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Course No.: CE-2106 Credit: 0.75: Course Title: Design of Concrete Structure-1 Sessional

This document provides an overview of beams used in concrete structures. It defines beams and describes their key characteristics, including: - Types based on reinforcement placement (singly, doubly reinforced), shape (rectangular, T, L, I), and support (simply supported, fixed, overhanging, continuous, cantilever) - Design considerations like balanced, under reinforced, and over reinforced beams - Reinforcement including longitudinal bars, transverse stirrups or hoops, anchorage and development lengths, clear spacing and cover requirements - Special beams like spandrel beams - Size requirements for minimum width, thickness, and clear span - Hooks and spacing of transverse reinforcement

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97 views

Course No.: CE-2106 Credit: 0.75: Course Title: Design of Concrete Structure-1 Sessional

This document provides an overview of beams used in concrete structures. It defines beams and describes their key characteristics, including: - Types based on reinforcement placement (singly, doubly reinforced), shape (rectangular, T, L, I), and support (simply supported, fixed, overhanging, continuous, cantilever) - Design considerations like balanced, under reinforced, and over reinforced beams - Reinforcement including longitudinal bars, transverse stirrups or hoops, anchorage and development lengths, clear spacing and cover requirements - Special beams like spandrel beams - Size requirements for minimum width, thickness, and clear span - Hooks and spacing of transverse reinforcement

Uploaded by

Md saydul islam
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
You are on page 1/ 24

Course No.

: CE-2106
Credit: 0.75
Course Title: Design of concrete structure-1
sessional

Group No:(A2-2)
WELCOME

Presentation
on
BEAM
Definition of Beam
• Horizontal or inclined structural member spanning a distance
between one or more supports, and carrying vertical loads across
(transverse to) its longitudinal axis.
• Generally horizontal member of a structure, Carries transverse loads.
Some Pictures of Beams
Types of Beams
Based on the placement of reinforcement:
1.Singly reinforced Beam
2.Doubly reinforced Beam
Types of Beams

Based on Shape:
Rectangular Beam

T – Beam

L – Beam

I - Beam
Types of Beams

•Based on Support

•Simply supported – a beam supported on the


ends which are free to rotate and have no moment
resistance.

•Fixed – a beam supported on both ends and


restrained from rotation.

•Over hanging – a simple beam extending beyond


its support on one end.
Types of Beams

•Double overhanging – a simple beam with


both ends extending beyond its supports on
both ends.

•Continuous – a beam extending over more


than two supports.

•Cantilever – a projecting beam fixed only at


one end.
According to design:

I. Balanced Beam

II. Under Reinforced Beam

III. Over Reinforced Beam


According to equilibrium:

I. Statically Determinate Beam II. Statically Indeterminate


Beam
Special Type of Beam

Spandrel Beam : An exterior beam extending from column to column


usually carrying an exterior wall load .
Size of Beam

• Minimum width 10″ (250 mm) and b/h ≥ 0.3 and more
than the width of the supporting member(BNBC-8.3.4)

• Clear span shall not be less than 4 times of effective


depth.

• Beam thickness not less than 3h


Reinforcement in Beams
* Reinforcement are provided to
resist tensile stresses due to bending
and shear in beams.
Types of the Reinforcement in Beam
Transverse Reinforcement (Stirrup)
Longitudinal Reinforcement

To resist flexural stress Mainly used for resist shear and diagonal
tension.
To resist shear stress
Hold longitudinal bar in proper position.
To resist torsional stress
Reduce shear cracking propagation
Reinforcement in Beam
  Minimum reinforcement:
>=(200/ 𝑓𝑦) {psi}

Maximum reinforcement:
⍴𝑚𝑎𝑥 = 0.75 ⍴𝑏 but not more than 0.025 (BNBC: 8.3.4.2)
where ⍴𝑏 = balanced steel ratio

 At least two bars shall be provided continuously at top and


bottom

 For Bick Aggregate concrete ⍴ shall be increased 50%


Reinforcement of Beams
Stirrup size should be
# 3 (10mm) bar if longitudinal bar ≤ # 10 (32mm) bar # 4 bar if longitudinal bar ≥ #
11 (36 mm) bar (ACI Code 7.10.5 )

If main bar is <30mm, then 10mmф bar use as Stirrups, If main bar ≥32mm, then
12mmф bar use as Stirrup.(BNBC 8.1.11.1)
Reinforcement in Beam

SPACING: (BNBC 8.3.10.4 )


Maximum spacing ( Mid Span)
d/2
16 X Minimum Dia of Main Bar
48 X Dia of Stirrup
The first stirrup shall be located not more than 50 mm from
the supporting face.

Maximum spacing ( For Hoops ) :


d/4
8 X Minimum dia of Main bar
24 X dia of stirrup
300 mm

Stirrup shall not be placed at more than d/2 throughout the


length of the member
Hooks For Stirrup
ACI standard hooks for stirrups
•16 bar and smaller, 90-degree bend plus 6db
extension at free end of bar.

•19, No. 22, and No. 25 bar, 90-degree bend plus 12db
extension at free end of bar

•25 bar and smaller, 135-degree bend plus 6db


extension at free end of bar.
Anchorage and Development Length

The development length (ld) is the shortest length of bar


in which the bar stress can increase from zero to the
yield strength (fy). It is different in tension and
compression, and basic equation for each case are as
follow:
Development length

In tension
Use the following expression to calculate development length in tension, but no less than 30
cm.

in compression

development length can be calculated using the greatest of the following formula, but it shall not be
smaller than 20 cm.

ldc=(0.02fy / )db  Equation 3

ldc=(0.0003fy)db  Equation 4
Clear spacing & Covering
Minimum Clear Spacing between longitudinal bars in Column:
Larger of 1.5 bar diameter or 1.3 times of coarse aggregate or 1 inch
Joint of Beam & Column
Damage pattern
THANK YOU

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