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Chapter 10-Database Management

This chapter discusses databases, data, and information. It explains that database management systems allow users to enter, modify, retrieve and manage data. The chapter describes the hierarchy of data from characters to files and how files are organized into records with fields. It also covers maintaining data through adding, changing and deleting records, and validating data quality. The differences between file processing systems and database management systems are explained. Finally, the chapter discusses relational databases, SQL, web databases, database design, administration and security.

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Usama Akbar
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92 views

Chapter 10-Database Management

This chapter discusses databases, data, and information. It explains that database management systems allow users to enter, modify, retrieve and manage data. The chapter describes the hierarchy of data from characters to files and how files are organized into records with fields. It also covers maintaining data through adding, changing and deleting records, and validating data quality. The differences between file processing systems and database management systems are explained. Finally, the chapter discusses relational databases, SQL, web databases, database design, administration and security.

Uploaded by

Usama Akbar
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPT, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Discovering

Computers 2010
Living in a Digital World
Databases, Data, and Information

Page 514 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 2


Chapter 10
Databases, Data, and Information

Pages 514 – 515 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 3


Figure 10-1 Chapter 10
Databases, Data, and Information

• Database software, often called a database


management system (DBMS), allows users to:

Page 515 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 4


Chapter 10
Databases, Data, and Information

• Data integrity identifies the quality of the data


• Garbage in, garbage out (GIGO) points out the
accuracy of a computer’s output depends on the
accuracy of the input

Click to view Web Link,


click Chapter 10, Click Web
Link from left navigation,
then click Data Integrity
below Chapter 10
Page 516 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 5
Chapter 10
Databases, Data, and Information

• Valuable information should have the following


characteristics:

Pages 516 - 517 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 6


Chapter 10
The Hierarchy of Data

• Data is organized in layers


– Files, records, fields, characters

Page 517 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 7


Figure 10-2 Chapter 10
The Hierarchy of Data

• A character is one byte


– Numbers, letters, space,
punctuation marks, or
other symbols
• A field is a combination
of one or more related
characters
– Field name
– Field size
– Data type

Page 518 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 8


Figure 10-3 Chapter 10
The Hierarchy of Data

• Common data types include:

Page 518 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 9


Chapter 10
The Hierarchy of Data

• A record is a group of related fields


– A primary key uniquely identifies each record
• A data file is a collection of related records

Page 519 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 10


Figure 10-4 Chapter 10
Maintaining Data

• File maintenance refers to the procedures that


keep data current

Page 520 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 11


Chapter 10
Maintaining Data

• Users add new records to a file when they obtain


new data

Page 520 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 12


Figure 10-5 Chapter 10
Maintaining Data

• Users modify a record to correct inaccurate data


or update old data

Page 521 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 13


Figure 10-6 Chapter 10
Maintaining Data

• When a record no longer is needed, a user deletes


it from a file

Page 522 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 14


Figure 10-7 Chapter 10
Maintaining Data

• Validation compares data with a set of rules or


values to find out if the data is correct

Click to view Web Link,


click Chapter 10, Click Web
Link from left navigation,
then click Data Validation
below Chapter 10
Pages 522 - 524 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 15
Chapter 10
File Processing Versus Databases

Pages 524 - 526 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 16


Chapter 10
File Processing Versus Databases

Page 525 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 17


Figure 10-10 Chapter 10
Database Management Systems

• A data dictionary contains data about each file in


the database and each field in those files

Pages 527 – 528 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 18


Figure 10-12 Chapter 10
Database Management Systems

• A DBMS provides several tools that allow users


and programs to retrieve and maintain data in the
database

Page 528 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 19


Chapter 10
Database Management Systems

• A query language consists of simple, English-like


statements that allow users to specify the data to
display, print, or store
• Query by example (QBE) provides a GUI to assist
users with retrieving data

Page 528 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 20


Chapter 10
Database Management Systems

• A form is a window on the screen that provides


areas for entering or modifying data in a database

Click to view Web Link,


click Chapter 10, Click Web
Link from left navigation,
then click E-Form
below Chapter 10
Page 530 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 21
Figure 10-15 Chapter 10
Database Management Systems

• A report generator allows users to design a report


on the screen, retrieve data into the report
design, and then display or print the report

Page 531 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 22


Figure 10-16 Chapter 10
Database Management Systems

Page 531 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 23


Chapter 10
Database Management Systems

• A DMBS provides a variety of techniques to


restore the database to a usable form in case it is
damaged or destroyed

Pages 531 - 532 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 24


Chapter 10
Relational, Object-Oriented, and
Multidimensional Databases
• A relational database
stores data in tables
that consist of rows and
columns
– Each row has a primary
key
– Each column has a
unique name
• A relationship is a link
within the data

Page 533 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 25


Figure 10-20 Chapter 10
Relational, Object-Oriented, and
Multidimensional Databases
• Structured Query Language (SQL) is a query
language that allows users to manage, update,
and retrieve data

Click to view Web Link,


click Chapter 10, Click Web
Link from left navigation,
then click SQL
below Chapter 10
Page 534 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 26
Figure 10-21 Chapter 10
Web Databases

• Databases on the Web allow you to:

Page 536 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 27


Chapter 10
Database Administration

• It is important to have a carefully designed


database

Click to view Web Link,


click Chapter 10, Click Web
Link from left navigation,
then click Database Design
Guidelines below Chapter 10
Page 537 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 28
Figure 10-24 Chapter 10
Database Administration

Click to view Web Link,


click Chapter 10, Click Web
Link from left navigation,
then click Database
Administrators below
Chapter 10
Page 538 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 29
Chapter 10
Database Administration

• Employees should learn


how to use the data in
the database effectively
– Interact with database
– Identify new data for the
database
– Maintain the database

Page 538 Discovering Computers 2010: Living in a Digital World 30


Figure 10-25 Chapter 10
Discovering
Computers 2010
Living in a Digital World

Chapter 10 Complete

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