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Lesson 2 Techniques-in-Selecting-and-Organizing-Information

The document discusses techniques for selecting and organizing information, including brainstorming and outlining. It explains that brainstorming involves generating creative ideas through group discussion, and outlines 4 basic steps: 1) lay out the problem, 2) identify objectives, 3) generate individual solutions, and 4) work as a group. It also describes various graphic organizers that can be used like idea lists, free writing, cubing, mapping, and research. Finally, it provides examples of a topic outline and sentence outline, explaining the differences and proper formatting for each.

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Shen Eugenio
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42 views

Lesson 2 Techniques-in-Selecting-and-Organizing-Information

The document discusses techniques for selecting and organizing information, including brainstorming and outlining. It explains that brainstorming involves generating creative ideas through group discussion, and outlines 4 basic steps: 1) lay out the problem, 2) identify objectives, 3) generate individual solutions, and 4) work as a group. It also describes various graphic organizers that can be used like idea lists, free writing, cubing, mapping, and research. Finally, it provides examples of a topic outline and sentence outline, explaining the differences and proper formatting for each.

Uploaded by

Shen Eugenio
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TECHNIQUES IN SELECTING

AND ORGANIZING
INFORMATION
Objectives:
• Distinguish between and among techniques in
selecting and organizing information,
• Justify the choice of a certain technique to make a
cohesive presentation,
• Describe the brainstorming process,
• Illustrate the different types of graphic organizer,
• Explain the difference between a topic and a
sentence outline,
• Make a cohesive presentation with different graphic
organizers, using data from survey.
Problem: Declining grades of Senior High
students.
BRAINSTORMING

• It is a process of generating creative ideas and


solution through intensive and freewheeling
group discussion.
• Ralph Keeney, an emeritus
professor at Dukes Fuqua School
of Business and consultant to
multinational companies and
government organizations, said
almost everybody does
brainstorming wrong.
What is brainstorming?
• Brainstorming combines a relaxed, informal approach to problem
solving with lateral thinking.
• It encourages people to come up with thoughts and ideas that
can, at first, seem a bit crazy.
• Some of these ideas can be crafted into original, creative
solutions to a problem, while others can spark even more ideas.
This helps to get people unstuck by "jolting" them out of their
normal ways of thinking.
• Therefore, during brainstorming sessions, people should avoid
criticizing or rewarding ideas. You're trying to open up
possibilities and break down incorrect assumptions about the
problem's limits.
4 Basic Steps in Brainstorming
By: Ralph Keeney
LAY OUT THE PROBLEM IDENTIFY THE OBJECTIVES
YOU WANT TO SOLVE OF A POSSIBLE SOLUTION

WHEN ALL ARE CLEAR,


TRY TO GENERATE
WORK AS A GROUP.
1. Lay out the problem you want to solve.

• According to Keeney, when dealing with a


problem, students should keep on pushing
until they come up with at least 5 alternatives,
and then, considering all of those, “identify
your objectives for your study, evaluate the
alternatives and select the best”.
2. Identify the objectives of a possible
solution.
• Knowing the goals will help making solutions
easier.
3. Try to generate solutions individually.

• Coming into a group brainstorming with


potential solutions reduces the risk that
participants will get bogged down on one
objective.
• This will avoid an “anchor”.
4. When your problems, objectives and
personal solutions are clear, work as a group.

• Avoiding an “anchor” is a challenge when


brainstorming for solutions however,
according to Keeney, if participants do their
homework, clarifying the problem, identifying
the objectives, and individually trying to come
up with solutions, a brainstorming session can
be extremely productive.
Five Strategies under
Brainstorming
• Idea List
• Free Writing
• Cubing
• Mapping
• Researching
Five Strategies under
Brainstorming
• Idea List
 is appropriate to textual
people or those who are
more comfortable in
processing words than
visuals
Five Strategies under
Brainstorming
• Idea List
Examples: (Topic-
Unemployment)
1. Poverty
2. Lack of education
Five Strategies under
Brainstorming
• Free Writing
Set a time limit and number of
words or pages. Just write. Do not
edit yourself.
It allows someone to work
without inhibitions
Five Strategies under
Brainstorming
• Cubing
An idea is examined from six
distinct viewpoints.
Five Strategies under
Brainstorming
• Idea Map
Also called webbing or clustering
Is a visual representation of ideas
and their connections with one
another
Five Strategies under
Brainstorming
• Research
Is appropriate to textual people or
those who are more comfortable
in processing words than visuals
CLOCK DIARGRAM
DECISION MAKING DIAGRAM
KWHL CHART
Y-Chart
CYCLE DIAGRAM
FISHBONE DIAGRAM
FRAYER MODEL
STAR DIAGRAM
CHAIN DIAGRAM
TOPIC OUTLINE
• Arranges your ideas hierarchically, in the sequence you
want, and show what you will talk about.
Several aspects must be considered in writing a topic
outline.
• Recall that all headings and subheadings must be words or
phrases, not sentences.
• Also, the wording within each division must be parallel.
• Finally, as in any outline, remember that a division or
subdivision cannot be divided into one part; therefore, if
there is an "A" there must be a "B," and if there is a "1"
there must be a "2."
• I. Family Problems
      A. Custodial: Non-custodial Conflicts
      B. Extended Family
      C. Adolescent's Age
II. Economic Problems
      A. Child Support
      B. Women's Job Training
      C. Lower Standard of Living
      D. Possible Relocation
         1. Poorer Neighborhood
         2. New School
III. Peer Problems
      A. Loss of Friends
      B. Relationships with Dates
SENTENCE OUTLINE
• Similarly does what a topic outline does; plus, it shows
exactly what you will say about each mini-topic.
Several aspects must be considered in writing a
sentence outline.
• If you have chosen to write a sentence outline, all
headings and sub-headings must be in sentence form.
• As in any outline, remember that a division or
subdivision can not be divided into one part; therefore,
if there is an "A" there must be a "B," and if there is a
"1" there must be a "2."
Negative Effects of Divorce on Adolescents
• I. When family conflicts arise as a result of divorce, adolescents suffer.
     A. During the first year, these young people may be depressed due to conflicts
between the custodial and non-custodial parents.
     B. Grandparents, aunts, and uncles are often restricted by visitation provisions.
     C. Almost without exception, adolescents find divorce very painful, but they react in
differing degrees depending on their age.
II. Some of the most negative effects on adolescents may be associated with economic
problems.
     A. The family will most probably experience a lower standard of living due to the cost
of maintaining two households.
     B. Some female custodial parents have poor job skills and must train before entering
the job market.
     C. The lower standard of living may result in misunderstanding and conflicts within
the family.
     D. The decreased standard of living, particularly for an untrained female custodial
parent, often causes relocation.
       1. The family may have to move to a poorer neighborhood in order to cut costs.
       2. As a result, the adolescent may have to attend a different school.
III. Adolescents from divorced families often experience peer problems.
     A. Due to relocation and prejudice, adolescents may lose friends.
     B. The lack of a solid relationship with both parents affects an adolescent's attitude
toward the opposite sex.

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