3V3 = constant


1.4.1 Volume changes as a function of temperature

Air expands by 1/273 of its volume when heated by 1 K from a temperature of 273 K under constant
pressure.
Gay-Lussac’s Law

 
The change in volume ΔV
is:  V2 is determined:

ΔV = V2 – V1 V2 = V1 + ΔV

Thus, V2 = V1 + (T2-T1)
   ΔV = V1 -V1
V2 V1
The equations are valid only if the Kelvin
ΔV = temperature scale is used.

Temperatures given in °C must therefore be


ΔV = V1 converted to K by simply adding 273.
It is standard practice in pneumatics to refer all data on air
volume to the so-called “normal conditions”

According to DIN 1343, the normal condition is the condition of a solid, liquid or gaseous substance at standard
temperature and pressure (STP).
 The technical normal condition is defined
at standard temperature: Ts = 293.15 K; ts = 20 °C
at standard pressure: : ps = 98,066.5 Pa = 98,066.5 N/m2 = 0.980665 bar

 The physical normal condition is defined


at standard temperature: Ts = 273.15 K; ts = 0 °C
at standard pressure: : ps = 101,325 Pa = 101,325 N/m2 = 1.01325 bar
1.4.3. Equation of state for gases

 The “general gas equation” applies to all relationships:


  
= constant

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