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Motor Cycle Tire: N.A.G.Wilson UWU/SCT/07/0047

This document provides information about motorcycle tires, including their major ingredients, types, and the manufacturing process. It discusses the key components that make up tires, such as rubber, carbon black, and steel. The production process involves mixing ingredients, calendaring textiles and steel cords, extruding rubber for treads and sidewalls, building the carcass, and curing the assembled tire. Quality checks are performed throughout and after production to ensure tire quality before distribution.

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239 views48 pages

Motor Cycle Tire: N.A.G.Wilson UWU/SCT/07/0047

This document provides information about motorcycle tires, including their major ingredients, types, and the manufacturing process. It discusses the key components that make up tires, such as rubber, carbon black, and steel. The production process involves mixing ingredients, calendaring textiles and steel cords, extruding rubber for treads and sidewalls, building the carcass, and curing the assembled tire. Quality checks are performed throughout and after production to ensure tire quality before distribution.

Uploaded by

Tgemunu
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Motor Cycle Tire

N.A.G.Wilson
UWU/SCT/07/0047
Introduction of Tire
What is tyre
major ingredients
section view of tire
types of tire
aspect ratio
grades of tire

Process Of Motor Cycle Tyre

Specification
Who Invented The First Tire?
Itwas invented in
1888, by John
Dunlop.
This would be the
end of the solid tire.
Actual components that go into a
tire.

Raw Rubber
Steel
Nylon
Carbon Black
Polyester
Rayon
Synthetic Rubber
30
Rubber Fiberglass
20
Aramid
Brass
Steel Nylon Synthetic Rubber
10 Carbon Black
Rayon

0
Tire compontents

By weight, give or take 30%


By volume, quite a bite more.
Tire Cutaway
Tire Cutaway
Cooper Tire Cutaway
Why are Tires Black?

To

To protect
protect the
the
rubber
rubber from
from the
the
harmful
harmful UVUV rays.
rays.
A

A common
common typetype of
of
UV
UV stabilizer
stabilizer called
called
aa competitive
competitive
absorber
absorber is is added
added
to
to capture
capture and
and
absorb
absorb these
these
harmful
harmful UVUV light
light
wave
wave energy.
energy.
Bias Ply Tire
A bias ply tire
has plies running
at an angle from
bead to bead.
The cord angle is
also reversed
from ply to ply.
Tread is bonded
directly to the
top ply.
Belted Bias Tire
Is a bias tire with
belts added to
increase tread
stiffness.
These belts are
also ran at a
different angle.
These belts only lie
on the tread area
and not on the side
walls, like cords.
Radial Ply Tire
Has plies running
straight across from
bead to bead with
stabilizer belts lying
directly beneath the
tread.
This results in the
radial having flexible
side wall, but a stiff
tread.
Michelin developed it
in 1955! 50 years
ago!
Tire Sidewall
Tire Sidewall
Tire Sidewall
Aspect Ratio
Percentage of tires height in relation
to it’s width A 60 series tire height
will be 60% of the width. The aspect
ratio can be a 40,50, 60,65,70,75,78
These are some of the most common
ones.
Process of Motor Cycle tire
Basic Overview of Tire Building
Major Ingredients
 Rubber (Natural and synthetic)  38%

 Fillers (Carbon black, silica, carbon


 30%
chalk)

 Reinforcing materials (steel, rayon,


 16%
nylon)

 Plasticizers (oils and resins)  10%

 Chemicals for vulcanisation (sulphur,


 4%
zinc oxide, various chemicals)

 Chemicals as antioxidents to counter


 1%
ozone effects and material fatigue

 Miscellaneous  1%
 A Banbury mixer combines rubber stock, carbon black
and other chemical ingredients to create a
homogeneous rubber material. Time, heat and raw
materials are factors utilized to engineer material
composition.
 The ingredients are generally provided to the plant in
pre-weighed packages or are prepared and weighed by
the Banbury operator from bulk quantities. Measured
ingredients are placed onto a conveyor system, and the
Banbury is charged to initiate the mixing process.
 
 Hundreds of components are combined to form rubber
utilized for tyre manufacturing. The components include
compounds which act as accelerators, anti-oxidants,
anti-ozonants, extenders, vulcanizers, pigments,
plasticizers, reinforcing agents and resins.
Calendaring Textile Calendering

Part of the tyre production process, calendaring is the process


where textile and steel cords are "sandwiched" between two layers
of compound to form sheets. These sheets, when superimposed
over each other during tyre assembly, create the casing ply and
breaker belts (below the tread) required for strength, shock
resistance, compliance and durability.
The calender operation continues to shape rubber.
The calender machine consists of one or more
(often four) rolls, through which the rubber sheets
are forced  The calender machine has the following
functions:
 
· to prepare compounded rubber as a uniform sheet
of definite thickness and width
· to place a thin coat of rubber on a fabric
(“coating” or “skimming”)
· to force rubber into the interstices of fabric by
friction (“frictioning”).
 
