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Pakistan Affairs For PMS: Ali Fahad

The document provides an overview of the Pakistan Affairs course for the PMS exam. It lists recommended books on Pakistan's history and politics. It outlines the course, covering the pre-partition era, post-partition challenges, and the timeline of Mughal rulers in India from Babur to Aurangzeb. It also briefly profiles influential Muslim scholars and reformists in South Asia, including Sheikh Ahmed Sirhindi, Shah Wali Ullah, and Sayyid Ahmed Shaheed.

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Muhammad Mustafa Nizami
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67 views

Pakistan Affairs For PMS: Ali Fahad

The document provides an overview of the Pakistan Affairs course for the PMS exam. It lists recommended books on Pakistan's history and politics. It outlines the course, covering the pre-partition era, post-partition challenges, and the timeline of Mughal rulers in India from Babur to Aurangzeb. It also briefly profiles influential Muslim scholars and reformists in South Asia, including Sheikh Ahmed Sirhindi, Shah Wali Ullah, and Sayyid Ahmed Shaheed.

Uploaded by

Muhammad Mustafa Nizami
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Pakistan Affairs for

PMS
ALI FAHAD
Recommended Books

 Trek to Pakistan By Ahmed Saeed


 Making of Pakistan By KK Aziz
 Constitutional and Political History by Hamid Khan
 Pakistan At The Crossroads Domestic Dynamics And External
Pressures By : Christophe Jaffrelot
 Pakistan: Beyond the Crisis State
 Pakistan’s Foreign Policy 1947–2016: A Concise History by Abdul Sattar
Paper Overview
Course Outline

 1. Pre Partition Era


 Reformists, Educational Movements, Pakistan Movement

 2. Post Partition Era


 Initial Problems, Constitution and Political Development

 3. Challenges
 Economic, Security, Governance, Resources, Foreign Policy
Mughal’s timeline
1. Babur (AD 1526-1530)
Defeated Ibrahim Lodhi in the First Battle of Panipat (AD 1526)

2. Humayun (AD 1530-1556)


1530-40 Suri Dynasty
1555-1556
3. Akbar (AD 1556-1605)
Deen e Elahi

4. Jahangir (AD 1605-1627)

5. Shah Jahan (AD 1628-1658)


Golden Age of the Mughal empire
6. Aurangzeb (Alamgir) (AD 1658-1707)
Decline of Mughals

1. Weak Successors
2. Demoralized Army
3. Noble weak and lavish
4. No Naval Power
5. Lack of Modern Education
6. Internal and External rifts
7. Economically and Politically weak
Sheikh Ahmed Sirhandi (1564-1624)

Known as Mujadid (Renovator of Islam). Imam Rabani/ Mujadid Alf Sani


Descendant of Khawaja Baqi Billa

Background:
Deen e Elahi
Non Muslim practices were prevalent
Wahdatul Wajood
Services
Religious
• Opposition to atheism and polytheism
• Opposition to Deen e Illahi
• Reforms in Muslim society
• Differentiated Wahdatul Shahood & Wahdatul Wajood

Political
• Concept of two nation theory
• Influence on Jahangir and Shah Jahan

“Sirhindi is the spiritual guardian of muslims of sub-continent.” (Iqbal)


Shah Walli Ullah (1703-1762)

• Born 21st Feb 1703 at Delhi.


• Complete name Qutub-ud-Din Ahmed Ibn-e-Abdul Raheem.
• His father was a leading Hanafi Jurist, Islamic Scholars and founder of Madrass-e-Raheemiya.
• He performed Hajj and spent eight years in learning fiqah and hadees and returned in 1732 .

Background:
• Weak Mughal rulers
• Sectarian rifts
• Moral decline of society
• Hinduism rising
Religious Reforms

 Translation of Quran in Persian


 Efforts against sectarianism
 Izalatul Khafa'an Khilafatul Khulafa
 Stress on Jihad
 Stress on Ijtehad
Political Reforms

 Identification of causes of Muslim decline


 Letter to Mughal rulers…..criticize their ruling strategies and their luxuries life
style.
 Letter to Ahmed Shah Abdali to defend Muslim rule in India against Marhatta
rebellions.
Economic Reforms

 Rights of laboures
 Raise the voice against the high taxes that were imposed by the Mughal rulers.
 Also favored socialism and rejected the ideas of imperialism through “Hijjat-
ullah-il-Baaligh”.
Sayyid Ahmed Shaheed(1786-1831)

 Born in 1786 belonged to Raebareli in India.


 Known as revolutionary Islamist in India.
 Influenced from Abdul Aziz son of Shah Walli Ullah.
 His movement was religious, military and political as well.

 Background:
 British rising and Marhattas attacking
 Sikhs persecution muslims in Peshawar
 Muslims were weak, limitation on them
Services

 Establishment of pure Islamic state.


 Reformation and purification of society from un-Islamic traditions and practices.
 Restoration of Jihad and raise awareness of jihad among Muslims of the region.
 Showed the way of Justice through Qazi system
 Started Mujaheeden movement
 Gathered Muslims against sikhs

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