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Lesson 2 Probability of Type and Type II Errors

The document discusses calculating the probabilities of type I and type II errors and determining the power of a hypothesis test. It provides two examples, calculating these values when testing if a sample mean is greater than or equal to a hypothesized population mean. It also presents two practice problems for the reader to solve, following the same approach as the examples.

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Maimai Pana
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
167 views

Lesson 2 Probability of Type and Type II Errors

The document discusses calculating the probabilities of type I and type II errors and determining the power of a hypothesis test. It provides two examples, calculating these values when testing if a sample mean is greater than or equal to a hypothesized population mean. It also presents two practice problems for the reader to solve, following the same approach as the examples.

Uploaded by

Maimai Pana
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TARGETS:

• Calculate the probabilities of


committing type I and type II errors
• Determine the power of a hypothesis
test

S T AT & P R O B A ( A . S . A )
PROBABILITY OF
COMMITTING TYPE I
AND TYPE II ERRORS
AND POWER OF A TEST

S T AT & P R O B A ( A . S . A )
EXAMPLE 1
Consider the following hypothesis test:
Suppose it is known that the population with a mean of
15, standard deviation of 8 and a sample size of 36 was
randomly selected.
a. If you decide to reject the null hypothesis when the
sample mean is 17 or greater, calculate the
probability of committing a type I error.
b. if it is known to you that the population mean is 18,
what is the probability of Type II error?
c. Determine the power of the hypothesis test.

O S T AT & P R O B A ( A . S . A )
CONT. EXAMPLE 1
To answer example 1, we need to compute
for the z-statistic.
FORMULA:

S T AT & P R O B A ( A . S . A )
NOTE:
POWER OF A HYPOTHESIS TEST
(PHT)
The complement of the probability of
committing TYPE II error.
PHT = 1 - β

S T AT & P R O B A ( A . S . A )
EXAMPLE 2
Let X be the weight of a randomly selected student at
XYZ High School. Suppose that X is normally
distributed with an unknown mean and a standard
deviation of 2. a random sample with size 25 is selected
and the following hypothesis test is conducted at a level
of significance of 5%:
Ho: μ ≥ 60 kg
Ha: μ < 60 kg
a. Compute the probability of committing type I error.
b. Compute the probability of committing type II error
if the true population mean is 59.6.
c. Determine the power of the hypothesis test.
TRY THIS ON YOUR OWN
1. A sociologist is dealing with a certain population with
an unknown mean number of years of education and a
standard deviation of 2.25. He is testing the hypothesis
that the population mean is 13.5 years, so he surveyed a
sample of 100 residents. He decides to reject the null
hypothesis when the mean is greater than or equal to 14
years.
a. What is the probability that the sociologist commits a
type I error?
b. If the sociologist is not aware that the true population
mean is 14.5 years, what is his probability of
committing a type II error.
c. Determine the power of the test.
TRY THIS ON YOUR OWN
2. A researcher is testing the hypothesis that all teenagers
spend an average of 8 hours on their computers during
weekends. He knows that the standard deviation is 3
hour. He selects a sample of 144 teenagers and decides to
reject the null hypothesis when the sample mean is 8.5
hours or greater.
a. What is the probability that the researcher commits a
type I error?
b. If the true population mean is 9 hours, what is the
probability the he commits a type II error.
c. Determine the power of the test.
S T AT & P R O B A ( A . S . A )

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