The rubber sheets coming off the calender are
wound on drums, called “shells,” with fabric
spacers, called “liners,” to prevent sticking.
Steel Calendering
Extrution
 The extruder is often referred to as a “tuber”
because it creates tube-like rubber components.
The extruder functions by forcing rubber through
dies of appropriate shape.

 The extruder consists of a screw, barrel or


cylinder, head and die. A core or spider is used to
form the hollow inside of tubing. The extruder
makes the large, flat section of tyre treads.

 Extruder and calender operators may be exposed


to talc and solvents, which are used in the
process. Also, the workers at the end of the
extrusion operation are exposed to a highly
repetitive task of placing the tread onto multi-
tiered carts.
Extrusion - Preparation of Treads and Sidewalls
Bead Production
Carcass Building
Bead wires are set at the applicators.
Bead joint has to be in the right place
to avoid tyre imbalance.
Inner Liner
Inner liner is set at the drum and rotated around the drum at one
turn. The joint is cut with a hot knife. Inner liner is set end to
end so that the diagonal cutting seam is at the top. The ends are
joined manually.
Body Ply: Mounting
Cord ply ends are set at the drum and rotated around
the drum at one turn. The cord is cut by hand with a join
of 2-5 overlapping wires. The join is pressed carefully
together at the edges.
Bead Wire Mounting and Turn-Up

Bead wire mounting and turn-up is done


automatically. Bead wire applicators bring the
beads to the carcass. Edges are turned up with
bladders over the beads and stitched tightly.
Sidewall Mounting and Joining

Sidewall ends are set at the drum and rotated


around the drum at one turn. Sidewall is set end
to end and the seam is fastened together
manually.
Tread Package
Steel belt tables go down on the drum
automatically. Steel belt is joined by cutting it
with a hot knife and setting the ends together.
Cap Ply: Mounting and Joining

The ends of the nylon cap ply, is set at the


drum in the middle of the steel belts. Bandage
is wound on top of the steel belts 1-2 times.
The bandage is cut with scissors.
Tread Mounting
Tread is pulled onto the drum automatically.
Tread is set end to end and joined automatically.
First and Second Stage Coupling
Carcass (1st stage) and tread (2nd stage)
packages are joined automatically. The carcass
is set at the flanges of the carcass drum,
pressurized, fastened to the tread package and
stitched together.
Green Tire
After building the green tire it is transferred
to the painting machine, where anti-blemish
chemicals are applied.
Curing
After the assembly, green tires are moved over
to curing chambers.
The curing phase consists of three key
elements:
Heat, pressure and time.
In the mold chambers tire tread pattern is
applied to green tires, they are pushed into the
mold, and the tread pattern begins to imprint.

Temperature is raised to 170C (can be different


for various type of tires, up to 190C), and
chemical reactions begin to strengthen the tire.

Most bike tires take about 15 minutes, but tires


for large trucks and heavy machinery can take
up to 40 minutes.
After molding, tires are cooled down.
Small knobs, called spew, appear on the
exterior of the tire.
They are created by purpose – allowing steam
and air to escape. Before final inspection,
most of the spew gets removed.
Quality Checks
Tires are checked at the every step of the creation
process, but the most important is the last quality check.
For final check each tire is personally checked by a
professional, they are searching for shape or any other
defects.
Also each tire is checked by laser rays, to see if it was
properly constructed. And finally, after that the tire is
tested on specifically designed road simulator that spins
the tire on various speeds. Usually less than 0.11% tires
doesn’t pass the tests. Other 99.89% are stored in large
racks, waiting for worldwide distribution.
References
 http//:www.Tyre construction - basic overview of tyre building &
process stages of tyre manufacturing

 http://www.ilo.org/encyclopaedia/?doc&nd=857200086&nh=0

 http//:www.20Manufacturing.htm

 http://www. Tireschool.com/How-a-Tire-is-Made.aspx.htm

 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halobutyl_rubber#Tire Construction

 http://www.energymanagertraining.com/tyre/tyre_manufacturing
process%20.htm

 http://www.Motorcycle Tire Basics.htm

 http://www.Production-Process-of-Motorcycle-Tires.htm
Thank You
Tire Size

LT = Light Truck
Tire Size
Ifyou switch tire size on a car you can
mess up the speedometer to figure out
how close you are do the math to figure
out the diameter.

For a 205/75R15 tire it would look like


this

205 X .75 x 2 ÷ 25.4 + 15= 27.106

Tire size X Aspect ratio X 2 ÷ 25.4 + Rim


size
Aspect Ratio
So if we have a P205/60R15 tire.
The width is 205 millimeters and
the height is 60% of the width.
That means 205 x .6 = 123
millimeters.
That tire should be 123 millimeters
tall.
You can raise or lower your car by
changing the height of the side wall.

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